Cognitive Brain Research最新文献_第5页

Neurophysiological markers of contextual processing: The relationship between P3b and Gamma synchrony and their modulation by arousal, performance and individual differences 情境处理的神经生理标记:P3b与伽马同步的关系及其受唤醒、表现和个体差异的调节

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.008

Kristan Kang , Leanne M. Williams , Daniel Hermens , Evian Gordon

{"title":"Neurophysiological markers of contextual processing: The relationship between P3b and Gamma synchrony and their modulation by arousal, performance and individual differences","authors":"Kristan Kang , Leanne M. Williams , Daniel Hermens , Evian Gordon","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ability to identify and respond to significant events in the environment is a vital aspect of human cognition<span> and yet is poorly understood as a dynamic neural process. While the response to a contextually-relevant stimulus involves a number of complimentary processes, including selective attention and neural binding, it is also subject to modulation by factors like arousal, age and sex. Adopting an integrative approach, we investigated contextual processing (as indexed by P3b and Gamma phase synchrony) in 120 healthy subjects performing an auditory oddball task while controlling for these other modulating factors. Results suggest a relationship between P3b and Gamma-2 synchrony in posterior regions only, with phasic anterior processing seemingly unrelated to that in posterior regions. However, only the P3b was significantly correlated to central and autonomic arousal. Further, while age and sex were associated with variation in individual measures, they did not strongly affect the relationship between the measures. We concluded that, in simple contextual processing, global and local elements of target stimuli are processed in parallel with little variation being shown between the sexes or resulting from increasing age.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 472-483"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25002664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Learning and decision making in monkeys during a rock–paper–scissors game 石头剪刀布游戏中猴子的学习和决策

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.003

Daeyeol Lee, Benjamin P. McGreevy, Dominic J. Barraclough

{"title":"Learning and decision making in monkeys during a rock–paper–scissors game","authors":"Daeyeol Lee, Benjamin P. McGreevy, Dominic J. Barraclough","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Game theory provides a solution to the problem of finding a set of optimal decision-making strategies in a group. However, people seldom play such optimal strategies and adjust their strategies based on their experience. Accordingly, many theories postulate a set of variables related to the probabilities of choosing various strategies and describe how such variables are dynamically updated. In reinforcement learning, these value functions are updated based on the outcome of the player's choice, whereas belief learning allows the value functions of all available choices to be updated according to the choices of other players. We investigated the nature of learning process in monkeys playing a competitive game with ternary choices, using a rock–paper–scissors game. During the baseline condition in which the computer selected its targets randomly, each animal displayed biases towards some targets. When the computer exploited the pattern of animal's choice sequence but not its reward history, the animal's choice was still systematically biased by the previous choice of the computer. This bias was reduced when the computer exploited both the choice and reward histories of the animal. Compared to simple models of reinforcement learning or belief learning, these adaptive processes were better described by a model that incorporated the features of both models. These results suggest that stochastic decision-making strategies in primates during social interactions might be adjusted according to both actual and hypothetical payoffs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 416-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25244492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 115

Relation between saccade trajectories and spatial distractor locations 扫视轨迹与空间干扰物位置的关系

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.001

Stefan Van der Stigchel, Jan Theeuwes

引用次数: 89

The resolution of case conflicts from a neurophysiological perspective 从神经生理学的角度解决个案冲突

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.010

Stefan Frisch , Matthias Schlesewsky

{"title":"The resolution of case conflicts from a neurophysiological perspective","authors":"Stefan Frisch , Matthias Schlesewsky","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present two ERP experiments examining the resolution of language processing conflicts involving the multidimensional linguistic feature case, which determines processing in both syntactic and interpretive respects. Ungrammatical German structures with two identically case-marked arguments (double subject or double object constructions) were tested. In earlier studies, double subject constructions have been shown to elicit a biphasic pattern consisting of an N400 effect (a marker of thematic integration problems) followed by a P600 effect (a marker of syntactic ill-formedness). Here, we compare double nominative (subject case) constructions with double datives (indirect object case; Experiment 1) and double accusatives (direct object case; Experiment 2). All types of double case ungrammaticalities elicited a biphasic N400–P600 response. However, double datives differed from double nominatives in that they elicited a larger P600, suggesting that the ill-formedness is more salient in structures with two dative arguments. Double accusatives, by contrast, elicited a stronger N400 in comparison to double nominatives, suggesting that they induce more severe semantic–thematic integration problems. The results demonstrate that the human language comprehension system is sensitive to fine grained linguistic distinctions between different cases and utilizes these in its attempts to solve processing conflicts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 484-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25282890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 63

Characteristic functional networks in high- versus low-proficiency second language speakers detected also during native language processing: An explorative EEG coherence study in 6 frequency bands 高熟练程度和低熟练程度的第二语言使用者在母语处理过程中也检测到特征功能网络:6个频段的探索性脑电图一致性研究

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.010

Susanne Reiterer , Claudia Hemmelmann , Peter Rappelsberger , Michael L. Berger

{"title":"Characteristic functional networks in high- versus low-proficiency second language speakers detected also during native language processing: An explorative EEG coherence study in 6 frequency bands","authors":"Susanne Reiterer , Claudia Hemmelmann , Peter Rappelsberger , Michael L. Berger","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An EEG coherence study was performed with a twofold objective: first, to scrutinize the theoretical concept of “cortical efficiency” in connection with second language (L2) acquisition and, second, to detect cooperations between cortical areas in specific frequency bands indicative for highly proficient L2 processing. Two groups differing only in their level of L2 proficiency were contrasted during presentation of natural language videos in English (L2) and German (native language, L1), with explorative coherence analysis in 6 frequency bands (0.5–31.5 Hz). The coherence brain maps revealed more pronounced and widespread increases in coherences in the α1-band (8–10 Hz) in low-proficiency than in the high-proficiency L2 speakers. Surprisingly, this difference was obtained also during L1 processing and corroborated for both languages by multivariate permutation tests. These tests revealed additional differences between the low- and the high-proficiency group also for coherences within the β1- (13–18 Hz) and the β2-band (18.5–31.5 Hz), again during L2 and L1 processing. Since the same group differences were observed during L1 and L2 processing, our high-proficiency group might have profited from a more generic advantage in language or text processing strategy. This strategic advantage was most evident at α1 frequencies, possibly related to a specific way of processing internal mental states (top-down processing).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 566-578"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25602514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 31

Is discrimination training necessary to cause changes in the P2 auditory event-related brain potential to speech sounds? 辨别训练是否有必要引起P2听觉事件相关脑电位对语音的改变?

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.007

Kathleen A. Sheehan, Genevieve M. McArthur, Dorothy V.M. Bishop

{"title":"Is discrimination training necessary to cause changes in the P2 auditory event-related brain potential to speech sounds?","authors":"Kathleen A. Sheehan, Genevieve M. McArthur, Dorothy V.M. Bishop","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous studies have found that the P2 component of the auditory event-related potential (ERP) increases after speech discrimination training. We compared electrophysiological and behavioral outcomes of individuals undergoing speech discrimination training (<em>N</em> = 8) with an untrained control group (<em>N</em><span> = 9). Significant improvements on the behavioral speech discrimination task were found only in the trained group; however, there were similar increases in P2 amplitude in both groups. Simple exposure to repeated instances of a speech sound during the ERP recording seems sufficient lead to enhancement of P2. This interpretation was bolstered by the finding of significant change in P2 during the first and second halves of the initial ERP recording, when listeners were not required to make any discriminative response. However, the largest change in P2 occurred between rather than within recording sessions, suggesting that the effects of exposure to a speech stimulus on ERPs may have a slow time-course and are most evident after a delay. Our data challenge the view that increased P2 amplitude reflects enhanced perceptual discrimination by auditory cortex.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 547-553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25615342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 92

Emotion and consciousness: Ends of a continuum 情感和意识:连续体的两端

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.006

Yuri I. Alexandrov , Mikko E. Sams

引用次数: 52

Visuo-verbal interactions in working memory: Evidence from event-related potentials 工作记忆中的视觉语言互动:来自事件相关电位的证据

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.001

Jan Peters , Boris Suchan , Yaxin Zhang , Irene Daum

引用次数: 20

Exposure to asynchronous audiovisual speech extends the temporal window for audiovisual integration 暴露于异步视听语音扩展了视听整合的时间窗口

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.009

Jordi Navarra , Argiro Vatakis , Massimiliano Zampini , Salvador Soto-Faraco , William Humphreys , Charles Spence

{"title":"Exposure to asynchronous audiovisual speech extends the temporal window for audiovisual integration","authors":"Jordi Navarra , Argiro Vatakis , Massimiliano Zampini , Salvador Soto-Faraco , William Humphreys , Charles Spence","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We examined whether monitoring asynchronous audiovisual speech induces a general temporal recalibration of auditory and visual sensory processing. Participants monitored a videotape featuring a speaker pronouncing a list of words (Experiments 1 and 3) or a hand playing a musical pattern on a piano (Experiment 2). The auditory and visual channels were either presented in synchrony, or else asynchronously (with the visual signal leading the auditory signal by 300 ms; Experiments 1 and 2). While performing the monitoring task, participants were asked to judge the temporal order of pairs of auditory (white noise bursts) and visual stimuli (flashes) that were presented at varying stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) during the session. The results showed that, while monitoring desynchronized speech or music, participants required a longer interval between the auditory and visual stimuli in order to perceive their temporal order correctly, suggesting a widening of the temporal window for audiovisual integration. The fact that no such recalibration occurred when we used a longer asynchrony (1000 ms) that exceeded the temporal window for audiovisual integration (Experiment 3) supports this conclusion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 499-507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.07.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25281763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 182

The role of spatial frequency information for ERP components sensitive to faces and emotional facial expression 空间频率信息对面孔和情绪面部表情敏感的ERP成分的作用

Cognitive Brain Research Pub Date : 2005-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.003

Amanda Holmes , Joel S. Winston , Martin Eimer

{"title":"The role of spatial frequency information for ERP components sensitive to faces and emotional facial expression","authors":"Amanda Holmes , Joel S. Winston , Martin Eimer","doi":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To investigate the impact of spatial frequency on emotional facial expression analysis, ERPs were recorded in response to low spatial frequency (LSF), high spatial frequency (HSF), and unfiltered broad spatial frequency (BSF) faces with fearful or neutral expressions, houses, and chairs. In line with previous findings, BSF fearful facial expressions elicited a greater frontal positivity than BSF neutral facial expressions, starting at about 150 ms after stimulus onset. In contrast, this emotional expression effect was absent for HSF and LSF faces. Given that some brain regions involved in emotion processing, such as amygdala and connected structures, are selectively tuned to LSF visual inputs, these data suggest that ERP effects of emotional facial expression do not directly reflect activity in these regions. It is argued that higher order neocortical brain systems are involved in the generation of emotion-specific waveform modulations. The face-sensitive N170 component was neither affected by emotional facial expression nor by spatial frequency information.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100287,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Brain Research","volume":"25 2","pages":"Pages 508-520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2005.08.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25306284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 142