Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological最新文献

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Soil microbial activity, mycelial lengths and physiological groups of bacteria in a heavy metal polluted area 重金属污染地区土壤微生物活性、菌丝长度及细菌生理类群
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90108-X
Anders Nordgren, Tiiu Kauri, Erland Bååth, Bengt Söderström
{"title":"Soil microbial activity, mycelial lengths and physiological groups of bacteria in a heavy metal polluted area","authors":"Anders Nordgren,&nbsp;Tiiu Kauri,&nbsp;Erland Bååth,&nbsp;Bengt Söderström","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90108-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90108-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The biological effects of heavy metal contamination of coniferous forest soils were studied in the A<sub>01</sub>/A<sub>02</sub> layer around a primary smelter in Northern Sweden. Soil concentrations of 17 elements were determined. Smelter-emitted heavy metals were 5 to 75 times higher in the plot closest to the smelter compared with background levels. Despite emission of sulphur no decrease in pH was found.</p><p>Bacteria producing acid from maltose, cellobiose, arabinose or xylose and bacteria hydrolysing starch, pectin, xylan or cellulose decreased 8- to 11-fold due to the soil contamination. Chitin hydrolysers were 5 times less abundant at the most polluted site compared with background levels. Soil respiration rate and urease activity decreased by about a factor of 4, but phosphatase activity and mycelial lengths were unaffected by the soil contamination. Soil bacteria showed a sigmoidal response to the log of metal concentration in the soil and were affected at a lower pollution level than the other biological variables in the study.</p><p>A multivariate analysis (partial least squares) showed that soil metal contamination and soil pH were the two environmental factors influencing the soil microorganisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"41 1","pages":"Pages 89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90108-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84330814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 72
Effects of environmental factors on release of mercury from Berry's Creek (New Jersey) sediments and its uptake by killifish Fundulus heteroclitus 环境因素对贝里溪(新泽西州)沉积物中汞释放及异底鳉对汞的吸收的影响
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90064-4
Peddrick Weis, Judith S. Weis, John Bogden
{"title":"Effects of environmental factors on release of mercury from Berry's Creek (New Jersey) sediments and its uptake by killifish Fundulus heteroclitus","authors":"Peddrick Weis,&nbsp;Judith S. Weis,&nbsp;John Bogden","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90064-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90064-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sediments from the highly mercury-contaminated Berry's Creek in the Hackensack Meadowlands of New Jersey were brought into the laboratory to investigate the effects of different environmental factors on their release of mercury and its uptake by <em>Fundulus heteroclitus</em>. Sediments were placed in 16 aquaria in which conditions of pH (6 vs 8), salinity (0·3% vs 1·2%), aeration (aerated or unaerated) and stirring (stirred or not stirred) were varied. Mercury analysis was performed on <em>Fundulus heteroclitus</em> from the aquaria. Condition factor of the fish was also monitored. Low oxygen was associated with higher levels of mercury in the fish and with poorer condition. Stirring the sediment did not decrease fish condition, and was associated with lower Hg uptake. The concentration of mercury in the sediments in individual tanks was not related to the uptake by the fish. Monitoring of mercury levels of fish collected from Berry's Creek throughout the year revealed a 5-fold increase during the summer months.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 303-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90064-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82587968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 36
House of Lords Select Committee on the European communities 欧洲共同体的上议院特别委员会
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90011-5
K. Mellanby
{"title":"House of Lords Select Committee on the European communities","authors":"K. Mellanby","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90011-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90011-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"42 2","pages":"Pages 184-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90011-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89987417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 75
Reproductive success and heavy metal contamination in Rhode Island common terns 繁殖成功和重金属污染在罗德岛州的常见术语
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90105-4
Thomas W. Custer, J. Christian Franson , John F. Moore, James E. Myers
{"title":"Reproductive success and heavy metal contamination in Rhode Island common terns","authors":"Thomas W. Custer,&nbsp;J. Christian Franson ,&nbsp;John F. Moore,&nbsp;James E. Myers","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90105-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90105-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Common tern clutch size, reproductive success and growth of young recorded from an abandoned barge on the Providence River, an area of heavy metal contamination, were equal to, or greater than, from less contaminated areas. Concentrations of copper and zinc were higher in livers of nestling terns from the Providence River than from other, less contaminated, areas. However, concentrations of magnesium, manganese, and iron and the frequency of nickel were equal, or lower, at Providence than other, less contaminated, locations. Among-colony trends in residues of copper, zinc and nickel in prey samples were similar to trends found in nestling livers. Uric acid concentrations in nestling blood were twice as high in the Providence River than another colony and may have resulted from moderate levels of chromium in the diet.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"41 1","pages":"Pages 33-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90105-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82296651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
Effects of fly ash on soil microbial activity 粉煤灰对土壤微生物活性的影响
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90080-2
M.H. Wong, J.W.C. Wong
{"title":"Effects of fly ash on soil microbial activity","authors":"M.H. Wong,&nbsp;J.W.C. Wong","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90080-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90080-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fly ash was added to a sandy soil and a sandy loam to study its effects on soil microbial respiration. Microbial respiration was reduced with increasing fly ash treatments in the sandy soil, whereas in the sandy loam, a significant depression was only recorded at the highest ash addition for both total and cumulative carbon dioxide evolved. Total carbon dioxide release was actually increased by 3% and 6% ash amendment on the sandy loam. A highly negative correlation was found between respiration and ash treatment for the sandy soil (<em>r</em> = −0·9904, <em>p</em> &lt; 0·005), but not for the sandy loam. Ecological dose 50% (EcD<sub>50</sub>) values of the sandy soil were smaller than that of the sandy loam for each period. The reasons for this are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"40 2","pages":"Pages 127-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90080-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75304055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 128
Contents of volume 40 第40卷内容
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90069-3
{"title":"Contents of volume 40","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90069-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90069-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 381-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90069-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137312676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temik contamination in a surface water system and its potential effect on a daphnid species in Florida 佛罗里达州地表水系统中的铁离子污染及其对水蚤物种的潜在影响
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90068-1
Jeffrey A. Foran , W. Lamar Miller, Steven Doyan, Michael Krtausch
{"title":"Temik contamination in a surface water system and its potential effect on a daphnid species in Florida","authors":"Jeffrey A. Foran ,&nbsp;W. Lamar Miller,&nbsp;Steven Doyan,&nbsp;Michael Krtausch","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90068-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90068-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preliminary sampling of the Caloosahatchee River, which serves as a source of drinking water for the city of Ft Myers, Florida, showed that aldicarb, aldicarb sulphoxide and aldicarb sulphone had contaminated the river. These toxicants are associated with the pesticide Temik. Concentrations of total residue were as high as 17·9 μg litre<sup>−1</sup> at one site, but contaminants were never detected in final (treated) drinking water.</p><p>Concentrations of only 10 μg litre<sup>−1</sup> of aldicarb sulphoxide have significant impacts on the life history characteristics of a common Florida daphnid, <em>Daphnia laevis</em>. We suggest that Temik use in Florida, and perhaps elsewhere, may prove detrimental to the biota of surface water systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"40 4","pages":"Pages 369-380"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90068-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87499330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The potential impact of pesticides on the Kinneret and its watershed, over the period 1980–1984 1980-1984年期间杀虫剂对Kinneret及其流域的潜在影响
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90020-6
D. Wynne
{"title":"The potential impact of pesticides on the Kinneret and its watershed, over the period 1980–1984","authors":"D. Wynne","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90020-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90020-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the period 1980–1984, water and fish samples have been routinely analysed for pesticide residues as part of a more general lake and watershed monitoring programme. Water samples were taken from 14 sites in the Hula Valley, close to the main farming areas. Initially, concentrations of various pesticides (such as Parathion and Endosulphan) were high, especially at certain sites, but later, only traces of these chemicals were found even though there has been little reduction in the quantities of pesticides used. During the rainy season some residual pesticides remaining in the soil were washed into the drainage canals at the beginning of the winter floods, but concentrations dropped rapidly, suggesting that either quantities of pesticides in the fields were low, or that they were bound strongly to soil particles. Fish analyses largely comprised cases of deliberate poisoning of <em>Sarotherodon galileaus</em> (St Peter's fish), by Endosulphan and/or Lindane, for illegal fishing purposes. In the past few years, however, the numbers of both suspected fish poisonings and poisoned fish have significantly declined, and analyses now mostly involve spot checks of catches. ‘Baseline’ studies of fish, zooplankton, algae and benthic mussels, as well as water samples, from the lake were also carried out. Pesticide residues were not found in any of these samples. These results suggest that the potential threat to the Kinneret from pesticide residues is at present relatively low. The Kinneret Limnological Laboratory pesticide monitoring programme has been, at least partially, instrumental in reducing pesticide contamination (accidental or otherwise) of water or fish, in the lake and watershed. In the light of possible changes in agricultural practices and water management policies in the north of Israel, however, this programme will be continually updated to avoid any deterioration in the current situation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"42 4","pages":"Pages 373-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90020-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90827883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
The use of acid insoluble residue to correct for the presence of soil-derived metals in the gut of earthworms used as bio-indicator organisms 使用酸不溶性残留物来纠正蚯蚓肠道中土壤衍生金属的存在,作为生物指示生物
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90034-6
E.A. Stafford , S.P. McGrath
{"title":"The use of acid insoluble residue to correct for the presence of soil-derived metals in the gut of earthworms used as bio-indicator organisms","authors":"E.A. Stafford ,&nbsp;S.P. McGrath","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90034-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90034-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of acid insoluble residue (AIR) as a marker fraction in the soil is proposed for correcting measurements of the heavy metals: Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb in earthworm samples to eliminate the contribution from soil in the earthworm gut. Five species of earthworm were kept for 15 days on four experimental soils which contained different levels of Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb. Results of heavy metal concentrations in earthworm tissue obtained after calculation using the correction based on AIR content were compared statistically with results obtained by other methods. In the majority of soil/earthworm combinations no significant difference emerged between the calculated results and those obtained after dissection of earthworm samples, suggesting that the correction using AIR content provides a suitable method for estimating levels of heavy metals present in earthworm tissue.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"42 3","pages":"Pages 233-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90034-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90236927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Field evidence for an acid rain effect on lichens 酸雨对地衣影响的实地证据
Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0143-1471(86)90097-8
O.L. Gilbert
{"title":"Field evidence for an acid rain effect on lichens","authors":"O.L. Gilbert","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90097-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90097-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Field evidence for an acid rain effect on lichens at two sites in Northern England is presented. Well established populations of <em>Lobaria pulmonaria</em> on oak, and <em>Sticta limbata</em> on ash trees in remote rural areas were observed to decline to the point of extinction. This was accompanied by bark acidification. Only lichens containing a blue-green algal component and growing in habitats poorly buffered on the acid side were affected. This phenomenon is discussed in the context of general acid rain effects on lichens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100483,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution Series A, Ecological and Biological","volume":"40 3","pages":"Pages 227-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90097-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84203653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 79
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