Energy Storage and Saving最新文献

{"title":"Thermal characteristics of melting of a phase change material enhanced by a stainless-steel 304 periodic structure","authors":"Chunrong Zhao ,&nbsp;Michael Opolot ,&nbsp;Patrick Keane ,&nbsp;Ji Wang ,&nbsp;Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Frank Bruno ,&nbsp;Simone Mancin ,&nbsp;Kamel Hooman","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2023.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2023.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, melting of a high-temperature inorganic phase change material (PCM) eutectic (with a melting point of 569 °C) within a vertical cylindrical tank has been experimentally investigated. To promote the heat transfer rate, a periodic structure that is constructed by a commercial SS-304 mesh screen has been considered and immersed into the PCM tank. Thermal characteristics of the PCM-periodic structure tank under different initial temperatures (450, 490 and 546 °C) and wall temperatures (620, 640, 660, 680 and 700 °C), are then investigated and reported. The presented experimental data can facilitate practical engineers to find the best operating condition of similar PCM tanks; meanwhile, it can also be employed for the investigation of thermal response of transient heat conduction before melting starts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 442-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50192834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study and numerical analysis of vacuum thermal characteristics of brush DC motor","authors":"Tao Li,&nbsp;Tao Feng,&nbsp;Yaoting Wang,&nbsp;Xiangyang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brush direct current (DC) motors have several qualities that make them very attractive for space flight applications. Considering the high reliability requirements of aerospace missions, the thermal characteristics and thermal failure of the brush DC motor in the space environment were studied. Using a motor thermal resistance network model, a special thermal test method was determined and combined with a thermal conductivity analysis model, the thermal parameters were obtained via item-by-item stripping, and the motor temperature field was constructed. By introducing the arc discharge factor to evaluate the electric-corrosion heat consumption, the numerical analysis results were in good agreement with the test results under the conditions of stalled rotor, normal rotation, single brush, and multiple brushes. The analysis and test results show that continuous operation for 110 s will lead to melting of the brush solder joints, and electrical corrosion heat consumption is one of the main factors that cannot be ignored. The reliability model of vacuum applications should be established in the normal working mode of at least two brushes in both the positive and negative electrodes. To improve the reliability, a sealed air-filled structure of the motor was proposed, a heat-flow co-simulation model of a continuous medium flow with a large curvature and constant without a gravity field was established, and the temperature and velocity fields under different sealed pressures were obtained. The results show that the temperature of the single brush reduced to below 140 °C from 204.5 °C in vacuum, which can meet the long-term continuous working requirement of high reliability of brush motors in space missions. In addition, it was found that with the decrease in pressure, the effect of convective heat transfer gradually weakens, the temperature gradually increases and converges to the unique heat conduction process of the gas, while the effect of convection is negligible. As the pressure continues to decrease, the sealed gas evolves from continuous medium flow to transitional and free molecular flow, and the heat conduction effect of the gas weakens again until it approaches the singleness solid conduction process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 459-466"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50192756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation of a latent cold storage system using shell-and-tube unit","authors":"Bilal Lamrani ,&nbsp;Aicha Belcaid ,&nbsp;Badr Eddine Lebrouhi ,&nbsp;Tarik El Rhafiki ,&nbsp;Tarik Kousksou","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2023.02.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2023.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of cold thermal storage systems in low-temperature industrial applications is considered one of the most promising ways of improving energy efficiency and reducing the use of power during peak periods. In this study, the thermal performance of a shell-and-tube cold storage system under realistic operating conditions is investigated numerically. The proposed model is developed based on energy balances and then validated using existing experimental data from the literature. Glycol/water is used as the heat transfer fluid (HTF) and the phase transition phenomena in the phase change material (PCM) is simulated using the enthalpy–porosity approach. The influence of several design and operating parameters, including the HTF mass flow rate, HTF temperature, PCM type, and volume, on the cold storage performance during the crystallization process is presented and analyzed. The numerical results show that increasing the HTF mass flow rate accelerates the PCM crystallization process. However, the delivery periods of constant thermal power and constant HTF outlet temperature are reduced. The HTF inlet temperature has a significant effect on the cold storage performance, and the complete charging period is reduced by approximately 37% when the HTF inlet temperature is reduced from −4 °C to −7 °C. Increasing the number of tubes in the cold storage unit is concluded to significantly improve the thermal performance of the system, and using water/ice as a cold storage medium is more suitable than using the commercial PCMs RT2-HC and RT4-HC. Finally, the proposed numerical model for cold storage systems can be successfully used to design and simulate their realistic operation under different conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 467-477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50192757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China’s role in scaling up energy storage investments","authors":"Lei Bian","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2023.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2023.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accelerating the planning and development of a new power system that is more renewable energy-based is a strategic priority of achieving “dual carbon” goals (peaking carbon emissions before 2030 and becoming carbon neutral before 2060) in China. The large-scale development of energy storage technologies will address China’s flexibility challenge in the power grid, enabling the high penetration of renewable sources. This article intends to fill the existing research gap in energy storage technologies through the lens of policy and finance. Results indicate that policy uncertainties in renewable energy might undermine domestic investor confidence in energy storage technologies, while insufficient economic incentives may crowd out private sector participation. Drawing on international best practices, blended concessional finance, supported by development partners, can play a significant role in closing energy storage financing gaps in China and in countries of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). To deliver on China’s domestic and international climate commitments, this article makes three policy recommendations: (1) moving forward with a carbon pricing agenda that incentivizes energy storage investments in China; (2) tapping the potential of the domestic capital market to close financing gaps for novel energy storage technologies; (3) scaling up energy storage supply chains in BRI countries through multilateral cooperation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 415-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50192835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of active and passive equipment for advanced pressurized water reactor on thermal hydraulic and source term behavior in severe accidents","authors":"Jishen Li ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extensive studies have been carried out on the behavior of core degradation and fission products of common pressurized water reactors (PWRs). However, few of them have investigated the relationship between thermal hydraulic and fission product behavior in advanced passive PWRs. Due to the impact of thermal hydraulic behaviors in different accident sequences on the release and transportation of fission products, an integrated severe accident analysis (ISAA) code with highly coupled thermal hydraulic and source term calculations is required to simultaneously analyze thermal hydraulic and source term behavior. For advanced passive PWRs, important safety systems that may affect the behavior of the core and fission products should be considered. It is therefore necessary to simulate the thermal hydraulic and fission product behavior of advanced passive PWRs. In this study, the ISAA code is adopted to simulate the occurrence of a hypothetical double ended cold leg LBLOCA of HPR1000 in three scenarios of equipment failure. The results show that the high-temperature fuel rods and cladding materials exhibit delayed failure at the lower position of the active core, whereas earlier failure at higher position during the reflooding. Active and passive equipment affects fuel temperature, the oxidation conditions of the fuel, the interaction of fission products and structural materials, and the state of the fuel, thereby affecting the release of fission products in the fuel. HPR1000 only relies on passive equipment to relieve the core degradation in severe accidents, realize the in-vessel retention of melt, and eliminate the ex-vessel release possibility of fission product. It is hoped that the results can provide references for HPR1000 to formulate the severe accident management guidelines (SAMG).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 392-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of assembly pressure on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell","authors":"Zhuo Zhang,&nbsp;Wen-Quan Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2023.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2023.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The assembly force is a crucial factor in the process of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacking, and has significant effects on the fluid flow, mass transfer, and water and thermal management, which affect the fuel cell performance. In this study, from the most deformable component, the gas diffusion layer (GDL), combining with a finite-element analysis, and computational fluid dynamic method, the impact of the assembly force on a single-channel PEMFC is analyzed. A nonlinear stress–strain curve obtained from a microanalysis is creatively introduced into the two-dimensional compression model. The gas diffusion coefficient in the three-dimensional model is also obtained from the microscopic simulation. The simulated effective oxygen diffusion coefficient of the compressed GDL is approximately 0.86 times the Bruggemann estimated value. When the contact resistance is ignored, the output voltage at 2.5 MPa is decreased by approximately 15.4% at 1.7 A·cm⁻² compared with that at 0.5 MPa. After the contact resistance is considered, the effects of the assembly pressure on the cell performance (<em>V–I</em> curve) are qualitatively different. The pressure drop of the 2.5 MPa case is 20% higher than that of the 1.4 MPa case at 1.7 A cm⁻². O₂ is hard to flow into the region under the rib where the porosity and permeability are lower. The results indicate that both liquid water and membrane water contents increase when the assembly force increases. The effect of the assembly force on the temperature is also analyzed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 359-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49884198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic potentials of energy storage technologies in electricity markets with renewables","authors":"Yunpeng Xiao ,&nbsp;Wenqi Wu ,&nbsp;Xiuli Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Qu ,&nbsp;Jianglong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2022.10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2022.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing penetration of renewables in power systems urgently entails the utilization of energy storage technologies. As the development of energy storage technologies depends highly on the profitability in electricity markets, to evaluate the economic potentials for various types of energy storage technologies under the comprehensive market environment is of great significance. To this end, this study aims at conducting a quantitative analysis on the economic potentials for typical energy storage technologies by establishing a joint clearing model for electric energy and ancillary service (AS) markets considering the operating features of energy storage systems (ESSs). Furthermore, a test system is adopted for numerical analysis that accurately represents for the real-world operation characteristics of power systems in China, with which the market prices, and operation schedules and profitability of ESSs are comparatively studied. The proposed methodology and results could provide beneficial references for the modifications on electricity markets and the development of ESSs towards the increasing penetration of renewables in power systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 370-391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49884197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable energy integration with energy storage and energy saving technologies: SDEWES special issue in 2021","authors":"Wenxiao Chu ,&nbsp;Neven Duić ,&nbsp;Qiuwang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2022.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2022.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 16th conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES) has been successfully held on October 10−15, 2021 in Dubrovnik, Croatia. The Chair as well as the initiator of SDEWES series, Prof. Neven Duic, who is the professor in the University of Zagreb, Croatia, serves as the associate editor of <em>Energy Storage and Saving</em> (ENSS), and this special issue (SI) is the first-time collaboration between SDEWES and ENSS. A total of 6 papers were selected for publication. This SI in ENSS mainly addressed the topics related to sustainable energy application (e.g., solar photovoltaic, wind and biomass energy), residual reuse, energy saving of direct heating and cooling, thermal energy storage integration and heat exchanger optimization. The series of SDEWES conference provides a good platform to discuss the most recent development in advanced technologies, methods for distinguished researchers in the field of sustainable energy utilization, energy exploitation, energy policy, etc., which has rich experience on soliciting high-quality manuscript. ENSS, which is an international, peer-reviewed Open Access journal, has established the SI for the 17th SDEWES in 2022, and will go on to cooperate with the SDEWES series in 2023. Manuscripts are welcomed to the 18th SDEWES held in Dubrovnik, Croatia on September 24−29, 2023.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 325-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerating electron transport in Eosin Y by bidentately bridging on BaSnO3 for noble-metal-free photocatalytic H2 production","authors":"Jinwen Shi ,&nbsp;Huaiyu Lu ,&nbsp;Xing Kang ,&nbsp;Lulu Hou ,&nbsp;Feng Chen ,&nbsp;Yazhou Zhang ,&nbsp;Kang Chen ,&nbsp;Xiao Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangjiu Guan ,&nbsp;Lijing Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2022.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2022.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The separation and transport of photogenerated carriers is regarded as a curial factor in photocatalytic H₂ production. As known in solar cells and photoelectron-chemistry, to strengthen the electron conduction for effective utilization of carriers, the electron transport material (ETM) is widely applied. Herein, inspired by the function of ETM, we adopted barium stannate (BaSnO₃, labeled as BSO) as an excellent ETM which had the merits of high electron mobility, suitable conduction band position and simple preparation, to adjust the carrier kinetics of dye Eosin Y (EY)-sensitized photocatalytic system. Detailly, the photocatalytic system with the spatial separation sites of photogenerated carriers excitation and water reduction reaction was elaborately constructed, that was, dye EY-sensitized BSO (EY/BSO) for photocatalytic H₂ production. The photocatalytic H₂-production rate of EY/BSO (257 μmol·h⁻¹·g_EY⁻¹) in the absence of noble metals was 28.6 times higher than that of single EY (∼9 μmol·h⁻¹·g_EY⁻¹) under visible-light irradiation. With systematic and comprehensive characterizations, the formed electron transport channel by the bidentate bridging of EY on BSO could accelerate the transfer of photogenerated electrons from EY to BSO, promoting the effective separation of photogenerated carriers for the enhanced photocatalytic performance. Moreover, the water reduction reaction for H₂ production proceeded on the surface of BSO that acted as the H₂-evolution cocatalyst, avoiding the use of high-cost noble metals. Furthermore, based on the well-proved ETM-based concept in the EY/BSO system, La-doped BaSnO₃ (LBSO) with better electron transport ability was adopted to construct EY/LBSO system (344 μmol·h⁻¹·g_EY⁻¹) which showed better photocatalytic activity than EY/BSO.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 328-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical prediction of spatio-temporal frosting patterns of curved surface considering varying working parameters","authors":"Xue Liu,&nbsp;Xiaojun Dong,&nbsp;Shaohang Yan,&nbsp;Yu Hou,&nbsp;Tianwei Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2022.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enss.2022.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate numerical prediction of frosting patterns is essential for the efficient layout and timing defrosting of heat exchangers under frosting conditions. In this study, a numerical model is developed to predict the spatio-temporal frosting habits on curved surfaces in combination with the correlations of frost density and thermal conductivity. In the model, frost melting is considered. After verification, the frosting and heat transfer characteristics along the flow path are investigated under various structural and operating conditions. Frost thickness along the path is mainly affected by the cooling surface temperature, while the heat and mass transfer rates are strongly correlated with the humidity ratio. The proportions of latent heat and sensible heat are distributed more unevenly in parallel flow case than in counter flow case. Frost deposition is facilitated by a smaller radius of curvature of the cooling surface. More uniform frosting characteristics along the path and smaller heat transfer obstruction are presented with a smaller length-to-height ratio of the flow path.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 348-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49884195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}