Biomass最新文献

{"title":"Pulsed Electric Field Applications for the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Food Waste and By-Products: A Critical Review","authors":"Theodoros Chatzimitakos, Vassilis Athanasiadis, Dimitrios Kalompatsios, Martha Mantiniotou, Eleni Bozinou, Stavros I. Lalas","doi":"10.3390/biomass3040022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass3040022","url":null,"abstract":"The food processing industry is a continuously developing sector that uses innovative technologies to efficiently process food products. During processing, food industries generate substantial amounts of by-products in the form of waste materials. This food waste consists of organic matter rich in bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and flavonoids. Improper management of food waste can adversely affect both the environment and human health, leading to environmental pollution and the release of greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, proper food waste management has become an urgent global issue. The presence of bioactive compounds (mainly polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, but also carotenoids, alkaloids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) in food waste holds the potential to transform them into valuable resources. Several sectors, including food and energy, have recognized food waste as an innovative source. Recently, much emphasis has been placed on optimizing the extraction yield of such bioactive compounds through the utilization of environmentally friendly and sustainable methodologies and solvents. Pulsed electric field (PEF)-assisted extraction is an emerging technique that holds promise for the utilization of waste materials. PEF technology can efficiently optimize the extraction of valuable compounds within a shorter time while minimizing solvent and energy consumption. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of PEF technology and its implications for recovering bioactive compounds from food waste. The integration of innovative technologies like PEF in the food processing industry can play a crucial role in managing food waste sustainably, reducing environmental impact, and harnessing the full potential of bioactive compounds contained in these waste materials. The objective of this critical review is to provide an overview of the utilization of PEF pretreatment for food by-products and to conduct a comparative analysis with other extraction techniques.","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135636216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Admissibility Grid to Support the Decision for the Preferential Routing of Portuguese Endogenous Waste Biomass for the Production of Biogas, Advanced Biofuels, Electricity and Heat","authors":"Ana T. Crujeira, Maria A. Trancoso, Ana Eusébio, Ana Cristina Oliveira, Paula C. Passarinho, Mariana Abreu, Isabel P. Marques, Paula A. S. S. Marques, Susana Marques, Helena Albergaria, Filomena Pinto, Paula Costa, Rui André, Francisco Gírio, Patrícia Moura","doi":"10.3390/biomass3040021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass3040021","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology was developed to assess the allocation of different types of endogenous waste biomass to eight technologies for producing electricity, heat, biogas and advanced biofuels. It was based on the identification of key physicochemical parameters for each conversion process and the definition of limit values for each parameter, applied to two different matrices of waste biomass. This enabled the creation of one Admissibility Grid with target values per type of waste biomass and conversion technology, applicable to a decision process in the routing to energy production. The construction of the grid was based on the evaluation of 24 types of waste biomass, corresponding to 48 sets of samples tested, for which a detailed physicochemical characterization and an admissibility assessment were made. The samples were collected from Municipal Solid Waste treatment facilities, sewage sludges, agro-industrial companies, poultry farms, and pulp and paper industries. The conversion technologies and energy products considered were (trans)esterification to fatty acid methyl esters, anaerobic digestion to methane, fermentation to bioethanol, dark fermentation to biohydrogen, combustion to electricity and heat, gasification to syngas, and pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction to bio-oils. The validation of the Admissibility Grid was based on the determination of conversion rates and product yields over 23 case studies that were selected according to the best combinations of waste biomass type versus technological solution and energy product.","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136142565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sugar Extraction from Secondary Agricultural Waste Biomass Using Hydrothermal Carbonization and Direct Contact Membrane Distillation","authors":"Viral Sagar, Joan G. Lynam, Amelia G. Parrenin","doi":"10.3390/biomass3040020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass3040020","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable and renewable sources of liquid and solid fuels are essential to prevent fossil fuel use from damaging the environment. Secondary agricultural residues, which are already transported to food processing centers, have great potential to be converted into biofuels. The wastes from coffee roasting, sugar production, and rice milling have been investigated using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) to produce aqueous products containing monosaccharides alongside solid biofuels. These sugar-laden liquid products were characterized after pretreating coffee silverskins, sugarcane bagasse, and rice husks with HTC. They were then concentrated using direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD), a low-energy process that can use waste heat from other biorefinery processes. The higher heating value of the solid products was also characterized by bomb calorimetry. The liquid products from HTC of these wastes from food production were found to contain varying concentrations of glucose, xylose, galactose, and arabinose. DCMD was capable of concentrating the liquid products up to three times their original concentrations. Little difference was found among the higher heating values of the solid products after 180 °C HTC pretreatment compared to 200 °C pretreatment. HTC of waste from food processing can provide solid biofuels and liquid products containing sugars that can be concentrated using DCMD.","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135300621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Feasibility of Cloud-Point Extraction for Bioactive Compound Recovery from Food Byproducts: A Review","authors":"Theodoros Chatzimitakos, Vassilis Athanasiadis, Martha Mantiniotou, Dimitrios Kalompatsios, Eleni Bozinou, Ioannis Giovanoudis, Stavros I. Lalas","doi":"10.3390/biomass3030019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/biomass3030019","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the production of food biomass waste has been increasing rapidly. This necessitates urgent measures to be taken so as to utilize them. Since most food biomass waste contains useful bioactive substances, cloud-point extraction (CPE) has emerged as a promising solution to valorize waste. CPE is an extraction method employed for the extraction and preconcentration of various chemical compounds, including polyphenols and flavonoids. As with any other extraction procedure, CPE isolates the target compound(s) from the sample, resulting in increased recovery. One major advantage of CPE is that the extraction is carried out without special equipment or harmful reagents. Moreover, other significant advantages are its effectiveness, simplicity, safety, and rapidity. This review focuses on the extraction of bioactive compounds from food-based waste using CPE and highlights the important parameters that can be tuned to improve the performance of CPE. Furthermore, the potential in promoting environmentally friendly practices within the food industry is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of biotechnology programmes for energy forestry","authors":"M. Hubbes","doi":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90008-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90008-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dramatic gains in tree growth can be achieved by today's breeding techniques. However, much of these gains may be lost due to pathogen-caused diseases and insect attack. The use of pesticides in energy plantations is undersirable because of their possible ecological impacts and public concern regarding their harmful side effects. Conventional breeding programmes, geared to produce pest-resistant trees, are slow and require a large number of plants and space. Therefore, alternative techniques which use more powerful tools have to be employed to accelerate the processes that produce effective methods of pest control. Biotechnology, employing cell and tissue culture, cell fusion, recombinant DNA technology for cell cloning, and genetic engineering, is a new and rapidly developing field/science. Moreover, it seems ideally suited for the development of pest-resistant plant material for energy plantations.</p><p>Because of the timeliness of this technology in developing pest-resistant plant material, the International Energy Agency (IEA) Bioenergy Agreement initiated a special project to examine this proposal. The present paper summarizes the results of several workshops held by the representatives of the IEA member countries on this topic. Different techniques of biotechnology, their beneficial effects as well as some of their weaknesses, are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 75-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0144-4565(90)90008-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74074260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioconversion of lignocellulosics","authors":"J.N. Saddler,&nbsp;K. Mackie","doi":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90024-E","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90024-E","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the 3 years from 1986 to 1988, two International Energy Agency projects, CPD 2 (Pretreatment of Lignocellulosics) and CPD 5 (Conversion of C5, Sugars to Ethanol), were combined to form Task IV — Bioconversion of Lignocellulosics. Two meetings were held, the first in Graz, Austria in 1986 and the second in Ottawa, Canada in 1988. Proceedings from each of these meetings were distributed among the participants. Round-robin tests on the chemical analysis of pretreated lignocellulosic substrates and the enzymatic hydrolysis of these substrates were carried out by the network participants. Industrial groups from member countries were invited to participate at the Ottawa meeting. Various economic models were presented to determine the technoeconomic factors influencing the commercial viability of a bioconversion process. The success of the network was reflected in the attendance at the meetings, the excellent rapport of the participants and the useful information arising from the round-robin comparisons.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 293-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0144-4565(90)90024-E","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80850451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production of Nicotiana glauca R.C. Graham aerial biomass in relation to irrigation regime","authors":"María Dolores Curt,&nbsp;Jesús Fernández","doi":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90029-J","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90029-J","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Nicotiana glauca</em> R. C. Graham is a member of the Solanaceae, naturalized in the areas of warm-arid climates of the Iberian Peninsula. This species could have a great importance as a possible energy crop, because of its drought hardiness, sprouting capacity, large biomass productivity and high content of non-structural carbohydrates. In this work the production of the above-ground biomass of <em>Nicotiana glauca</em> was studied in relation to the irrigation regime in a cycle of cultivation. Primary values — leaf area, leaf dry weight and stem dry weight — were determined by non-destructive methods, in order to follow individually the development of each plant. From these primary values, growth indexes were calculated, and the behaviour of the species is discussed in relation to the environment. From the results obtained, it is deduced that <em>Nicotiana glauca</em> is a species adapted to conditions of water deficit and high temperatures. It is concluded that <em>Nicotiana glauca</em> could be cultivated in marginal lands of warm-arid climates; and a production of above-ground biomass of 3·9 t d.m. ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ was estimated, from which it would be possible to extract about 900 kg of easily fermentable carbohydrates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"23 2","pages":"Pages 103-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0144-4565(90)90029-J","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78279343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomass energy of rice drying","authors":"Lalit R. Verma","doi":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90070-Z","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90070-Z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An indirect-fired biomass furnace was used to determine the thermal energy available from rice straw, Dallis bermudagrass and sugarcane bagasse. Bomb calorimetry was used to determine the energy content of the agricultural biomass. Temperature, airflow and relative humidity measurements were made to determine the heat utilized for drying. Three batches of rough rice were dried from 21 to 12·7% moisture with average furnace efficiency of 41% for rice straw and bermudagrass bales. Drying efficiency of over 60% was achieved with air temperature rise of at least 5°C.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"23 1","pages":"Pages 13-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0144-4565(90)90070-Z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87087337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harvesting whole trees with processing and log allocation (in the forest) to conventional and energy products","authors":"C.J. Goulding,&nbsp;A.A. Twaddle","doi":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90013-A","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90013-A","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Conventional harvesting operations currently collect large quantities of biomass used for energy generation in the form of hog fuel and black liquor produced as by-products at sawmills and pulpmills. An increase in this quantity will be obtained from integrated systems when components of existing harvesting tasks are improved, in particular delimbing by processing trees in bulk. Methods to improve profitability by the optimum allocation of the various portions of a tree to the different products, including energy wood, are being successfully implemented through the use of computer-based bucking algorithms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"22 1","pages":"Pages 145-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0144-4565(90)90013-A","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88019140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogas plants for small farms in Kenya","authors":"D.L. Day,&nbsp;T.H. Chen,&nbsp;J.C. Anderson ,&nbsp;M.P. Steinberg","doi":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90051-K","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0144-4565(90)90051-K","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper reports on the authors' efforts to improve the small farm community welfare in Kenya by promoting biogas technology. The survey showed that fuel was used in Kenyan farms mainly for cooking and lighting, and wood, crop residue, and charcoal were the predominant fuel sources. Mostly women collected firewood, fetched water, and cooked. Building a fire with these fuels was time-consuming, and smoke from these fires was damaging to the living environment. Hence, applying biogas technology to Kenyan small farms not only guarantees a reliable, renewable energy source, but also provides other benefits, such as cleaner household environments, better working conditions for housewives,</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100179,"journal":{"name":"Biomass","volume":"21 2","pages":"Pages 83-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0144-4565(90)90051-K","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83086335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}