Continence Reports最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and determinants of urinary incontinence among adult women in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a community-based cross-sectional study","authors":"Andy-Muller Luzolo Nzinga ,&nbsp;Tara Reman ,&nbsp;Raha Maroyi ,&nbsp;Denis Mukwege ,&nbsp;Véronique Feipel ,&nbsp;Jeanne Bertuit","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Urinary incontinence (UI) is defined as any complaint of involuntary urine leakage. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), no community-based data on UI prevalence among adult women are currently available. This study aims to determine the UI prevalence, the associated discomfort, and the risk factors among adult women in the DRC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between 2021 and 2023, involving 507 adult women across six provinces of the DRC. A multistage, geographically and ethnolinguistically stratified sampling approach was used. Pregnant or postpartum women ≤6 months, survivor of sexual violence and those with vesicovaginal fistulas were excluded. Data collection included the ICIQ-FLUTS questionnaire to assess urinary symptoms. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify the risk factors of UI (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of UI was 31 % (95 % CI: 27–35.2 %), with 51 % of affected women reporting associated discomfort. Urgency urinary incontinence (63.7 %; 95 % CI: 55.7–71.2) was more frequently reported than stress urinary incontinence (11.5 %; 95 % CI: 6.9–17.5). UI was independently associated with occupations involving high-intensity physical activity (aOR: 1.71; 95 % CI: 1.06–2.74), body mass index (aOR: 1.06; 95 % CI: 1.01–1.11), constipation (aOR: 2.64; 95 % CI: 1.48–4.70), episiotomy (aOR: 1.80; 95 % CI: 1.11–2.89), perineal tears (aOR: 1.77; 95 % CI: 1.01–3.20), and the practice of labia minora elongation (aOR: 2.29; 95 % CI: 1.23–4.28).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>UI is a multifactorial condition that affects one-third of adult women in the DRC and causes discomfort in nearly half of those affected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidisciplinary conferences to enhance care for pelvic floor dysfunction: A descriptive study at a tertiary center","authors":"Nouf Yahya Akeel ,&nbsp;Leila Neshatian ,&nbsp;Vipul Sheth ,&nbsp;Ekene Enemchukwu ,&nbsp;Sydni Au Hoy ,&nbsp;Brooke H. Gurland ,&nbsp;Stanford Pelvic Health Center Workgroup,&nbsp;Diana Atashroo ,&nbsp;Yosef Chodakiewitz ,&nbsp;Jimmy Dinh ,&nbsp;Haddas Elisha ,&nbsp;Patricia A. Garcia ,&nbsp;Jennifer M. Hah ,&nbsp;Ruth Hicks ,&nbsp;Negaur Iranpour ,&nbsp;Karen Jazmin ,&nbsp;Zaineh Khalil ,&nbsp;Michelle J. Khan ,&nbsp;Natalie N. Kirilcuk ,&nbsp;Kavita Mishra ,&nbsp;Molly O'Brien-Horn","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose/background</h3><div>The multidisciplinary approach to pelvic floor disorders has been shown to improve patient care outcomes but remains underutilized. This study aims to assess the utility of multidisciplinary meetings for pelvic floor patients by prospectively evaluating their impact on diagnosis, management, and treatment planning. The specific objectives are to improve diagnostic accuracy, optimize treatment plans, and facilitate efficient resource allocation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods/interventions</h3><div>This is a descriptive study conducted at a tertiary referral academic center. Multidisciplinary conferences were held monthly by a collaborative clinical team. The meetings aimed to: 1. Comprehensively review radiological findings. 2. Develop individualized care plans. 3. Optimize surgical plans and combined surgery. The patients were identified from the pelvic floor multidisciplinary database. \"Utility\" will be measured by metrics including: 1) Rate of amendment to radiology reports, indicating improved diagnostic accuracy; 2) Frequency of recommended further assessment or workup, reflecting enhanced care pathway definition; and 3) Documentation of changes to the initial treatment plan based on multidisciplinary discussion, showing impact on management.</div></div><div><h3>Results/outcomes</h3><div>Nineteen multidisciplinary meetings were conducted between August 2021 and May 2023, discussing 101 cases. The patients were categorized into prolapse (n = 41), functional disorders (n = 38), and miscellaneous (n = 22) groups. The prolapse group was classified into combined rectal and pelvic organ prolapse (n = 22), and isolated rectal prolapse (n = 19). After each case discussion, a comprehensive review note was created and incorporated into the patient's chart, facilitating the initiation of follow-up plans and the coordination of services. Radiology reports were amended in 18 cases (18 %), with the majority of revisions related to rectal prolapse (n = 15, 83 %). Further assessment and workup were recommended in 17 cases (17 %): prolapse (n = 5), miscellaneous (n = 9), and motility (n = 3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion/discussion</h3><div>This study suggests that multidisciplinary meetings are beneficial in complex pelvic health conditions. They correlate clinical assessment with radiological findings and inform individualized treatment plans, as evidenced by the rates of amended radiology reports and recommended further assessment/workup. Further research is needed to quantitatively assess the long-term clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of this approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application for high performance linear probe for transperineal ultrasound increases anatomic depiction of fascial slings","authors":"Eden Park ,&nbsp;Angela Gao ,&nbsp;Camille Haudebert ,&nbsp;Helen Moore ,&nbsp;Eva Fong","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) surgery has evolved through successive techniques, with synthetic mid-urethral slings dominating since the early 2000s [1]. The re-emergence of autologous fascial slings, due to mesh-related complications [2], has revived interest in non-mesh alternatives. Fascial slings carry a higher risk of post-operative voiding dysfunction [3, 4]. Ultrasound may offer a non-invasive method to evaluate sling morphology and position, aiding clinical decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed a standardized perineal ultrasound protocol for evaluating fascial sling position, morphology, and dynamic function. Examinations were performed using a GE Voluson E10 with linear, curved, 3D/4D, and transvaginal probes. Parameters measured included urethral length, sling location relative to urethra and bladder neck, sling morphology, sling-pubis and sling-lumen gaps, bladder neck position and mobility, urethral rotation, and bladder volumes. Dynamic manoeuvres (valsalva/coughing) were routinely performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty patients underwent ultrasound, with successful sling visualization in all cases. Morphological variations and abnormal sling positioning (e.g., embedding in urethra or bladder neck) were observed in patients with voiding dysfunction or persistent SUI. Sling-lumen and sling-pubis gap values varied between asymptomatic patients and those with obstruction or treatment failure. While preliminary findings suggest associations between ultrasound parameters and clinical outcomes, no definitive cut-off values can yet be established due to small case volume.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This standardized ultrasound protocol reliably identifies fascial slings and provides reproducible measurements of sling morphology and position. There are potential correlations with clinical outcomes, particularly in differentiating between effective sling function, obstruction, or treatment failure. Rather than defining cut-off values, this early work supports ultrasound as a useful adjunct to clinical and urodynamic assessment following fascial sling placement. Larger studies are required to establish validated thresholds for clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The safety and patients satisfaction of the urinary automatic catheter valve, Mirovalve® in patients with urinary catheter: A randomized clinical trial study","authors":"Hadi Mostafaei ,&nbsp;Sepideh Kiani ,&nbsp;Zahra Sheikhalipour ,&nbsp;Hamidreza Ashayeri ,&nbsp;Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr ,&nbsp;Sakineh Hajebrahimi","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant concern for catheterized patients. Catheter valves have been explored as an alternative to traditional drainage bags, with some studies suggesting improved comfort and a potential reduction in UTIs. This study investigated the Mirovalve®, an automatic catheter valve, in a randomized controlled trial. Our objective was to compare the safety, patient satisfaction, and UTI incidence between the Mirovalve® and standard drainage bags.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This randomized clinical trial involved 65 patients with urinary retention requiring catheterization, who were also using diapers due to their underlying condition. The study was conducted in the urology clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences after obtaining informed consent from eligible participants. Patients were randomly assigned to either the control group (urinary catheter connected to a drainage bag) or the therapy group (urinary catheter connected to the Mirovalve® automatic catheter valve). The primary outcomes were safety, assessed by urine culture results at the end of the three-week intervention, and patient satisfaction. Secondary outcomes included the incidence and nature of adverse events. A negative urine culture was confirmed before the study commenced.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All 65 participants completed the three-week follow-up. Patient satisfaction was significantly higher in the Mirovalve® group compared to the drainage bag group (P &lt; 0.001). A large majority of Mirovalve® users (73.6 %) reported being \"very\" or \"extremely\" satisfied, versus only 9.7 % of the drainage bag users. The overall incidence of adverse events was similar between the groups, although two patients in the Mirovalve® group experienced temporary acute urinary retention. The incidence of symptomatic UTIs was significantly lower in the Mirovalve® group (12.9 %) compared to the drainage bag group (46.2 %) (P = 0.025).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings indicate that the Mirovalve® automatic catheter valve is associated with significantly higher patient satisfaction and a lower incidence of UTIs compared to standard drainage bags. While both methods showed similar short-term safety profiles, the improved satisfaction with the Mirovalve® highlights its potential to enhance patient quality of life. These results suggest that the Mirovalve® is a valuable option for catheter-dependent patients, though further research is needed to confirm these findings over a longer duration and in more diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of endoanal ultrasound interpretation following Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury (OASI) with and without patients’ clinical data","authors":"Alexandre Cuérel ,&nbsp;Fabien Romito ,&nbsp;Estelle Abbet ,&nbsp;Chahin Achtari","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) occurs in approximately 3 % of vaginal births. OASI can cause long-term sequelae, such as dyspareunia, perineal pain, and incontinence to gas and stool. Endoanal ultrasound (EAUS) is the gold standard for diagnosing OASI.</div><div>The first aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of the interpretation of EAUS without knowledge of the clinical context (EchoA), with the interpretation of EAUS with knowledge of the clinical context (such as the grade of OASI observed immediately after delivery and the symptoms presented by the patient) (EchoC).</div><div>The second aim of this study is to describe the different characteristics of the patients and patients’ delivery and compare them to the existing literature.</div><div>The third objective of this study focuses on comparing interpretations from clinical ultrasound and anonymized ultrasound with the anorectal symptoms reported by patients during the postpartum consultation, during which the ultrasounds were performed.</div><div>We included 165 patients, reviewed postpartum several weeks after delivery at the urogynecology unit of the Centre universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2019, who experienced an OASI following childbirth at CHUV and the same examiner interpreted the printed ultrasound with clinical context (EchoC) and without clinical context (EchoA), in two different times.</div><div>A high level of agreement was observed in the assessment of the internal anal sphincter (IAS), with 90 % concordance between the two interpretations.</div><div>However, for the evaluation of the external anal sphincter (EAS), particularly in identifying the presence of an injury, agreement between the two interpretations was notably lower (&lt;50 %).</div><div>Clinical context remains necessary for accurately interpreting EAS injuries, but not necessarily for IAS evaluation.</div><div>We note the presence of several biases that limit the interpretation of the results, such as the possibility of over diagnosis of OASI at the time of delivery, undetected lesions on EAUS because of healing, or the involvement of only one examiner. We need new studies to confirm our results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-stage removal of three nonfunctioning sacral neuromodulation leads and reimplantation in a patient with chronic urinary retention: A case report","authors":"M. Gubbiotti ,&nbsp;A. Zucchi ,&nbsp;E. Rubilotta ,&nbsp;S. Rosadi","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a well-established therapy for non-obstructive urinary retention and overactive bladder. However, long-term complications and optimal management of nonfunctioning tined leads remain underreported. We present the case of a 54-year-old woman with a history of neurogenic bladder secondary to encephalomyelitis. Over a 10-year period, she underwent three SNM lead implantations (S3/S4 bilaterally) at different institutions, with progressive loss of therapeutic benefit and development of pelvic and lumbar pain, sensory deficits, and lower limb myoclonus. Imaging confirmed lead integrity, but clinical symptoms persisted. In a single-stage procedure, all three previous leads were removed, and a new tined lead was implanted at the left S3 foramen and connected to a new InterStim II generator. Postoperative results were excellent, with resolution of neuropathic symptoms and restoration of spontaneous voiding. The patient remained symptom-free at 12-month follow-up. This case supports the feasibility and efficacy of single-stage explantation of multiple SNM leads and reimplantation in patients with chronic SNM-related complications and device failure. Early consideration of simultaneous lead removal and reimplantation may prevent prolonged morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home uroflowmetry – Looking beyond the single flow test","authors":"Stefan De Wachter ,&nbsp;Eduard Van Beeck Morales ,&nbsp;Gunter De Win","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Home uroflowmetry (HUF) is a non-invasive method for assessing the lower urinary tract function by measuring urine flow rate and voided volume in a patient's home, outside of a clinical setting. For this narrative review, relevant studies were identified through a targeted PubMed search and complemented by the authors' clinical and research expertise. This review describes the innovational journey of HUF, from early funnel-based devices to the development of connected medical devices integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and digital bladder diaries. It also highlights how repeated measurements capture intra-individual variability in voiding, influenced by circadian rhythm and bladder filling, and compares the reliability and acceptability of home versus clinic-based testing. The review further outlines the potential clinical value of HUF in diagnosis and treatment decision-making, while noting the limited availability of outcome-based validation studies. Finally, the prospective directions are outlined, including technological advancements and the next steps required to achieve widespread clinical implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145623997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sacral nerve stimulation in sacral agenesis using 3D printing and intraoperative navigation: report of two cases and narrative review","authors":"Sara Nunes-Sequeira ,&nbsp;Filipe Abadesso Lopes ,&nbsp;Mafalda Franco Carneiro ,&nbsp;Lia Lucas-Neto ,&nbsp;Ricardo Pereira E Silva ,&nbsp;Alexandre Rainha Campos","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Caudal Regression Syndrome (CRS) is a rare malformation characterized by lumbosacral deformities and gastrointestinal/genitourinary and/or lower limb abnormalities. Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is an effective therapy for refractory gastrointestinal/genitourinary symptoms but lead implantation near the S3 roots is challenging in patients with sacral deformities due to the absence of standard fluoroscopic landmarks.</div></div><div><h3>Research question and case description</h3><div>We describe a method for percutaneous lead implantation in patients with sacral deformities, using preoperative 3D-printed anatomical replicas combined with intraoperative navigation. Our first two cases are reported.</div></div><div><h3>Case report</h3><div>Two CRS patients with sacral agenesis and refractory neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction underwent this procedure. Preoperative imaging was processed to create a 3D-printed sacrum, and the sacral roots were replicated using silicone threads. These models enabled anatomical analysis, target identification, and planning of the foramen entry point and introducer angle. The plan was integrated into the NN system, and awake surgery was performed with neurophysiological monitoring.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Intraoperatively, navigation allowed real-time visualization of the introducer's position and placement of the electrode at the desired location and depth. Correct positioning was confirmed by stimulation with a typical S3 response (hallux flexion and bellows reflex) and fluoroscopy. Both patients proceeded to permanent generator implantation with clinical improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion and conclusion</h3><div>The presence of a 3D replica improves the spatial understanding of sacral anatomy. Together with navigation, it can be used to overcome the technical challenge of placing SNM electrodes in patients with bony deformities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"16 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of intra-vaginal diazepam for pelvic floor hypertonic disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Dana Sawan ,&nbsp;Mersal Almanasif ,&nbsp;Sarah Alharshan ,&nbsp;Rasha Alanazi ,&nbsp;Sadeen Fallatah ,&nbsp;Wasan Alanazi ,&nbsp;Nora Aloufi","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High-tone pelvic floor dysfunction (HTPFD) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by involuntary spasms of the levator ani muscles, often resulting in pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and bladder or bowel dysfunction. It is frequently associated with syndromes such as vulvodynia, interstitial cystitis, and pelvic myofascial pain. Current treatment options, including pelvic floor physical therapy and pharmacologic interventions, have limited evidence supporting their efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the effectiveness of intra-vaginal diazepam suppositories in reducing pelvic floor muscle tone and alleviating associated symptoms in women with HTPFD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted per PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO. Women aged ≥18 years with EMG-confirmed HTPFD were randomized to receive either 10 mg of diazepam or placebo vaginal suppositories nightly for 28 days. Primary outcomes included changes in resting pelvic floor electromyography (EMG). Secondary outcomes evaluated sexual function, pain levels, and quality of life via validated questionnaires.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-one women were enrolled; 14 completed the trial (7 per arm). No statistically significant differences were observed between groups in resting EMG readings or subjective symptom scores. Both groups reported minor, non-significant improvements in pain and quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Current evidence is insufficient to determine the efficacy of intra vaginal diazepam for high tone pelvic floor dysfunction. Further large, well powered randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify its therapeutic role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trifecta outcomes in surgical treatment of male stress urinary incontinence","authors":"Andrey Tomilov ,&nbsp;Bagrat Grigoryan ,&nbsp;George Kasyan ,&nbsp;Evgeniy Veliev ,&nbsp;Dmitry Pushkar","doi":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.contre.2025.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objective</h3><div>Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) remains a significant challenge in male patients, particularly following prostate surgery. Despite advancements in surgical techniques and technologies, a standardized method for evaluating treatment success remains under discussion. This study aims to propose a conceptual and comprehensive model that incorporates three key outcomes: quality of life, urinary leakage control, and safety, to provide a structured approach to the assessment of surgical interventions for SUI.</div></div><div><h3>Evidence acquisition</h3><div>A literature review was conducted, focusing on clinical guidelines and outcome measures used in studies of SUI treatment. Key parameters were selected based on their relevance to patient satisfaction, clinical practice, and international standards, including the International Continence Society (ICS) and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The proposed trifecta model includes three essential criteria: (1) Quality of life, assessed by the Visual Numeric Scale (VNS) with scores of 0–2 indicating significant improvement; (2) Urinary leakage control, defined as “social continence” (use of 0–1 pad per day), reflecting practical success; and (3) Safety, evaluated by the absence of complications within 90 days postoperatively, aligning with standard follow-up timelines. This model addresses both objective and subjective outcomes. While it does not encompass long-term results, the trifecta is adaptable for extended evaluations at 1, 5, and 10 years and serves as a conceptual framework requiring future clinical validation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The proposed trifecta model suggests a patient-centered framework to evaluate the outcomes of surgical interventions for SUI. By addressing critical domains, it offers a structured method for clinical and research assessment. However, its clinical applicability requires confirmation through prospective validation in diverse patient cohorts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100330,"journal":{"name":"Continence Reports","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}