Daniel Nemeth , Vesal Farsian , Matt Schrier , Ning Quan
{"title":"Orchestrating neuroinflammation: A symphony of Interleukin-1 and cell type-specific Interleukin-1 receptor type 1 signaling in the brain","authors":"Daniel Nemeth , Vesal Farsian , Matt Schrier , Ning Quan","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interleukin-1 (IL-1) was one of the first inflammatory cytokines to be discovered in the peripheral immune system. It is a master regulator of the inflammatory responses to infection and injury in the entire body. Infection and injury to the central nervous system (CNS) inevitably activate the IL-1 system similar to the periphery. While the existence of inflammation in the CNS, neuroinflammation, is not surprising, the CNS represents a unique structure-functional entity that requires special consideration for the understanding of the role of the IL-1 system in the brain. First, the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the entry of many immune signal molecules and cells from easy access to the brain, preventing undesirable consequences of peripheral style of inflammation (swelling, for example) that could overwhelm the finite space of the brain; second, the presence of brain specific cell types—neurons, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ventricular ependymal cells, and choroid plexus cells—suggests IL-1 system may conduct neuroinflammation differently in this special environment through these cell types; third, recent studies have revealed that IL-1 can directly modulate neural circuitry and function and the subsequent neuroimmune crosstalk impacts neuroinflammation, neural function, and behavior, expanding the role of the IL-1 system into the realm of neurobiology. This mini-review summarizes the current state of knowledge about how the CNS IL-1 system might regulate neuroinflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147600251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum regarding missing Data Statements in the previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum regarding missing data statements in the previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147951504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum regarding missing Data statements in the previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100168","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147951505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan Zhuang , Hector W.H. Tsang , Jessie Jingxia Lin
{"title":"Advances in the clinical efficacy and mechanisms of acupressure for depression treatment: A comprehensive review","authors":"Yuan Zhuang , Hector W.H. Tsang , Jessie Jingxia Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression is a prevalent and debilitating mental disorder with significant global health and socioeconomic impacts. Conventional treatments, including pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, are often limited by side effects, accessibility and incomplete efficacy. This therapeutic gap has fueled the search for complementary and integrative approaches. Acupressure, a non-invasive intervention rooted in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has emerged as a promising complementary therapy for depression, yet its clinical efficacy and underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This comprehensive review synthesizes and critically evaluates the latest evidence on the clinical efficacy and underlying mechanisms of acupressure for depression. We seek to bridge the ancient wisdom of TCM with modern biomedical science, providing a nuanced understanding of how acupressure can be integrated as a viable standalone or adjunct therapy within contemporary mental healthcare frameworks.</div></div><div><h3>Main findings</h3><div>Recent studies demonstrate that acupressure significantly alleviates depressive symptoms, improves comorbid insomnia and pain, and enhances quality of life with a favorable safety profile. Efficacy appears influenced by acupoint selection and individualized protocols, such as GV20 +HT7 +LR3, and can be synergistic with conventional treatments like medication and psychotherapy. Mechanistically, acupressure modulates key neurobiological pathways implicated in depression. It regulates of monoamine neurotransmitters (5-HT, DA, NE), enhances of neurotrophic factors (BDNF) and promotes of neural synaptic plasticity. It also exerts significant immunomodulatory effects and regulates neuroendocrine function by attenuating hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and normalizing cortisol levels. These integrated, multi-system effects are thought to collectively underlie its antidepressant efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Acupressure represents a scientifically plausible and clinically valuable multi-system therapeutic strategy for depression. Its ability to target core pathophysiological pathways—neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, and neuroendocrine dysfunction—while maintaining an excellent safety profile, positions it as a reasonable tool for personalized medicine. Despite these promising findings, challenges remain, including the need for standardized protocols and a deeper comprehensive understanding of its mechanisms. Future research may prioritize large-scale, multi-center randomized controlled trials and interdisciplinary studies to explore novel frontiers such as the gut-brain axis. By doing so, we can fully elucidate its therapeutic potential and integrate acupressure into clinical practice, thereby addressing unmet needs in the management of people with depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel H. Furlan , Madeline R. Pike , Emily Lipner , Elizabeth C. Breen , Barbara A. Cohn , Piera M. Cirillo , Nickilou Y. Krigbaum , Ann M. Kring , Thomas M. Olino , Lauren B. Alloy , Lauren M. Ellman
{"title":"Corrigendum to “The interaction of second trimester prenatal maternal inflammation and psychosocial stress on offspring depressive symptoms in adolescence” [Brain Behav. Immun. Integr. 8 (2024) 100096]","authors":"Rachel H. Furlan , Madeline R. Pike , Emily Lipner , Elizabeth C. Breen , Barbara A. Cohn , Piera M. Cirillo , Nickilou Y. Krigbaum , Ann M. Kring , Thomas M. Olino , Lauren B. Alloy , Lauren M. Ellman","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adiponectin as an immunoregulatory factor in physical exercise – A brief overview","authors":"Douglas A. Formolo , Suk-Yu Yau","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adiponectin, an adipokine abundantly produced by adipose tissue, is a well-established regulator of energy metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Beyond these metabolic roles, a growing body of evidence characterizes adiponectin as a potent immunoregulatory factor. This mini-review provides a brief overview of adiponectin's anti-inflammatory functions in both the peripheral and central nervous systems. We discuss its role in modulating innate and adaptive immunity, including suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine production, promoting anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization, and regulating T-cell function. Additionally, we discuss how adiponectin signaling through its receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) in microglia and astrocytes can counteract neuroinflammation, with relevance to neurological and behavioral conditions. Given the challenges in pharmacologically targeting the adiponectin signaling system, we explore physical exercise as a feasible therapeutic strategy to increase adiponectin levels. We highlight evidence that exercise-induced increases in adiponectin mediate significant anti-inflammatory effects, underscoring the potential of lifestyle interventions to modulate immune responses via adiponectin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147600248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum regarding missing Data Statements in the previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100160","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147950965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biosensing acupuncture needles reveal site-specific cytokine dynamics in Parkinson’s disease models","authors":"Siyi Zou, Jingze Li, Yourong Ou, Zhiheng Zhang, Tian Yu, Guozhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2026.100154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acupuncture is increasingly recognized as a neuromodulatory intervention with anti-inflammatory potential, yet its molecular mechanisms, particularly in neurodegenerative contexts, remain poorly defined. Here, we bridge traditional practice and modern biosensing by integrating CRISPR/Cas12a-based fluorescent immunosensors directly onto classical Chinese acupuncture (CA) needles to enable <em>in vivo</em> acupoint-resolved monitoring of interstitial cytokines in a Parkinson’s disease (PD) rat model. These CA needle-integrated biosensors selectively detect IL-6 and TNF-α with high specificity and linear response across physiologically relevant concentrations. <em>In vivo</em> measurements reveal that acupuncture is associated with spatiotemporally distinct local cytokine dynamics: early intervention (day 7) significantly suppresses IL-6 at GV20 (Baihui), GV14 (Dazhui), and ST36 (Zusanli), and TNF-α at ST36; delayed intervention (day 21) shows diminished systemic effects but retains localized suppression at ST36. Critically, these cytokine dynamics correlate with behavioral outcomes and early acupuncture yields superior motor improvement, suggesting a correlation between acupoint-resolved cytokine profiles and motor behavioral outcomes. This work establishes acupoint-resolved cytokine biosensing as a novel mechanistic tool to decode acupuncture’s anti-neuroinflammatory effects, providing a platform for exploratory, spatially resolved investigation of tissue cytokine dynamics during acupuncture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sulphur as a homeopathic treatment for depression needs to show clinical significance, not only statistical significance","authors":"Fabio Gomes de Matos e Souza","doi":"10.1016/j.bbii.2025.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbii.2025.100142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100197,"journal":{"name":"Brain Behavior and Immunity Integrative","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147421415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}