Anthropocene Coasts最新文献

{"title":"Propelling drones as an avenue for sustainable governance among vulnerable coastal Small-Scale Fisheries (SSF) communities: an evidence-based study","authors":"Isaac Lukambagire,&nbsp;Baker Matovu,&nbsp;Amabile Manianga,&nbsp;Rao R. Bhavani","doi":"10.1007/s44218-025-00098-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-025-00098-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The importance of small-scale fisheries (SSF) for sustainable livelihoods and fish supply chains, especially in the global south, cannot be underestimated. However, in fisheries management, the role of small-scale fisherfolk is increasingly sidelined compared to that of commercial fisherfolk. With the increasing environmental shocks and human-induced pressures that have led to stock declines, novel approaches toward sustainable fisheries practices are needed. Emerging technologies, such as drones, are being proposed as a bridge to this in several regions. However, among SSF, drone applications, legal acceptability, and knowledge are still limited. In this study, a bibliometric analysis of 2485 documents and participant interactions with 48 fisherfolk in Alappad in Kerala, India, were conducted to: (i) identify the state of SSF, including the sustainable practices or technologies, (ii) address the challenges limiting the sustainable shift toward sustainable practices and technologies such as drones, (iii) document the relevance of drones in sustainability transformations, and (iv) develop components that can aid the development and operationalizations of drones among SSF. The findings revealed that SSF crucially drives the coastal communities’ food chain and sustains livelihoods. However, SSF are increasingly experiencing sustainability concerns, which are worsened by legal bottlenecks toward the use of drones. In areas where drones are utilized, they provide innumerable sustainability benefits. However, among artisanal fisherfolk in Alappad, drone use has not been leveraged. Nevertheless, artisanal fisherfolk's perceptions towards the use of drones for sustainability are becoming more positive. To tap into and sustain the emerging transformational capabilities and possibilities of using drones, we developed a roadmap consisting of fourteen components that can guide the suitable drone designs and operational needs for use among SSF. As positive attitudes and possibilities toward drone use are emerging, drone technological innovations that consider the abilities, potential, and capacities of small-scale fisherfolk should be emphasized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-025-00098-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The spatio-temporal analysis of land use changes & above-ground carbon stock in Sumbawa mangrove ecosystem, Indonesia","authors":"Jaka Putra Rahmajati,&nbsp;Vina Nurul Husna,&nbsp;Yulius Yulius,&nbsp;Taslim Arifin,&nbsp;Hadiwijaya L. Salim,&nbsp;Rinny Rahmania,&nbsp;Aprizon Putra,&nbsp;Muhammad Ramdhan,&nbsp;Anang Dwi Purwanto,&nbsp;August Daulat,&nbsp;Joko Prihantono,&nbsp;Hafidzuddin Fihrin,&nbsp;Farel A. Aditama","doi":"10.1007/s44218-025-00116-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-025-00116-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mangrove deforestation in Indonesia amounts to roughly 18,209 ha per year (18.26 MtCO₂e/year⁻¹). However, spatial and temporal integrative research in eastern Indonesia's coastal areas remains limited. This study aims to analyse mangrove forests' condition and spatio-temporal changes, compute above-ground carbon (AGC) as a basis for sustainable coastal management in Sumbawa Regency and support the 2030 Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target. This research merges UAV-RGB data (July 2024) and multitemporal PlanetScope imagery (2016 and 2024) to develop a Canopy Height Model (CHM) and calculate the AGC. Land use classification was accomplished using Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA)—Random Forest (RF), while changing trends were assessed using Modules for Land Use Change Evaluation/Simulations (MOLUSCE). AGC at the study site was in the range of 21—168 <span>({text{MgC}.text{ha}}^{-1})</span> (mean = 72.3 <span>({text{MgC}.text{ha}}^{-1})</span>, total = 8,999.9 <span>(text{MgC})</span>. The investigation found a change of 37.89 ha of mangrove area to barren and shrubland, resulting in an AGC loss of 2,739.5 <span>(text{MgC})</span>. However, there has been an increase in land use and changes in aquaculture and agriculture. This study proposes a novel approach by merging UAV data and time-series satellite images to increase the accuracy of AGC prediction in data-sparse locations. A nature-based Solution (NbS) is advocated as an integrated method for adaptive mangrove restoration and conservation, while still supporting the demands of the local community. This research presents a geographical framework that may be duplicated to create inclusive and adaptable coastal resource management plans and directly contribute to reaching the 2030 NDC targets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-025-00116-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges to estuarine freshwater resources and mechanisms of saltwater intrusion under large-scale reclamation projects","authors":"Wei Qiu,&nbsp;Tong Wu,&nbsp;Hua-long Luan,&nbsp;Yinjun Zhou,&nbsp;Chengwei Hu,&nbsp;Jianrong Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s44218-026-00125-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-026-00125-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hengsha Dongtan, with a reclamation area of ~ 106 km² initiated in 2006, is a key ecological agricultural development zone in Shanghai. However, freshwater intake for agriculture along its northern margin is significantly constrained by saltwater intrusion. Based on three months of field observations and ECOM-si, this study investigates the spatiotemporal patterns and driving mechanisms of saltwater intrusion under varying guaranteed flow rates and cold front conditions. Results demonstrate that during the mid tide after neap tide (MTAN), seaward water flux decreases by 55%, marking a high-risk period for saltwater intrusion. In contrast, saltwater intrusion is weakest during the mid tide after spring tide (MTAS), which favors freshwater intake. Under extremely dry year conditions, the allowable freshwater intake period at three intake points decreases to 12.9, 6.4, and 2.1 days, respectively. Cold fronts intensify saltwater intrusion through the North Channel (NC), significantly reducing the availability of agricultural freshwater. Salt flux decomposition reveals that landward advective transport driven by strong northerly winds is the dominant mechanism of saltwater intrusion. In addition, the Hengsha Shoal reclamation project, currently under construction with a planned area of about 300km², is expected to alter regional hydrodynamics. Simulation results under climatological conditions indicate that the project would weaken saltwater spillover (SSO) from the North Branch (NB) and direct saltwater intrusion from the NC, thereby improving freshwater intake conditions at source areas in the South Branch (SB).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-026-00125-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced local erosion in newly established Scirpus mariqueter salt marshes: evidence from UAV photogrammetry","authors":"Tianyou Li,&nbsp;Yuxin Bi,&nbsp;Yang Hu,&nbsp;Yuanhao Song,&nbsp;Lv Gong,&nbsp;Lin Su,&nbsp;Liming Xue,&nbsp;Xiuzhen Li","doi":"10.1007/s44218-025-00114-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-025-00114-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Newly established salt marsh vegetation may exert unexpected effects on sediment dynamics, yet direct high-resolution evidence remains scarce. To address this gap, this study monitored early-stage colonization of <i>Scirpus mariqueter</i> at Chongming Dongtan using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery acquired from July to September 2021. </p><p>Across all monitoring periods, a dynamic thresholding approach using the Green Leaf Index (GLI) enabled high-accuracy classification of vegetated versus unvegetated mudflats, with overall accuracies exceeding 99% and Kappa coefficients above 0.97. This robust classification enabled the identification of newly established vegetation as target areas for erosion analysis, while also ensuring reliable delineation of bare-surface areas for constructing digital elevation models (DEMs). The resulting DEMs achieved a spatial resolution of 5 cm and a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.034 m, enabling precise detection of microtopographic changes at the decimeter scale. </p><p>Orthophoto analysis revealed that scour pits observed in September closely mirrored the contour shapes and spatial boundaries of these newly established vegetation areas, with strong spatial congruence in both centroid location and perimeter extent. Statistical analysis showed that the average erosion depth within the newly established vegetation areas reached 12.5 ± 5.2 cm, significantly deeper than the 6.4 ± 5.5 cm observed in the adjacent bare mudflats. These findings suggest that the newly established <i>S. mariqueter</i> areas may have intensified local hydrodynamic processes, thereby enhancing sediment erosion. This indicates that, under natural colonization conditions, newly established vegetation establishment may induce negative geomorphic feedbacks, challenging the conventional assumption that vegetation consistently promotes surface stabilization in tidal wetlands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-025-00114-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental assessment of urban beaches using geotechnologies in a case study from the Vesuvian coast, Italy","authors":"Mariarca D’Aniello,&nbsp;Luca Lämmle,&nbsp;Vinicius Borges Moreira,&nbsp;Ilaria Panero,&nbsp;Archimedes Perez Filho,&nbsp;Carlo Donadio","doi":"10.1007/s44218-025-00119-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-025-00119-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Urban beaches are fragile transitional environments increasingly exposed to anthropogenic pressures and natural degradation processes. This study presents for the first time an integrated environmental and morphosedimentary approach of the San Giovanni a Teduccio shoreline, an urban beach located in eastern Naples, Italy, integrating drone imagery, bathymetry, and sediment analysis. UAV-based photogrammetry and bathymetric surveys provided high-resolution spatial data, which were processed using GIS and interpolation tools to construct morphometric and bathymetric models. Surface sediment samples collected along beach transects were analyzed for granulometric composition, grain shape, and microplastic content. Shoreline change analysis revealed a consistent erosional trend, moderately sorted medium to coarse sands, and a high prevalence of anthropogenic debris. Despite urbanization, native psammophilous vegetation persists, playing a crucial role in ecosystem stability. The findings underscore the urgent need for ecologically sound coastal management strategies and offer a replicable framework for analyzing similar urban coastal systems under the pressures of the Anthropocene.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-025-00119-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147335953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roman metallurgy and early Anthropocene footprints in Kerala, South India: geochemical reflections from Muziris sediments","authors":"Arun J. John,&nbsp;Indu G.K,&nbsp;Arunima M. Lal","doi":"10.1007/s44218-025-00115-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-025-00115-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates early anthropogenic environmental impact at the Pattanam archaeological site in Kerala, South India, identified as the ancient port of Muziris, through geochemical analysis of heavy metals, particularly lead (Pb). Sediment samples collected from a 3-m trench were analyzed using XRF, and contamination was assessed using Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), and Pollution Load Index (PLI). Results reveal significant Pb enrichment between 1.8- and 2.8-m depth, peaking at 2.6 m, aligning with the Early Historic period (200 BCE–400 CE), a time of active Indo-Roman trade. EF and Igeo values confirm that Pb contamination is of anthropogenic origin, likely stemming from local recycling of Roman materials, metallurgical activity, and the importation of goods. A marked decline in Pb levels in the overlying layers reflects the post-Roman decline of Muziris, possibly linked to the 1341 CE flood that reshaped regional trade patterns. This research not only connects South Indian archaeological layers to global Roman-era pollution signals but also contributes to ongoing debates on the onset of the Anthropocene by highlighting early human-induced environmental change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-025-00115-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mercury concentrations within Peruvian mangrove sediments","authors":"Wilson Machado,&nbsp;Breno Rodrigues,&nbsp;Victor de Freitas,&nbsp;Anderson Rocha,&nbsp;Christiane Duyck,&nbsp;Adan Lino,&nbsp;Olaf Malm,&nbsp;Christian J. Sanders,&nbsp;Matthieu Carré,&nbsp;Alexander Pérez","doi":"10.1007/s44218-026-00127-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-026-00127-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The assessment of mercury (Hg) contamination in Peruvian mangrove sediments was conducted across two contrasting environments: the anthropogenically impacted mangrove forest of “Puerto Pizarro” (PP), affected by shrimp aquaculture, mining activities, and urban expansion, and the relatively pristine Mangrove Sanctuary of Tumbes (MS). In PP, Hg concentrations ranged from 291 to 177 ng g⁻¹, yielding a Pollution Index (PI) of 1.6 and exceeding the sediment quality guideline defined by the Effect Range Low (ERL; 150 ng g⁻¹), indicative of potential Hg toxicity. In contrast, Hg concentrations in MS ranged from 135 to 17 ng g⁻¹, remaining below the ERL and within natural background levels reported for Peruvian marine sediments. Using the estimated mean background concentration in MS sediments (70 ng g⁻¹), enrichment factors of up to 3.2 were observed in PP sediments. Mercury concentrations in MS exhibited significant positive correlations with fine-grained sediments (silt and clay; r = 0.66) and reactive iron phases (r = 0.70), reflecting natural geochemical controls on Hg accumulation. Conversely, no significant correlations were detected in PP, suggesting that anthropogenic inputs override sedimentological and geochemical processes. This study provides the first assessment of Hg concentrations in mangrove ecosystems located at the eastern South Pacific distributional limit and highlights the role of mangroves as effective biogeochemical barriers that mitigate Hg transfer to adjacent coastal ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-026-00127-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146083096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineating spatiotemporal variations of coastal ecosystem service value from the ‘past-current-future’ perspective","authors":"Yanzhong Yao,&nbsp;Junru Zhou,&nbsp;Changgeng Jia,&nbsp;Pinjie Su,&nbsp;Youtao Song","doi":"10.1007/s44218-026-00124-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-026-00124-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insufficient understanding of coastal natural resources hinders the efforts to reconcile economic development and ecological protection. The dynamics of ecosystem service value (ESV) needs to be assessed for opening opportunities in understanding the ecological consequences of human activities. This study identifies the spatiotemporal patterns of ESV from the “past-present-future” perspective, coupling hotspot analysis, geo-detector and patch-generating land simulation model into the framework of ESV assessment. Land use resources in Liaoning coastal zone over past two decades that are utilized for wetlands (-31.86%), croplands (-11.38%) and grasslands (-4.76%) decreased to different degrees, whereas built-up lands increased by 100.02%. The magnitude of coastal ESVs is 149.41 billion CNY over past two decades average, and has shown constant fluctuations as a consequence of land use changes. The distribution of ESVs evolved towards greater coverage of cold spots and smaller hot spot areas during 2000–2020 year. Watersheds and wetlands with 13.25% and 3.77% of total area contribute 70.37% and 8.29% of total ESVs, respectively, especially in water supply, hydrological regulation, and biodiversity. Compared to 2020 year, the value of ESVs in 2050 year increased to 212.72 and 311.48 billion CNY for economic and ecological (maximize ecosystem service/ecological capacity) scenarios, respectively, whereas decreased to 89.14 billion CNY for baseline scenario. Intense human activities are going to reshape the patterns of ESV generated from coastal natural resources. These findings provide timely and precisely evidence for balancing ecological protection and economic development in the context of Liaoning coastal construction from now on.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-026-00124-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146083095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial modelling of mangrove AGC stock using vegetation indices and LULC changes in coastal area of Teluknaga and Kosambi, Indonesia","authors":"Ramzan Pradana Maulsyid,&nbsp;Willdan Aprizal Arifin,&nbsp; Yulius,&nbsp;Taslim Arifin,&nbsp;Anang Dwi Purwanto,&nbsp;Aprizon Putra,&nbsp;Muhammad Ramdhan,&nbsp;Rinny Rahmania,&nbsp;Joko Prihantono,&nbsp;Hendry Frananda,&nbsp;Hadiwijaya L. Salim,&nbsp; Triyatno","doi":"10.1007/s44218-025-00117-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-025-00117-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mangrove ecosystem along the coast of Indonesia has experienced degradation and loss of carbon stocks due to extensive coastal development and land conversion. This study aims to develop a spatial model for estimating Above-Ground Carbon (AGC) stocks in the mangrove forests of Teluknaga and Kosambi in 2019, 2022, and 2025. Using Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) was classified using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm, resulting in five main classes including water bodies, mangrove, vegetation, bareland, and built-up area. Vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI, SAVI, and ARVI) were specifically calculated for mangrove areas to construct a linear regression model against the reference AGB values obtained from secondary data. Results indicate that ARVI is the best predictor (R² = 0.80; RMSE = 40.98). The maximum AGC value recorded was 177.47 MgC ha⁻¹ in 2019, decreasing to 153.36 MgC ha⁻¹ in 2022 and plummeting to 111.62 MgC ha⁻¹ in 2025. This decline is also reflected in the total carbon stock in the study area, which fell from 987,973.4 MgC to 595,583.8 MgC. This is related to the reduction in mangrove area from 368.45 ha in 2019 to 261.16 ha in 2025. Spatially, the conversion of mangrove to bareland and built-up area reached a total of 122.72 ha, with a predominance of conversion to bareland (78.66 ha) and to built-up area (44.06 ha). This study presents novelty through the utilisation of LULC changes as a spatial approach in estimating carbon reserves and provides a scientific basis for the protection of mangrove ecosystems amidst coastal development pressures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-025-00117-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146082970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine pollution: the global challenge of ocean contaminants and mitigation efforts","authors":"S. M. Kenneth Wijesinghe,&nbsp;B. G. Hasitha Dilshan Karunarathna,&nbsp;W. K. Maheshika Gayathri Kumarawansha,&nbsp;K. L. A. Avidya Ravishani Liyanage,&nbsp;P. H. M. Shanika Ravihari Pahathkumbura,&nbsp;A. G. Malshi Imasha Rajawardhana,&nbsp;W. M. Nimesha Kalhari Samaranayake,&nbsp;M. I. Fathima Sawmiya,&nbsp;Krishan Sanjaya Wetthasinghe,&nbsp;Amila Sandaruwan Ratnayake","doi":"10.1007/s44218-025-00107-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44218-025-00107-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marine pollution threatens ocean ecosystems and human health through eutrophication, bioaccumulation, and habitat degradation. This article discusses chemical contaminants, nutrient pollution and eutrophication, marine debris, ocean noise pollution, global and regional hotspots of ocean pollution, the impact of pollution on marine biodiversity, mitigation strategies and global effects, restoration and cleanup efforts, and challenges and future outlooks in marine pollution. The excess nutrient levels disturb ecological balances, cause harmful algal blooms, and threaten biodiversity and coastal economies. While plastic pollution has received widespread attention, marine debris also includes non-plastic materials such as metal, glass, rubber, and textiles. Ocean noise pollution, primarily from shipping, seismic exploration, and military sonar, significantly disrupts marine ecosystems by interfering with the communication, navigation, and behavioral patterns of marine species. The buildup of plastic gyres such as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a key contributor to global ocean pollution. Remote polar regions can also show significant accumulation of pollutants due to long-distance marine and atmospheric transportation. Multi-faceted and integrated approaches, such as global regulatory frameworks, technological innovation, waste management improvement, and public engagement, are required to decrease ocean pollution. The growing awareness of marine pollution, especially for plastic debris, has fueled the pick-up trash before it disperses into the open ocean. Meanwhile, ecosystem restoration, ranging from mangrove replanting to coral reef rehabilitation, is crucial in rebuilding degraded marine habitats and promoting resilience to subsequent environmental and climatic pressures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100098,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene Coasts","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44218-025-00107-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145983389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}