Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries最新文献

{"title":"Status and prospects of the ornamental fish industry in Kenya","authors":"Jonathan M. Munguti,&nbsp;Jimmy B. Mboya,&nbsp;Jacob O. Iteba,&nbsp;James G. Kirimi,&nbsp;Kevin O. Obiero,&nbsp;Domitila N. Kyule,&nbsp;Mary A. Opiyo,&nbsp;Francis K. Njonge","doi":"10.1002/aff2.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.172","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kenya is a major player in the global ornamental trade, exporting substantial quantities of ornamental fish to the global market. The sector plays an important role in the country's economy through foreign exchange. However, the country's ornamental fish industry has not fully developed to generate more economic benefits. This paper sought to identify the existing opportunities for enhancing the production and trade of ornamental fish in the country. The findings reveal that there are opportunities for collection of native freshwater ornamental fish species from the vast freshwater resources in the country; for the culture of marine ornamental fish; for public aquariums as centres of recreation, conservation, research and education; and for employment and development of support industries. The findings also show that there are international legislations and national policies that create an enabling environment for the growth of the industry. To unlock the full potential of the industry, training and research, investment and infrastructure development, quality assurance, collaboration and networking, and environmental sustainability strategies need to be put in place. This will ensure Kenya's position as a key player in the global ornamental fish trade.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141156522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of two common antibiotics on the skin microbiome of ornamental reef fishes: Implications for manipulative experiments in microbial dynamics","authors":"Ana Pereira,&nbsp;Anya Brown,&nbsp;Davis Strobel,&nbsp;Marta C. Soares,&nbsp;Raquel Xavier,&nbsp;Amy Apprill,&nbsp;Paul Sikkel","doi":"10.1002/aff2.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.162","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An understanding of the mechanistic drivers of animal-microbial symbiosis and associations generally requires experiments that manipulate specific symbionts or microbial communities. As part of an ongoing study of the mechanisms that drive microbial communities in coral reef fishes, and specifically the role of cleanerfish in microbial transmission, we tested the effects of the commonly used antibiotics Enrofloxacin and Nitrofurazone on the skin microbiome of three ornamental reef fish species: the four-eyed butterflyfish, <i>Chaetodon capistratus</i> (Chaetodontidae), the cleanerfish neon goby <i>Elacatinus oceanops</i> (Gobiidae) and the beaugregory damselfish <i>Stegastes leucostictus</i> (Pomacentridae). Our main aim was to characterize dysbiosis prompted by the delivery of the two antibiotics and understand whether both could be used to establish good starting points for microbial transmission experiments. We bathed the fish in antibiotic (or no exposure in the controls), sampled the skin microbiota via swabbing at zero (before treatment) and 3 and 7 days during the treatments, and examined the microbial community using a 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach. Nitrofurazone reduced skin-associated microbial diversity in all species, whereas the same effect for Enrofloxacin was only seen in <i>S. leucostictus</i>. Although each antibiotic had its own, unique impact in microbial community, all treatments showed positive and negative shifts in the most abundant microbial taxa over time. Moreover, soon after the delivery of both antibiotics, increases in the abundance of opportunistic bacteria or potential pathogens, such as <i>Alteromonas</i> and <i>Vibrio</i>, were observed. Although both antibiotics are effective, Nitrofurazone more successfully reduces microbial diversity and therefore may be more ideal for experiments seeking to disrupt fish microbiomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140953085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial ecology and thermal preferences of muskellunge within a Midwest impoundment","authors":"John F. Bieber,&nbsp;Cory D. Suski","doi":"10.1002/aff2.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.169","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Muskellunge are a valuable sportfish species which has been stocked throughout North America. Stocking is a strategy to generate angling opportunities by introducing species to waterbodies that otherwise would not have contained the fish, such as impoundments and reservoirs. Therefore, understanding the ways fish interact with different waterbodies is critical for managers to understand. To that end, we utilized a year-long passive telemetry study with muskellunge in a reservoir known for its muskellunge angling. Additionally, we employed temperature loggers to track lake temperatures. We found that smaller female muskellunge were more resident at sites compared to similar-sized males, although fish did not exhibit site-specific preferences. We also found that fish moved high distances over the course of the year without time-specific differences. Furthermore, we found evidence that muskellunge was selected for thermal refuges in the reservoir; however, in summer, when water temperatures were elevated, fish inhabited water, which has been shown to increase incidental mortality. The results of this study indicate a need for muskellunge managers, especially in reservoirs, to consider water temperature in angling regulations. Additionally, our results highlight a need for adding habitat structure in reservoirs and altering stocking densities of fish. Collectively, these results will help inform managers on muskellunge spatial interactions within a reservoir and achieve management goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of micro-algae dietary oil replacement on growth, omega − 3 deposition and gut microbiome composition of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"Sergio Trevi,&nbsp;Tamsyn M. Uren Webster,&nbsp;Sofia Consuegra,&nbsp;Carlos Garcia de Leaniz","doi":"10.1002/aff2.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microalgae offer a sustainable source of omega − 3 fatty acids that can replace fish oil in aquafeeds, but the nutritional benefits are not always clear, particularly when microalgae are used as complete oil replacements in starter feeds. We compared the survival, growth, omega − 3 deposition and composition of the gut microbiota of juvenile mixed-sex Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) that had been fed over a 3-month period on six isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isocaloric aquafeeds that varied only on the contribution of fish oil, soya oil and microalgae (<i>Schizochytrium</i>) oil as lipid sources. Survival was not affected by diet, but fish fed a diet where the entire oil component (5%) was replaced by microalgae oil grew twice as fast as fish fed plant oil or a mixture of plant and fish oil. Dietary omega − 3 content was strongly correlated with omega − 3 deposition in the fish fillet. Complete replacement of fish oil by plant oil caused a significant decrease in the abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae and an increase in the abundance of Aeromonadaceae which is often associated with an inflammatory response in the fish gut. In contrast, when fish and soya oil in the reference diet were replaced by 100% microalgae oil, an increase in Mycobacteriaceae was observed. Our study indicates that <i>Schizochytrium</i> oil can be used to improve the growth of Nile tilapia and increase its omega − 3 content without any of the detrimental effects on the gut microbiome typically associated with some plant oil replacements.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.164","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140814130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervening fish post-harvest losses to narrow the gap between demand and supply: A review on magnitude of fish post-harvest losses in some Sub-Saharan African countries","authors":"Alemu Lema Abelti,&nbsp;Tilahun A. Teka","doi":"10.1002/aff2.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.168","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review was aimed to summarize the extent and causes of fish post-harvest losses (FPHLs) in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries and suggests the necessary intervention measures to narrow the gap between demand and supply. Globally, an estimate of 10–12 million tons of fish is lost per year. FPHLs in SSA are higher than those in other parts of the world. In SSA, the values of fisheries are estimated at 24 billion USD, 1.26% of the GDP of all the African countries and 6% of agriculture GDP. The vast majority of FPHLs in SSA occur at the production (39%), handling (36%), distribution (13%), processing (7%) and consumption (5%). The major factors that cause FPHLs in SSA were long time spent in hauling of fishing gears, spoilage, size discrimination, species preferences, operational losses, animal predation, poor handling practices, lengthy duration of fishing cycle, failure to use ice, lack of storage facilities, lack of transportation and insect infestation. FPHLs amount one third of total production and financial losses of 2–5 billion USD in SSA countries. Furthermore, volarization of fish waste and converting waste into useful substances is a promising approach to reduce fish waste. It can be recommended that improving fish production, live fish handling, processing, preserving, and marketing in SSA could narrow the gap between fish demand and supply.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.168","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140641903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stock assessment and reproductive biology of bluespotted seabream Pagrus caeruleostictus (family: Sparidae)","authors":"Clottey Michelle Naa Kordei,&nbsp;Aggrey-Fynn Joseph,&nbsp;Blay John,&nbsp;Arizi Evans Kwasi","doi":"10.1002/aff2.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.163","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bluespotted seabream <i>Pagrus caeruleostictus</i>, a member of the family Sparidae, is one of the high-priced seabream species in Ghana. Although the fish has been exploited in the Gulf of Guinea for over hundreds of years, there is scanty information on the state of the fish stock. Hence, we sought to investigate the exploitation status and aspects of the reproductive biology of the species by collecting monthly length and weight data for 18 months (February 2016 to July 2017). These data were fitted to growth and mortality models. The sexual maturity, fecundity and spawning seasons were also determined within the same period. The growth model of the fish revealed that the asymptotic length (<i>L_∞</i>) and growth coefficient (<i>K</i>) values determined were 52.7 cm (total length) and 0.52 year⁻¹, respectively. The mortality models also showed that the fishing mortality (<i>F</i>) of the fish was 2.20 year⁻¹, whereas its natural mortality (<i>M</i>) was 0.83 year⁻¹, with <i>F</i>/<i>M</i> &gt; 0.5 indicating that the fish is over-exploited. The lengths at first sexual maturity (<i>L</i>_m) of the males and females were 36.2 and 28.0 cm, respectively. <i>Pagrus caeruleostictus</i>, which was found to be highly fecund, had two spawning periods in a year, occurring in September and March, both with unimodal ova diameter frequency distributions. Based on these findings, we recommend that catch limits and other appropriate management measures (e.g. temporal and spatial closures) should be prescribed for the seabream fishery in the Gulf of Guinea to ensure the sustainability of the fishery.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140606275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salinity tolerance, growth and survival of three Artemia franciscana (Kellogg, 1906) populations under laboratory conditions","authors":"Morine M. Ngarari,&nbsp;Sheban M. Hinzano,&nbsp;Mary A. Opiyo,&nbsp;Derrick G. Rugendo,&nbsp;David O. Midumbi,&nbsp;Francis A. Okalo,&nbsp;Betty M. Nyonje,&nbsp;Charles C. Ngugi,&nbsp;Charles W. Gatune","doi":"10.1002/aff2.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.166","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the 1980s, <i>Artemia franciscana</i> from San Francisco Bay (SFB) was introduced into Kenyan saltworks, where it has colonized and established stable populations. However, little is known about its biology, particularly with respect to its parental SFB population. This study compared the salinity tolerances of Kenyan (KEN) population, their SFB progenitors and those of Great Salt Lake (GSL) populations. Growth and survival of these <i>A. franciscana</i> populations were evaluated under varying salinity levels in a laboratory set up. <i>A. franciscana</i> nauplii were cultured at a rate of 1 nauplii/mL in 36 Erlenmeyer flasks and fed microalgae (<i>Chaetoceros</i> sp.) at 1.5 × 10⁶ cells/animal/day for 8 days. Survival was evaluated daily and survivors were fixed in individual vials with Lugol solution. The total length of each fixed <i>A. franciscana</i> nauplii <i>specimen</i> was measured under a compound microscope. All populations were susceptible to salinities greater than 100 g/L. Compared with the parental SFB population, the KEN population exhibited significantly reduced survival and growth at 140 g/L, suggesting a narrower salinity tolerance range. These findings underscore the need for further studies focusing on other physiological parameters, abiotic factors and genetic characterization to confirm whether the KEN population is experiencing ecological adaptation. This will contribute to the optimization of <i>Artemia</i> practices in various salinity environments as a result of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.166","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140606274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The aggregation effect of offshore mussel farming on pelagic fishes","authors":"Danielle Bridger,&nbsp;Martin J. Attrill,&nbsp;Siân E. Rees,&nbsp;Emma V. Sheehan","doi":"10.1002/aff2.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.165","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The increase in hard artificial structures in the marine environment is contributing to ocean sprawl. As well as adding hard structure to the seabed, mussel aquaculture adds rope droppers and anchor lines to the water column, where such structure would otherwise be absent. This paper aims to monitor the effects of mussel headlines on the pelagic fish community over time, as well as to investigate whether there is an interaction between the age of cultivated mussels with the number of epibiota species and the abundance of pelagic fishes. Two surveys were carried out: a time series monitoring survey to assess whether the mussel headlines change the surrounding fish species relative to control areas over time, and a fish aggregation device effect survey to investigate whether older and larger mussels support greater abundances of pelagic fishes and epibiota. The most abundant fish species was Atlantic horse mackerel, <i>Trachurus trachurus</i>, with significantly greater numbers recorded around ropes growing older mussels. Results from the surveys show that the physical farm infrastructure has provided a substrate for colonisation by a variety of epibiota: A total of 21 species were recorded growing on the mussel ropes. Furthermore, the older and larger the mussels become, the greater the numbers of epibiota taxa that can colonise, coupled with a greater abundance of pelagic fish recorded around the ropes. The sustainable development of offshore Blue Industries is essential to produce renewable resources. This study brings essential evidence for marine managers and regulators that offshore mussel farming can provide benefits for pelagic and benthic species of both conservation and commercial importance while producing sustainable protein to feed a growing population.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140537911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lobster quality indicators for grading","authors":"Michelle Thériault,&nbsp;Aleasha David,&nbsp;Simone Samson,&nbsp;Stacey Frame,&nbsp;Zied Mdaini,&nbsp;Daniel Lane","doi":"10.1002/aff2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Male lobsters (<i>Homarus americanus</i>) harvested as ‘quarters’ (1.25 lbs/567 g) in two time periods (winter, <i>N</i> = 16, and summer, <i>N</i> = 25) of 2018 are examined. Indicators of quality data were collected for each lobster, including non-invasive measures (shell hardness, carapace length, sex, live weight, colour, body shape, location, time of harvest) and invasive measures (blood protein [BRIX] level at time of harvest, cooked weight, meat content). Lobster BRIX levels are used as a proxy for actual meat content and as the key indicator of lobster quality. A regression model of the relationship between the natural logarithmic transformation of lobster BRIX levels (independent variable) and meat content yield as a percentage of shell-on (uncooked) weight (dependent variable) is presented. The objective of this study is to evaluate alternative BRIX-based decision rules for achieving desired meat content percentage yields for preparing shipments to global markets. The present study found that BRIX-based grading rules can be determined to achieve minimum desired meat yields, minimum overall shipment yields and minimum proportions of shipments below desirable yield rate. For a minimum desired industry threshold of 24% meat content, the preferred BRIX value rules are (i) 8.5 mg mL⁻¹ and (ii) ‘9 mg mL⁻¹ with 10% plus condition’. These rules improve the admissibility of samples and reduce the risk of below desirable meat yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140348626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lakeshore areas of conservation interest: Characteristics of nursery areas of the threatened lake-dwelling grayling, Thymallus thymallus","authors":"Topi K. Lehtonen,&nbsp;Esa Hirvonen,&nbsp;Irma Kolari,&nbsp;Janne Ropponen,&nbsp;Kristiina Nyholm,&nbsp;Tapio Keskinen,&nbsp;Teppo Vehanen","doi":"10.1002/aff2.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.158","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research-based knowledge is essential for effective conservation and restoration of threatened aquatic species and habitats. Here, our aim was to gather this knowledge on the lake-dwelling grayling (<i>Thymallus thymallus</i>), typically a riverine fish. Such atypical populations are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts, including fishing pressure, climate change, eutrophication and waterway construction, some of which affect especially the early life stages. However, there is little information available to guide management and conservation of grayling in lakes. Accordingly, we assessed characteristics of the nursery areas in the threatened grayling population of Lake Puruvesi (eastern Finland). In particular, we used beach seines in two consecutive years to sample lakeshore sites (including islands) that were a priori presumed suitable for grayling. We assessed the occurrence of grayling fry (larvae and post-larvae &lt;40 mm in length) regarding depth, year, the site's exposure (fetch), bottom shear stress, substrate coarseness and shoreline's north–south orientation. Overall, we found grayling fry in low numbers at every fourth site, with the sites’ exposure and dominant substrate coarseness being most relevant variables. In particular, more exposed sites (i.e. with higher fetch values) and fine-grained substrates dominated by sand or gravel had more grayling fry. Average depth, bottom shear stress or shoreline orientation along the north–south axis did not have a significant effect. Together, the results suggest that the most important nursery areas for lake-dwelling grayling are lakeshore zones that are barren and exposed. Hence, the sites share characteristics with those used for reproduction by the more common riverine grayling. We hope that these findings will facilitate lake-dwelling grayling's management and conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140192329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}