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Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging最新文献

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MR Imaging of the Ankle and Hindfoot 踝关节和后脚的MR成像
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2008-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia2501s015
J. Bencardino, Z. Rosenberg
{"title":"MR Imaging of the Ankle and Hindfoot","authors":"J. Bencardino, Z. Rosenberg","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2501s015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142719.mia2501s015","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the diagnostic modality of choice for evaluation of traumatic ligamentous and tendinous injuries of the ankle and hindfoot. MRI is also valuable in the detection of occult bony trauma, osteochondral injuries, avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis, and a variety of other osseous conditions. This unit presents basic protocols for T1‐ and T2‐weighted sequences and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) imaging. Additional imaging following intravenous gadolinium is indicated in selected cases.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73451414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
MR Imaging of the Midfoot and Forefoot 中足和前足的MR成像
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2008-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia2502s15
J. Bencardino, Z. Rosenberg
{"title":"MR Imaging of the Midfoot and Forefoot","authors":"J. Bencardino, Z. Rosenberg","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2502s15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142719.mia2502s15","url":null,"abstract":"MR imaging is the diagnostic modality of choice for the evaluation of traumatic, inflammatory and neoplastic processes affecting the midfoot and forefoot soft tissue structures including muscles, ligaments, and tendons. MR imaging is also valuable in the diagnosis of occult bony trauma, stress reaction or fractures, and osteomyelitis. Exquisite contrast resolution, noninvasiveness, and multiplanar capabilities are unique features that make MR imaging a powerful diagnostic technique. The authors employ a basic protocol using T1‐weighted, fast spin echo proton density with and without frequency‐selective fat saturation, and fast spin echo T2‐weighted sequences as well as short‐tau inversion recovery (STIR) imaging. Additional imaging following intravenous gadolinium administration is indicated when osteomyelitis and neoplastic processes are suspected. Post‐contrast fat‐suppressed T1‐weighted sequences are necessary if intravenous or intra‐articular gadolinium is utilized.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86436951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Head and Neck MRA at 3.0T 头颈部MRA 3.0T
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2008-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia0708s15
Matt A. Bernstein, J. Huston
{"title":"Head and Neck MRA at 3.0T","authors":"Matt A. Bernstein, J. Huston","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0708s15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142719.mia0708s15","url":null,"abstract":"3.0T MRI scanners are becoming more widely used in clinical practice, particularly for neurological applications. The increased signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) provided by 3.0T compared to 1.5T is particularly useful for applications like magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). A protocol to image the intracranial circulation with 3‐D time of flight (3DTOF), and a protocol to image the carotid, vertebral, and basilar arteries with contrast‐enhanced MRA are presented. The increased SNR at 3.0T is used to increase the spatial resolution. For the 3DTOF exam, the acquisition time is also reduced with the use of parallel imaging.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90442502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coronary MRA 冠状动脉血管摄影
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2008-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia1105s15
V. Deshpande, Debiao Li
{"title":"Coronary MRA","authors":"V. Deshpande, Debiao Li","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia1105s15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/0471142719.mia1105s15","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary X‐ray angiography is the gold standard for coronary artery imaging, but is an invasive procedure, with a minor risk of potentially serious complications in addition to the drawback of exposure to ionizing radiation. Coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a noninvasive method of imaging the coronary arteries, with no known adverse effects. In addition to morphologic evaluation of coronary artery disease with coronary MRA, cardiac MRI offers exciting possibilities to study the functional significance of coronary artery disease in the same setting. Three widely used coronary MRA approaches are presented‐‐two free‐breathing navigator‐gated methods, and a breath‐hold method. Although the positive predictive value of coronary MRA for detecting stenoses remains lower than that of X‐ray angiography, coronary MRA can reliably detect anomalous origins of coronary arteries, and has a high negative predictive value for stenoses. In conclusion, coronary MRA is a promising tool to study coronary artery disease.","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85235250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Masses of the Elbow and Forearm 肘部和前臂的肿块
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia2702s14
Jana Crain, Charles Ho
{"title":"Masses of the Elbow and Forearm","authors":"Jana Crain,&nbsp;Charles Ho","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2702s14","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia2702s14","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This unit presents protocols for MR imaging of masess of the elbow using T1- and T2-weighted sequences. An alternative method using post-contrast images is also provided, which may help to differentiate cystic or necrotic lesions from solid masses by defining a nodular or peripheral enhancing component in a cystic lesion versus more diffuse enhancement in a solid mass.</p>","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia2702s14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74413741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nulling Signal of a Slice, Slice Select Profile, and Radiofrequency Power 片的零信号，片选择配置文件和射频功率
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mib0203s14
Yu-Chung Norman Cheng, E. Mark Haacke
{"title":"Nulling Signal of a Slice, Slice Select Profile, and Radiofrequency Power","authors":"Yu-Chung Norman Cheng,&nbsp;E. Mark Haacke","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mib0203s14","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mib0203s14","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This unit discusses nulling of remaining signal from a RF pulse prior to the next RF pulse. This is to avoid mixing leftover signal with the signal generated from the next RF pulse. The slice select profile is also discussed in detail. The power of the RF pulse and its limit imposed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mib0203s14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74298499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Magnetic Moment of a Spin, Its Equation of Motion, and Precession 自旋的磁矩，它的运动方程和进动
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mib0101s14
Yu-Chung Norman Cheng, E. Mark Haacke
{"title":"Magnetic Moment of a Spin, Its Equation of Motion, and Precession","authors":"Yu-Chung Norman Cheng,&nbsp;E. Mark Haacke","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mib0101s14","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mib0101s14","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This unit discusses the basic spin properties of the proton. The motion of a spin in an magnetic field that give rise to magnetic moment, is also discussed. The key to grasping much of MRI lies in understanding the concept of precession. Famous Bloch equation that basically leads to the description of the precession of a spin in the presence of an external magnetic field is also explained.</p>","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mib0101s14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79302276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radiofrequency Excitation 射频激励
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mib0202s14
Yu-Chung Norman Cheng, E. Mark Haacke
{"title":"Radiofrequency Excitation","authors":"Yu-Chung Norman Cheng,&nbsp;E. Mark Haacke","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mib0202s14","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mib0202s14","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This unit presents an in-depth discussion of the radiofrequency field, including how variations in the RF field will cause variations in image intensity that are independent of the physical spin density and the effect of slice select gradients.</p>","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mib0202s14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72911340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cerebral Infarct/Intracranial Cerebrovascular Disease 脑梗死/颅内脑血管病
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia0101s14
P. Ellen Grant, Pamela W. Schaefer, R. Gilberto Gonzalez
{"title":"Cerebral Infarct/Intracranial Cerebrovascular Disease","authors":"P. Ellen Grant,&nbsp;Pamela W. Schaefer,&nbsp;R. Gilberto Gonzalez","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0101s14","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0101s14","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Imaging goals for intracranial cerebral vascular disease are (1) to assess the degree of parenchymal injury and identify intraparenchymal hemorrhage; (2) to determine if there are areas of altered perfusion that may be at risk for future injury; and (3) to assess the intracranial arteries (patency as well as direction of flow). This unit describes a Basic Protocol that can be used to evaluate stable patients with acute, subacute, or chronic cerebrovascular symptoms. An Alternate Protocol is also given for cases of hyperacute strokes or cerebrovascular symptoms in an unstable patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia0101s14","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87147249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rule Out (R/O) Arteriovenous Malformation 排除动静脉畸形
Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pub Date : 2005-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/0471142719.mia0105s13
L. Kirkland Conrad, Steven Thibodeau, Ellen Grant
{"title":"Rule Out (R/O) Arteriovenous Malformation","authors":"L. Kirkland Conrad,&nbsp;Steven Thibodeau,&nbsp;Ellen Grant","doi":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0105s13","DOIUrl":"10.1002/0471142719.mia0105s13","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When imaging patients for intracranial arteriovenous malformations, the goals are: (1) to determine if an arteriovenous malformation is present; (2) to assess size, shape, and location of the nidus; (3) to determine potential arterial feeders and venous drainage routes (including screening for aneurysms on arterial feeders); and (4) to determine the state of the surrounding brain parenchyma, including the identification of intracranial hemorrhage. A post-contrast 3-D spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) sequence is used for sequences 1 to 3. Standard MR imaging sequences are used to evaluate the brain parenchyma. The protocol contained within this unit can be used for the evaluation of stable patients. In order to perform the optional sequences with perfusion and diffusion studies, a scanner with echoplanar capabilities is required; however, the standard anatomical MR imaging sequences included in the protocols do not require these faster gradients.</p>","PeriodicalId":100347,"journal":{"name":"Current Protocols in Magnetic Resonance Imaging","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/0471142719.mia0105s13","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87758255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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