Energy Storage and Saving最新文献

{"title":"A review on recent development and applications of nano-enhanced phase change material in thermal management system","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar Gupta,&nbsp;Soni Kumari,&nbsp;Ajay Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global efforts have focused on innovative energy storage and management solutions, thermal energy storage (TES) systems have emerged as a key area of interest, driven by the unique capacity of phase change materials (PCMs) to efficiently store and release thermal energy during phase changes. However, traditional PCMs suffer from low thermal conductivity, supercooling, and phase segregation, which limit their practical application. This review explores recent advancements in nano-enhanced phase change materials (NEPCMs), which integrate nanoparticles such as metal oxides (e.g., Al₂O₃ and CuO), carbon-based materials (e.g., graphene and carbon nano tubes), and hybrid nanostructures to overcome these limitations. Despite significant progress, a research gap persists in addressing nanoparticle agglomeration, long-term stability, and scalability for widespread adoption. The purpose of this evaluation was to consolidate recent developments, focusing on the synthesis, characterization, and applications of NEPCMs in thermal energy management systems. The objective was to evaluate how nanoparticles enhance PCM thermophysical properties while pinpointing obstacles and potential pathways for future research. The novelty of this review lies in consolidating the advancements in NEPCM synthesis, characterization, and applications, highlighting diverse nanomaterials and preparation techniques to enhance the thermophysical properties while identifying scalable, sustainable solutions for thermal management systems.The review concludes that NEPCMs significantly improve thermal performance, with examples such as 5 wt.% graphene nanoplatelets increasing thermal conductivity by 336% in bio-based PCMs and 1% SiO₂-Al₂O₃ enhancing specific heat by 57% in NaNO₃-KNO₃. However, challenges such as cost-effectiveness and environmental impact necessitate further research on hybrid nanostructures and bio-based PCMs for sustainable and scalable TES solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148572694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric investigation on shell-side thermohydraulic performance in spiral-wound heat exchangers","authors":"Baojun Wang,&nbsp;Xiaolong Bi,&nbsp;Nannan Sun,&nbsp;Xuejiao Zhang,&nbsp;Tianhao Wang,&nbsp;Qiuwang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spiral-wound heat exchangers (SWHEs) exhibit high heat transfer efficiency, high-pressure resistance, and excellent thermal compensation capabilities. However, owing to the complex structure on shell-side SWHEs, it is challenging to determine precise structural design and structural optimization. In the present study, numerical simulation was employed to achieve the flow and temperature distributions on the shell-side SWHE, and the thermohydraulic mechanisms were analyzed. The effects of the spiral tube outer diameter, tube bundle radial interlayer spacing, spiral tube winding angle, and axial spacing between the tubes on the SWHE performance were investigated. The results indicate that both the temperature and velocity distributions of the shell-side fluid in the SWHEs exhibit non-uniform characteristics. Meanwhile, the heat transfer coefficient on the shell-side SWHE increased with the spiral tube outer diameter, whereas the pressure drop was rarely affected by the outer diameter. Furthermore, increasing the tube bundle radial interlayer spacing and axial spacing between pipes in the same layer simultaneously reduces the shell-side heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. As the winding angle increased, the shell-side heat transfer coefficient increased to a peak value and then declined, whereas the pressure loss showed a linearly decreasing trend.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical and economic assessment of a hybrid solar PV-grid geothermal system in arid climates","authors":"Yousef Gharbia,&nbsp;Javad Farrokhi Derakhshandeh","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the implementation of a combined geothermal and solar energy system tailored for space conditioning in arid climates, with Kuwait serving as the principal case study. The proposed system incorporates a water-source geothermal heat pump system coupled with a vertical borehole ground heat exchanger (VBGHE), supported by a hybrid photovoltaic (PV) system integrated with an electrical grid. The design is intended to serve a six-story residential building comprising two-bedroom apartments, where each unit is equipped with two geothermal heat pumps operating in conjunction with VBGHEs to maintain indoor temperatures of 22 °C during winter and 26 °C in summer. The performance of the system was assessed numerically by analyzing PV-grid hybrid configurations, both with and without battery storage components. To optimize thermal energy use and cost-effectiveness, TRNSYS 18 was used for detailed thermal simulations, while hybrid optimization of multiple energy resources (HOMER) Pro software was employed for comprehensive techno-economic analysis. The results demonstrate that the annual cooling demand of the apartment complex is significantly higher than its heating demand. Among the evaluated configurations, the hybrid PV-grid system without energy storage emerged as the most viable solution, supplying 55.7% of the electrical load through solar PV and the remaining 44.3% from the grid. This configuration reduced the total annual energy costs by 80%, achieving a competitive levelized cost of energy (COE) of 0.077 USD·kWh⁻¹ and a net present cost of 22,280 USD, with a 4.1% return on investment and a 12-year payback period. Furthermore, the hybrid system reduced CO₂ emissions by 2,100 kg·year⁻¹. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that the proposed system maintains a significantly lower COE than grid-supplied electricity across all scenarios, including the least favorable conditions. Beyond these economic advantages, the system provides substantial environmental benefits through measurable reductions in CO₂ emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inertial delay-based performance model for regenerative vehicle dampers","authors":"Subhankar Chakraborty,&nbsp;Santanu Sharma,&nbsp;Rupam Goswami","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive mathematical model of a regenerative dual-clutch rack and pinion (DCRP) damper for automotive applications, emphasizing the impact of system delay on energy recovery. Unlike conventional hydraulic dampers, the DCRP system offers energy regeneration capabilities, which are inherently limited by inertial system delay. The model identifies a trade-off between ride comfort and regeneration, where high-frequency excitation can lead to instability and discomfort due to the sixth-order unstable nature of the system. Simulation results demonstrate that an increase in delay angle by 10° reduces the regeneration bandwidth by 3 mHz, and the critical frequency beyond which the damper behaves like a traditional hydraulic damper drops by 2.95 mHz. Additionally, with every 1 Ω rise in external resistance, the damping sensitivity decreases linearly by 16.90 N·rad^-1·Hz^-1. The fraction of energy recovered primarily depends on the inertial delay parameter (α), which is material-dependent, and the external load resistance (<em>R_e</em>), which can be tuned electronically for adaptive control. Validation against experimental energy fraction data confirms the model's reliability despite minor mechanical losses and gear backlash. This work highlights the importance of optimizing delay and resistance parameters in DCRP damper design to balance energy harvesting and vehicle stability. The findings serve as a foundation for developing advanced regenerative suspension systems, especially in electric vehicles where energy efficiency is a paramount.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of renewable energy management using machine learning and genetic algorithms","authors":"Afeez Showole,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahwaiz Afaqui","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to develop an optimized energy management system (EMS) that effectively integrates photovoltaic (PV) energy and load forecasting with intelligent control strategies to reduce energy costs and grid dependency. The increasing integration of intermittent renewable energy sources, particularly solar power, into energy systems poses challenges in maintaining the supply demand balance and minimizing energy waste. Without advanced control, substantial portions of the generated energy are lost and the energy demand during peak hours remains unmet. This study employs machine learning models namely random forest for PV forecasting and linear regression for load prediction, to enable accurate energy forecasting. These forecasts are embedded into a genetic algorithm (GA)-optimized EMS framework that dynamically manages battery usage, load shifting, and grid interaction. Simulations were conducted to evaluate the system performance under real-world conditions. The optimized EMS reduced the grid dependency by 39.29% and decreased the energy costs by 35.14%. It effectively utilized surplus PV energy, minimized energy waste, and improved the battery and grid coordination. Without the EMS, 40% of the energy is wasted, and 45.45% of the demand remains unmet during peak periods. The results demonstrated the potential of intelligent EMS frameworks to enhance energy efficiency, ensure supply reliability, and support sustainability goals. The model is scalable and adaptable to various energy environments, including smart grids and decentralized systems. By integrating accurate forecasting with GA-based control, the proposed EMS offers a practical and cost-effective solution for optimizing renewable energy management, reducing reliance on non-renewable sources, and promoting energy self-sufficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An optimal sizing framework for renewable energy microgrids considering stationary batteries & electric vehicles as mobile energy storage systems: Case study in Morocco","authors":"Oumaima Mahir,&nbsp;Oussama Ziadi,&nbsp;Abdelilah Rochd,&nbsp;Hicham Ghennioui,&nbsp;Bouthaina El barkouki,&nbsp;Mohamed Laamim","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.07.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources poses a significant challenge to the stability of energy systems. This challenge is exacerbated by the increasing global demand and low-carbon transition requirements. This paper introduces the development of a novel framework for the optimal sizing and dispatch of energy in a grid-connected microgrid. The proposed model incorporates solar photovoltaic (PV), stationary energy storage systems, and mobile storage systems utilizing vehicle-to-grid technology. A mixed integer linear programming algorithm was implemented using the open energy modeling framework to minimize system costs and emissions while maintaining reliability and improving efficiency. The framework was validated through a case study applied to a building of the green energy park research platform. The results demonstrate a competitive levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of approximately 0.85 MAD·kWh⁻¹, with a renewable energy share of approximately 96%. Hybrid storage inclusion significantly decreases dependence on the grid, enhances energy self-sufficiency, and minimizes the total annual cost (TAC) to 441,403.81 MAD. The inclusion of hybrid storage significantly reduced grid dependence, enhanced energy self-sufficiency, and lowered TAC to 441,403.81 MAD. It also contributes to system flexibility, with electric vehicle batteries supplying 6.6% of total energy production. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis indicates that projected cost declines in PV systems and batteries could further reduce the LCOE to 0.5 MAD·kWh⁻¹ by 2030 and 0.3 MAD·kWh⁻¹ by 2050. These results underline the economic viability and environmental durability of the proposed microgrid design. This study supports the development of hybrid energy storage systems. This also contributes to the development of more efficient and sustainable energy solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the optimal model and parameters of the Th–U cycle nuclei","authors":"Abel B. Olorunsola,&nbsp;Olumide O. Ige,&nbsp;Mathew O. Ayemowa,&nbsp;Emmanuel J. Adoyi,&nbsp;Tajudeen O. Adeeko,&nbsp;Damilola S. Samson","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent developments in the advanced reactor concept have renewed interest in the Th–U fuel cycle. This interest stems from its potential advantages over the traditional U–Pu fuel cycle, particularly in mitigating the major health concerns associated with long-lived nuclear waste. Unfortunately, thorium fuel has been suffering from the quality of nuclear data for the relevant isotopes as a result of inadequate attention previously given to the thorium fuel cycle. In some cases, the nuclear reaction data uncertainties are larger than the target accuracies required by the nuclear plant designer. This study provides an improved and accurate cross-section of ²³²Th, ^231,232Pa, and ^233,235U, which play vital roles in the ²³²Th–²³³U fuel cycles. Statistical modeling code (EMPIRE 3.2.3) was used with a combination of phenomenological models to obtain cross-sections to fit the available experimental data and the existing evaluated library. If reliable predictions of the reaction cross-sections are to be realized, the fission cross-section at lower energies remains a region for improvement. However, the cross-sections were predicted at a lower energy, where the experiments are difficult to conduct. This supports the need for an improved cross-section of isotopes that are relevant to the Th–U fuel cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green innovations and clean energy: a regional exploration of their dual impact on global ecological sustainability","authors":"Abdul Salam Maftoon,&nbsp;Kiran Afzal,&nbsp;Abdul Razzaq,&nbsp;Wasim Abbas Shaheen","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of green technology innovation (GTI) and renewable energy consumption (REC) on the ecological footprint (EFP) of 126 countries over the period 2001–2022, employing a dynamic panel data approach using the two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation. By conducting a cross-regional analysis covering seven global regions, this study revealed significant heterogeneity in the environmental outcomes of green technological efforts. The findings reveal that, while GTI fosters technological advancement, it may paradoxically increase EFP through the rebound effect, particularly in rapidly industrializing economies. Conversely, REC consistently contributes to reducing EFP by promoting a transition to cleaner energy sources. These results underscore the need for region-specific policy strategies to maximize the ecological benefits of green technologies. Achieving sustainable development requires a balanced integration of technological innovation and renewable energy adoption tailored to the regional context. This study distinguishes itself by integrating a dynamic panel approach with cross-regional perspectives, offering nuanced policy insights to advance global environmental sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimal sizing of EV charging stations and PV systems in residential buildings","authors":"Abdelhak Borhani,&nbsp;Hamid Ouadi","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid growth of the electric vehicle (EV) market has made the widespread development of residential charging stations inevitable. Simultaneously, integrating a photovoltaic (PV) system into a residential parking facility not only reduces charging-related electricity costs but also alleviates stress on the main power grid. In this study, a new sizing strategy was developed to optimize both EV charging stations and PV systems for residential parking, addressing the critical challenge of aligning the infrastructure supply with the evolving demand for EV charging. A multi-objective optimization approach was employed: (1) to minimize the combined energy bill and investment costs; (2) to quantify and reduce the mismatch between EV power demand and charging station supply, which was a novel metric introduced as part of this work; (3) to enhance the quality of service (QoS) for EV users. Specific residential constraints, including limited parking space and contracted power capacity, are also considered. To solve the complex multi-objective problem, a metaheuristic method was used, and clustering analysis was applied to support stakeholder decision making. The proposed strategy was evaluated using a QoS-constrained sizing optimization method. It achieves approximately 27% lower energy and infrastructure costs. In addition, significant reductions in global greenhouse gas emissions were obtained owing to PV integration, amounting to a 31% decrease compared to the reference method. Furthermore, a more strategic charger allocation was enabled by combining slow and fast chargers to improve charging efficiency and user convenience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of cool and thermal paints on the cooling and heating loads in various climates","authors":"Saeed Golkar,&nbsp;Mehdi Baneshi,&nbsp;Amirhossein Fathi","doi":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enss.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of cool and thermal paints on the cooling and heating loads of an office building was investigated under three distinct four-season climatic conditions at different geographic latitudes. It has been observed that reductions in one type of thermal load may be accompanied by compensatory increases in another. Cool paints have been found to be particularly effective in decreasing cooling energy demands in warmer climates, whereas the application of thermal paints to interior surfaces has been shown to enhance the heating efficiency in colder regions. The combined utilization of both types of paint is proposed as an adaptable and climate-responsive strategy for improving overall building energy performance, with considerable implications for sustainable architectural practices. To assess the effectiveness of these strategies, an engineering-based simulation model was developed and implemented using EnergyPlus software. The model was applied to an eight-story ABFA administrative building in Shiraz, Iran. Furthermore, the same building configuration was modeled for Tabriz (cold and dry climate) and Ahvaz (extremely hot climate). Multiple scenarios involving various applications of cool and thermal paints were examined. In Tabriz, the optimal scenario resulted in a 3.56% reduction in the total annual energy load, corresponding to 3.22 kWh·m⁻²·yr⁻¹. For Shiraz, the most effective configuration achieved a 5.0% reduction (4.15 kWh·m⁻²·yr⁻¹). In Ahvaz, a 3.6% decrease in total energy demand (3.21 kWh·m⁻²·yr⁻¹) was attained through the implementation of cool paint on the building’s exterior envelope. These findings underscore the context-dependent performance of paint-based passive strategies in enhancing energy efficiency across different climatic zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100472,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage and Saving","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148573038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}