Climate Change Ecology最新文献_第9页

Negative effects of parasite exposure and variable thermal stress on brown trout (Salmo trutta) under future climatic and hydropower production scenarios 未来气候和水电生产情景下寄生虫暴露和变热胁迫对褐鳟的负面影响

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100039

Roser Casas-Mulet , Emily Matthews , Juergen Geist , Isabelle Durance , Jo Cable

{"title":"Negative effects of parasite exposure and variable thermal stress on brown trout (Salmo trutta) under future climatic and hydropower production scenarios","authors":"Roser Casas-Mulet , Emily Matthews , Juergen Geist , Isabelle Durance , Jo Cable","doi":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Future water temperature changes may have a profound impact on fish-parasite interactions. However, while the effect of temperature on fish, and particularly salmonids, is well-understood, its combined effects with parasitic exposure are not. Here, we use a multi-stage experimental approach to explore the impact of increased water temperatures consistent with persistent climate change-induced warming and extreme thermal fluctuations from hydropower (thermopeaking) on brown trout alevins and fry before and during exposure to Saprolegnia parasitica. Parasite exposure had the strongest and most significant effect on survival of both host life stages. The combination of parasite exposure, thermal pre-conditioning and the ongoing thermal regime had a weak but significant influence on alevin mortality. Both parasite-exposed alevin and fry experienced increased mortality when a constant increase in temperature was combined with intermittent thermal increases. The outcomes of this experimental approach provide the basis for future studies scaling up the potential impacts of temperatures and parasite exposure that key fish species may face in the wild. They also highlight the effects of anthropogenic changes on brown trout populations, as pressures on aquatic organisms are likely to intensify in future climate scenarios with increased hydropower development and thermopeaking, particularly in the presence of pathogens.</div>","PeriodicalId":100260,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change Ecology","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666900521000393/pdfft?md5=3b857744aa6f694fef5c8ec93485967b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666900521000393-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79972345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effects of climate change on metabolite accumulation in freshwater and marine cyanobacteria 气候变化对淡水和海洋蓝藻代谢产物积累的影响

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100018

I-Shuo Huang , Xinping Hu , Hussain Abdulla , Paul V. Zimba

{"title":"Effects of climate change on metabolite accumulation in freshwater and marine cyanobacteria","authors":"I-Shuo Huang , Xinping Hu , Hussain Abdulla , Paul V. Zimba","doi":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Global climate change and anthropogenic nutrient inputs are responsible for increased frequency of cyanobacterial blooms that potentially contain 55 classes of bioactive metabolites. This study investigated the effects of CO2 availability and concomittant pH levels on two cyanobacteria that produce microcystins: a marine cf. Synechocystis sp. and a freshwater Microcystis aeruginosa. Cyanobacterial strains were semi-continuously cultured in mesotrophic growth media at pH 7.5, 7.8, 8.2, and 8.5 via a combination of CO2 addition and control of alkalinity. The cell concentration between treatments was not significantly different and nutrient availability was not limited. Concentration of most known cyanobacterial bioactive metabolites in both cyanobacterial strains increased as CO2 increased. At pH 7.8, bioactive metabolite intracellular concentration in M. aeruginosa and Synechocystis was 1.5 and 1.2 times greater than the other three treatments, respectively. Intracellular concentration of microginin in M. aeruginosa at pH 7.5 was reduced by 90% compared to the other three treatments. Intracellular concentration of microcyclamide-bistratamide B was lower in M. aeruginosa and higher in Synechocystis at elevated CO2 concentration. M. aeruginosa products were more diverse metabolites than Synechocystis. The diversity of accumulated metabolites in M. aeruginosa increased as CO2 increased, whereas the metabolite diversity in Synechocystis decreased as pH decreased. Overall, intracellular concentration of bioactive metabolites was higher at greater CO2 concentrations; marine and freshwater cyanobacteria had different allocation products when exposed to differing CO2 environments.</div>","PeriodicalId":100260,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change Ecology","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84702554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinal variation in phenological traits and fitness responses to drought across the native range of California poppy 加州罂粟物候性状的临床变异及其对干旱的适应性响应

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100021

Elizabeth M. Ryan, Elsa E. Cleland

{"title":"Clinal variation in phenological traits and fitness responses to drought across the native range of California poppy","authors":"Elizabeth M. Ryan, Elsa E. Cleland","doi":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Increased aridity, associated with climate change, is predicted worldwide in the coming decades. Species persistence in the face of climate change is thought to be influenced by plasticity, potential for adaptation, and dependence on non-climatic factors, but their relative importance has rarely been quantified. We investigated 13 populations of Eschscholzia californica (California poppy) distributed across a fourfold gradient in annual precipitation. In a greenhouse, plants received precipitation treatments approximating the wettest and driest sites, crossed with the presence and absence of soil inoculum from their collection location. We documented clinal variation across populations; plants from southern populations (arid sites) emerged later, flowered earlier, had shorter growing seasons, higher mean fitness, higher reproductive effort, and were more drought tolerant than plants from northern populations (mesic sites). A second experiment demonstrated clinal variation in biomass allocation, with higher root allocation in northern populations. We found no evidence of adaptive phenological plasticity to drought; instead, the drought treatment decreased fitness and growing season length (maladaptive phenological plasticity) more for plants from mesic than arid sites. Individuals grown with home soil inoculation produced 10% more biomass than when grown in common garden soil; however, the influence of soil was small relative to the 13-fold variation across populations in fitness responses to drought. Our results suggest that restoration efforts involving California poppy may benefit from assisted gene flow; sourcing seeds from arid parts of the species range may improve individual fitness and population persistence of this iconic species in the face of future climate change.</div>","PeriodicalId":100260,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change Ecology","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"94315856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Herbarium records demonstrate changes in flowering phenology associated with climate change over the past century within the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa 植物标本室的记录表明，在过去的一个世纪里，南非开普植物区开花物候的变化与气候变化有关

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100006

Tanisha M. Williams , Carl D. Schlichting, Kent E. Holsinger

{"title":"Herbarium records demonstrate changes in flowering phenology associated with climate change over the past century within the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa","authors":"Tanisha M. Williams , Carl D. Schlichting, Kent E. Holsinger","doi":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Climate change is affecting species composition and diversity across the globe. Phenological changes provide a sensitive indicator of biological responses to changes in climate. Recent studies using herbarium records in Europe and North America have shown changes in flowering time and other phenological events in response to changing climate conditions, such as warming temperatures and chilling winters, but few studies have been carried out in the southern hemisphere. We examined changes in flowering time from 1901–2009 in South Africa in the widespread, diverse genus Pelargonium. We combined records from more than 6,200 herbarium specimens of 129 species with historical weather data on temperature to examine the impact of climate change on flowering phenology. Data from over 464 weather stations in South Africa was used to estimate historical climate conditions for each of the 4,600 geographic sites included in our sample. During this time period there was a 2.9 ± 0.53 °C increase in mean annual temperature across South Africa. Flowering date advanced by nearly two weeks (11.6 days), with nearly all of the advance associated with the increase in temperature during this time. Thus, Pelargonium species are showing similar phenological responses when compared to species in the northern hemisphere. This study adds more evidence to the limited number of studies of climate change responses within Mediterranean climate regions that assess large-scale climate and phenological patterns. It also illustrates that herbarium records provide an effective method for detecting effects of climate change on flowering phenology across large geographic scales.</div>","PeriodicalId":100260,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change Ecology","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78459404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Impacts of climate change on cetacean distribution, habitat and migration 气候变化对鲸类分布、栖息地和迁徙的影响

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.ECOCHG.2021.100009

C. V. Weelden, J. Towers, T. Bosker

引用次数: 35

Impacts of climate change on cetacean distribution, habitat and migration 气候变化对鲸类分布、栖息地和迁徙的影响

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100009

Celine van Weelden , Jared R. Towers , Thijs Bosker

{"title":"Impacts of climate change on cetacean distribution, habitat and migration","authors":"Celine van Weelden , Jared R. Towers , Thijs Bosker","doi":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Climatic changes have had significant impacts on marine ecosystems, including apex predators such as cetaceans. A more complete understanding of the potential impacts of climate change on cetaceans is necessary to ensure their conservation. Here we present a review of the literature on the impacts of climate change on cetacean distribution, habitat and migrations and highlight research gaps. Our results indicate that due to rising sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and/or reducing sea ice extent, a variety of impacts on the distribution, habitat and migration of cetaceans have been observed to date and several more are predicted to occur over the next century. Many species have demonstrated a poleward shift, following their preferred SSTs to higher latitudes, and some have altered the timing of their migrations, while others appear not to be affected. These changes may benefit certain species, while others will be placed under extreme pressure and may face increased risk of extinction. Broader implications may include increased inter-specific competition, genetic alterations, ecosystem-level changes and conservation challenges. Existing research on the topic is both extremely limited and unevenly distributed (geographically and phylogenetically). Further research is necessary to determine which species and populations are most vulnerable and require the earliest conservation action.</div>","PeriodicalId":100260,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change Ecology","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91679930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34

From the ground up: Building predictions for how climate change will affect belowground mutualisms, floral traits, and bee behavior 从头开始:建立气候变化将如何影响地下共生、植物特征和蜜蜂行为的预测

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100013

Andrea M. Keeler , Annika Rose-Person , Nicole E. Rafferty

{"title":"From the ground up: Building predictions for how climate change will affect belowground mutualisms, floral traits, and bee behavior","authors":"Andrea M. Keeler , Annika Rose-Person , Nicole E. Rafferty","doi":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Climate change affects species and their interactions, resulting in novel communities and modified ecosystem processes. Through shifts in phenology and distribution, climatic change can disrupt interactions, including those between mutualists. Mutualisms influence the structure and stability of communities and can link species to a common fate. However, research on climate change has focused on pairwise mutualisms, neglecting the higher-order interactions that can arise when species interact with multiple mutualists. We explore the effects of climate change on tripartite interactions involving belowground mutualists, namely soil bacteria and fungi, flowering plants, and pollinators. We outline how climate change is predicted to affect the phenology and distribution of these belowground mutualists, emphasizing the consequent effects on host plant floral traits, plant-pollinator interactions, and bee behavior. We find evidence that warming, advanced snowmelt, and drought are likely to cause phenological and distributional shifts in soil microbes, leading to diminished mutualistic interactions with plants and symbiont switching. Consequently, shifts in flowering phenology, smaller floral displays, and lower quality floral rewards are expected, increasing foraging time and energy demands for bees and altering their floral preferences. Such costs could translate into reduced fitness and novel selection pressures for bees and flowering plants in the short term. We highlight knowledge gaps and ways forward, urging studies on microbe dispersal and phenological cues, experiments that manipulate soil microbe-host plant interactions under simulated climate change conditions, and large-scale field studies across environmental gradients, all with the goal of understanding how climate change will affect soil microbe-plant-pollinator mutualisms.</div>","PeriodicalId":100260,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change Ecology","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91679932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2 likely to be affected by climate. SARS-CoV-2的进化和传播可能受到气候的影响。

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2021-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100005

Priyanka Bajaj, Prakash Chandra Arya

{"title":"Evolution and spread of SARS-CoV-2 likely to be affected by climate.","authors":"Priyanka Bajaj, Prakash Chandra Arya","doi":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100005","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 pandemic has been a subject of extensive study. However, it is still unclear why it was restricted to higher latitudes during the initial days and later cascaded in the tropics. Here, we analyzed 176 SARS-CoV-2 genomes across different climate zones and Köppen's climate that provided insights about within-species virus evolution and its relation to abiotic factors. Two genetically variant groups, named G1 and G2, were identified, well defined by four mutations. The G1 group (ancestor) is mainly restricted to warm and moist, temperate climate (Köppen's C climate) while its descendent G2 group surpasses the climatic restrictions of G1, initially cascading into neighboring cold climate (D) of higher latitudes and later into the hot climate of the tropics (A). It appears that the gradation of temperate climate (Cfa-Cfb) to cold climate (Dfa-Dfb) drives the evolution of G1 into the G2 variant group, which later adapted to tropical climate (A) as well. It seems this virus followed an inverse latitudinal gradient in the beginning due to its preference towards temperate (C) and cold climate (D). Our work elucidates virus evolutionary studies combined with climatic studies can provide crucial information about the pathogenesis and natural spreading pathways in such outbreaks, which is hard to achieve through individual studies. Mutational insights gained may help design an efficacious vaccine.","PeriodicalId":100260,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":"100005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8154194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78532698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased vigilance of plains zebras (Equus quagga) in response to more bush coverage in a Kenyan savanna 提高了平原斑马(斑驴)的警惕，以应对肯尼亚热带稀树草原上更多的丛林覆盖

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001

Anping Chen , Leslie Reperant , Ilya R. Fischhoff , Daniel I. Rubenstein

{"title":"Increased vigilance of plains zebras (Equus quagga) in response to more bush coverage in a Kenyan savanna","authors":"Anping Chen , Leslie Reperant , Ilya R. Fischhoff , Daniel I. Rubenstein","doi":"10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Climate change-induced bush encroachment into grasslands has profound impacts on herbivores in African grasslands through changing their food and water supplies and influencing their perception of predation risk, and thus modulating the trade-off between resource acquisition and predator avoidance. For plains zebras (Equus quagga), bush is usually viewed as risky because it provides cover to predators to ambush prey. Projected climate change and increase in bush coverage may elevate perceived predation risk for zebras and influence their behaviors. However, direct evidence of bush coverage impacts on herbivores’ behavioral trade-off remains scarce. We conducted field observations and counts of plains zebra behavioral investments in vigilance, grazing and other routine activities across a variety of bush densities in Kenya's Laikipia Plateau. Results suggest that increasing bush density reduces the distance at which zebras detect the approach of a potential predator. After controlling for group size, zebras are more vigilant in dense versus open habitats. Increase in bush coverage has little impact on grazing time allocation, however it does reduce bite rate. Zebras spend less time on activities other than vigilance or grazing in bushier habitats. Our finding implies that increases in bush encroachment will increase the perception of predation risk by zebras, and reduce efficiency on food uptake and other essential behaviors. Maintaining sufficient area of open grasslands, in part by protecting elephants as ecological engineers, will help sustain populations of zebras and other large herbivores wherever climate change and land use change increases bush density.</div>","PeriodicalId":100260,"journal":{"name":"Climate Change Ecology","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ecochg.2021.100001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91680037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

From the ground up: Building predictions for how climate change will affect belowground mutualisms, floral traits, and bee behavior 从头开始:建立气候变化将如何影响地下共生、植物特征和蜜蜂行为的预测

Climate Change Ecology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.ECOCHG.2021.100013

Andrea M. Keeler, Annika Rose-Person, Nicole E. Rafferty

引用次数: 9