Agricultural Administration and Extension最新文献_第4页

Required changes to the project management cycle to facilitate participatory rural development 需要改变项目管理周期，以促进参与式农村发展

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90044-X

P.W.C. Hoare, Bruce R. Crouch

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引用次数: 3

An alternative method of area measurement for large agricultural surveys 一种用于大型农业调查的面积测量方法

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90030-X

J.E. Moes, G. Sharrock

{"title":"An alternative method of area measurement for large agricultural surveys","authors":"J.E. Moes, G. Sharrock","doi":"10.1016/0269-7475(88)90030-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0269-7475(88)90030-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The unsuitability of current ‘objective’ methods used in agricultural surveys of smallholder farming in Africa has often been stressed but scientifically tested alternative methods that may be used to replace them are yet to be developed. The present paper reports on the ‘Longest Diagonal Method’ of area estimation, with which encouraging results have been obtained in Malawi.</p><p>The field work consists of measuring the longest distance within the area (farm plots) from one end to another: in the testing stage, area estimates based on this variable, designated LD, were compared with the ‘known’ area as measured with tape and compass. At an early stage of our experimentation, an approach involving the computation of the mean of a factor F relating LD to the area A was rejected, and this was replaced by regression analysis in which a second diagonal, designated as the perpendicular or P, is also playing a role in combination with LD. This second diagonal P runs at a 90° angle from the midpoint of LD to the edges of the plot, and since the introduction of P the field work consisted of measuring both LD and P. After the introduction of shape classification based on the ratio R = P/LD as an indicator of a field's degree of compactness, valid aggregate area estimates were obtained and as regards farm size classification the results were also quite acceptable.</p><p>Hitherto, efforts to find alternative, more cost-effective methods that would enable agricultural surveys to provide reliable information on crop production at project level of disaggregation have focused almost exclusively on the possibility of using farmers' own estimates. However, this method taken in isolation has its limitations and to be fully effective a breakthrough in this direction, one way or another, needs to be complemented by a less cumbersome approach towards area estimation. While improved area estimation has merits in its own right as well, the most significant effect of the present contribution will be found in this combination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100060,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration and Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0269-7475(88)90030-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76997469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shorter notice 较短的通知

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90041-4

引用次数: 0

Spatial and seasonal price differences: A case study of sorghum producers in Sudan 空间和季节价格差异:以苏丹高粱生产者为例

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90053-0

Babiker Idris, Donald W. Larson

引用次数: 3

National agricultural research programmes in Sahelian countries of West Africa: Problems and recommendations 西非萨赫勒国家的国家农业研究计划:问题和建议

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90038-4

Kanayo F. Nwanze

引用次数: 3

Small farmers' perceptions of obstacles to improved rice cultivation in Bangladesh 孟加拉国小农对改善水稻种植障碍的看法

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90110-9

M. Abul Kashem, Gwyn E. Jones

{"title":"Small farmers' perceptions of obstacles to improved rice cultivation in Bangladesh","authors":"M. Abul Kashem, Gwyn E. Jones","doi":"10.1016/0269-7475(88)90110-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0269-7475(88)90110-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The purpose of this paper is to examine the character and relative importance of obstacles to the adoption of modern rice cultivation practices as perceived by small farmers in Bangladesh. Such farmers form the dominant class in the country's largely agricultural population. The data presented are based on information collected from 205 small farmers near Mymensingh during four months in 1983. The opinions of these farmers were also sought on measures which might be used to remove the obstacles.</p><p>Relatively few grew only high-yielding varieties of rice, although approximately a third grew HYVs to some extent. The findings show the prime importance they attach to obstacles to their adoption of plant protection practices as deterrents to their acceptance of a modern rice cultivation system. In particular, because of their poverty they are unable to obtain and service many of the necessary practices, while those which they can acquire are often not available to them at appropriate times. They blame the commercial channels which supply inputs for this to a large extent. The farmers consider that cheaper equipment, greater access to irrigated land, and the timely availability of inputs could overcome many of the obstacles. Extension workers need to appreciate farmers' own perceptions of their problems and means of overcoming them if they are to offer useful advice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100060,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Administration and Extension","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0269-7475(88)90110-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87160419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Agents, vendors, and farmers: Agricultural technology transfer in Ecuador 代理商、供应商和农民:厄瓜多尔的农业技术转让

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90056-6

L. Van Crowder

引用次数: 2

Women and the rationalisation of smallholder agriculture 妇女与小农农业合理化

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90060-8

J. Doorenbos, B. Haverkort, J. Jiggins

引用次数: 2

Participatory evaluation of farmer organizations' capacity for development tasks 参与性评价农民组织执行发展任务的能力

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90047-5

Norman Uphoff

引用次数: 38

Water Planning in Arid Sudan 干旱苏丹的水资源规划

Agricultural Administration and Extension Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7475(88)90064-5

D.S. Thornton

引用次数: 0