Cognitive Brain Research最新文献_第6页

A neurophysiological study of the detrimental effects of alprazolam on human action monitoring 阿普唑仑对人体活动监测有害影响的神经生理学研究

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.009

Jordi Riba , Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells , Thomas F. Münte , Manel J. Barbanoj

{"title":"A neurophysiological study of the detrimental effects of alprazolam on human action monitoring","authors":"Jordi Riba , Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells , Thomas F. Münte , Manel J. Barbanoj","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to adapt their behavior to different unexpected situations, humans need to be able to monitor their performance and detect and correct errors. Benzodiazepines have long been shown to impair performance in humans, but the performance-related neurophysiological processes targeted by these drugs remain largely unknown. In the present article, we assessed the impact of alprazolam administration on relevant aspects of action monitoring, i.e., the monitoring of response conflict and the detection and correction of errors by means of neurophysiological measures. Multichannel event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded to assess the impact of the benzodiazepine alprazolam (0.25 mg and 1.00 mg) on action monitoring and motor preparation in a group of twelve healthy male volunteers who participated in a double-blind cross-over placebo-controlled clinical trial involving a letter flanker task<span>. Error detection was evaluated using the error-related negativity (ERN); response conflict on correct trials was measured by means of the N2 amplitude difference between congruent and incongruent trials; motor preparation was assessed by means of the lateralized readiness potentials (LRPs); and post-error adjustments were assessed by measuring post-error slowing in reaction time. Alprazolam significantly reduced the amplitude of the ERN and the number of corrective responses and increased reaction time and LRP latencies. The drug had no effect on amplitude differences in the N2 component between congruent and incongruent trials or on post-error slowing. Thus, alprazolam was shown to affect brain correlates of error detection (ERN) and motor preparation (LRPs), while it did not disturb conflict monitoring on correct trials (N2) or post-error adjustments of behavior.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 554-565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25306285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 59

Mathematically gifted male adolescents activate a unique brain network during mental rotation 有数学天赋的男性青少年在心理旋转时激活了一个独特的大脑网络

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.004

Michael W. O'Boyle , Ross Cunnington , Timothy J. Silk , David Vaughan , Graeme Jackson , Ari Syngeniotis , Gary F. Egan

引用次数: 136

Free colour illustations in the online version of articles 免费彩色插图在文章的在线版本

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6410(05)00276-4

引用次数: 0

Brain Research Young Investigator Awards 脑研究青年研究者奖

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6410(05)00277-6

引用次数: 0

Now you see it, now you don't: Variable hemineglect in a commissurotomized man 现在你看到了，现在你看不到了:一个共产主义化的男人的可变半忽视

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.002

Michael C. Corballis , Paul M. Corballis , Mara Fabri , Aldo Paggi , Tullio Manzoni

{"title":"Now you see it, now you don't: Variable hemineglect in a commissurotomized man","authors":"Michael C. Corballis , Paul M. Corballis , Mara Fabri , Aldo Paggi , Tullio Manzoni","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We describe the case of a callosotomized man, D.D.V., who shows unusual neglect of stimuli in the left visual field (LVF). This is manifest in simple reaction time (RT) to stimuli flashed in the LVF and in judging whether pairs of filled circles in the LVF are of the same or different color. It may reflect strong left-hemispheric control and consequent attention restricted to the right side of space. It is not evident in simple RT when there are continuous markers in the visual fields to indicate the locations of the stimuli. In this condition, his RTs are actually faster to LVF than to right visual field (RVF) stimuli, suggesting a switch to right-hemispheric control that eliminates the hemineglect. Neglect is also not evident when D.D.V. responds by pointing to or touching the locations of the stimuli, perhaps because these responses are controlled by the dorsal rather than the ventral visual system. Despite his atypical manifestations of hemineglect, D.D.V. showed evidence of functional disconnection typical of split-brained subjects, including prolonged crossed–uncrossed different in simple reaction time, inability to match colors between visual fields, and enhanced redundancy gain in simple RT to bilateral stimuli even when the stimulus in the LVF was neglected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 521-530"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25002663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Inhibiting change: Effects of memory on auditory selective attention 抑制变化:记忆对听觉选择性注意的影响

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.002

Robert D. Melara, Sufen Chen, Huijun Wang

引用次数: 18

Foveal splitting causes differential processing of Chinese orthography in the male and female brain 中央凹分裂导致男性和女性对汉字正字法的不同处理

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.005

Janet Hui-wen Hsiao, Richard Shillcock

{"title":"Foveal splitting causes differential processing of Chinese orthography in the male and female brain","authors":"Janet Hui-wen Hsiao, Richard Shillcock","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chinese characters contain separate phonetic and semantic radicals. A dominant character type exists in which the semantic radical is on the left and the phonetic radical on the right; an opposite, minority structure also exists, with the semantic radical on the right and the phonetic radical on the left. We show that, when asked to pronounce isolated tokens of these two character types, males responded significantly faster when the phonetic information was on the right, whereas females showed a non-significant tendency in the opposite direction. Recent research on foveal structure and reading suggests that the two halves of a centrally fixated character are initially processed in different hemispheres. The male brain typically relies more on the left hemisphere for phonological processing compared with the female brain, causing this gender difference to emerge. This interaction is predicted by an implemented computational model. This study supports the existence of a gender difference in phonological processing, and shows that the effects of foveal splitting in reading extend far enough into word recognition to interact with the gender of the reader in a naturalistic reading task.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 531-536"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25293026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

WITHDRAWN: Revisiting the category effect: The influence of meaning and search strategy on the efficiency of visual search 摘自:重新审视类别效应:意义和搜索策略对视觉搜索效率的影响

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/J.COGBRAINRES.2005.07.004

D. Smilek, M. Dixon, P. Merikle

引用次数: 2

Effects of alphabeticality, practice and type of instruction on reading an artificial script: An fMRI study 字母顺序、练习和教学类型对阅读人工手写体的影响:一项功能磁共振成像研究

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.014

Tali Bitan , David Manor , Istvan A. Morocz , Avi Karni

{"title":"Effects of alphabeticality, practice and type of instruction on reading an artificial script: An fMRI study","authors":"Tali Bitan , David Manor , Istvan A. Morocz , Avi Karni","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>In neuroimaging studies of word reading in natural scripts, the effect of alphabeticality is often confounded with the effect of practice. We used an artificial script to separately manipulate the effects of practice and alphabeticality following training with and without explicit letter instructions. Participants received multi-session training in reading nonsense words, written in an artificial script, wherein each </span>phoneme was represented by 2 discrete symbols </span><span>[7]</span><span>. Three training conditions were compared: alphabetical whole words with letter decoding instruction (explicit); alphabetical whole-words (implicit) and non-alphabetical whole-words (arbitrary). Each participant was trained on the arbitrary condition and on one of the alphabetical conditions (explicit or implicit). fMRI scans were acquired after training during reading of trained words and relatively novel words in the alphabetical and arbitrary conditions. Our results showed greater activation in the explicit compared to the arbitrary conditions, but only for relatively-novel words, in the left posterior inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). In the implicit condition, the left posterior IFG was active in both trained and relatively novel words. These results indicate the involvement of the left posterior IFG in letter decoding, and suggest that reading of explicitly well-trained words did not rely on letter decoding, while in implicitly trained words letter decoding persisted into later stages. The superior parietal lobules showed reduced activation for items that received more practice, across all training conditions. Altogether, our results suggest that the alphabeticality of the word, the amount of practice and type of instructions have independent and interacting effects on brain activation during reading.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"Pages 90-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.04.014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25298635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 48

Free colour illustations in the online version of articles 免费彩色插图在文章的在线版本

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0926-6410(05)00239-9

引用次数: 0