Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Andrographolide Sulfonate Injection for Adjunctive Treatment of Non-severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Lian-Han Shang, Guo-Hui Fan, Li-Ping Chen, Jian-Hua Liu, Xiao-Ge Wang, Bo Liu, Gui-Zhen Tian, Xi-Sheng Chen, Jia-Xing Yu, Guo-Ru Yang, Xin Su, Xue-Dong Liu, Yu-Ping Li, Shu-Feng Xu, Yu-Hong Lin, Jie Cao, Wei Zhang, Wen-Shuai Feng, Zhi-Gang Cai, Qi-Hu Wang, Jin-Xiang Wang, Yu-Guang Wang, Jin Chen, Yong-Xiang Zhang, Xiao-Jing Cui","doi":"10.1007/s11655-025-3932-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-025-3932-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect and safety of Andrographolide Sulfonate (AS) Injection for adjunctive treatment of non-severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial. Adult patients with non-severe CAP were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the AS or control group using a stratified block randomization method. Patients received either intravenous AS Injection (500 mg once per day) or placebo for 5 d. Both groups were treated with guideline-based standard therapy simultaneously. The primary outcome was time to clinical stability. Secondary outcomes were initial treatment failure rate, time to fever recovery, length of hospital stay, duration of intravenous antibiotic treatment, and cost of hospitalization. Safety outcomes included adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From September 2016 to April 2019, 482 patients were randomized into AS or control group (241 cases per group), and all were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. The median time to clinical stability was 1 h shorter in the AS group than that in the control group [hazard ratio (HR) 1.440; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.194, 1.736; log rank P<0.01]. AS group had 5 h shorter median time to fever recovery than the control group (HR 1.461; 95% CI 1.150, 1.857; log rank P<0.01). The initial treatment failure rate was significantly lower in the AS group than that in the control group (6.3% vs. 16.0%, P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay, duration of intravenous antibiotics treatment, and cost of hospitalization between groups (P>0.05). The proportion of patients with at least 1 AE was 41.5% in the AS group and 40.6% in the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adjunctive AS Injection probably accelerates the clinical stability and lowers the initial treatment failure rate in adult hospitalized patients with non-severe CAP, but the absolute clinical benefits are marginal. Its use should take into account efficacy, safety, cost, and Chinese medicine syndrome classification. (Trial registration No. NCT02913118).</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"771-779"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145899161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astilbin Confers Radioprotection in Lung Injury via p53-Mediated Suppression of Oxidative Damage and Apoptosis.","authors":"Qian-Xin Hu, Xue Ou, Ya-Qin Huang, Jing Qin, Jing Liu, Ting-Ting Zhang, Xue-Ting Yan, Xian Liang, Wei-Mei Huang, Kai Hu","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3945-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-3945-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which astilbin (AST) prevents and mitigates radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) both in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vitro, murine-derived lung epithelial cells (TC-1) were transfected with either wild-type (WT) or mutant (Mut) p53 overexpression plasmid, and exposed to 6 Gy of radiation and subsequently treated with 50 µ g/mL AST or DMSO. Cellular assays, including Western blot, immunofluorescence, TUNEL and flow cytometry, were employed to assess expressions of acetylation p53 (Ap53), phosphorylated histone H2AX (γ-H2AX), Bax and Bcl-2, as well as apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, respectively. For in vivo experiment, 12 female p53-WT and 12 female p53-homozygous knockout (KO) mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups per genotype (n=3 per group) using block randomization. p53-WT and p53-KO mice received either normal saline or AST [50 mg/(kg·d)], followed by 15 Gy whole-thorax irradiation or not. Lung injury was assessed at 6 weeks post-irradiation via hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of p53 and Ap53.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vitro, AST markedly reduced Ap53, ROS levels, γ-H2AX expression, and apoptosis in WT-p53 cells, whereas no noticeable protective effects were observed in Mut-p53 cells (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In vivo studies showed AST effectively mitigated RILI in p53-WT mice while exhibiting no significant effects in p53-KO mice. Additionally, IHC analysis revealed that AST decreased p53 protein and Ap53 levels in the lung tissue of p53-WT mice, but had no impact on p53-KO mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AST alleviates radiation-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis by inhibiting Ap53.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"780-788"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Effects of Intranasal Curcumin in Parkinson's Disease Model Rats: Inhibition of Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Rui-Fang She, Qian Zhang, Fang-Fang Zhao, Kun Yang, Qian Chen, Yi-Feng Yang, Hong-Jun Li, Xiao-Hong Li, Xiang-Ting Li","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3937-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-3937-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the potential of intranasal curcumin (IN-CUCM) administration in alleviating anxio-depressive disorders in a rotenone (Rot)-induced Parkinson's disease (PD) rat model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult male Wistar rats were administered Rot [3 mg/(kg·d)] for 14 d to induce PD and subsequently treated with IN-CUCM [2.5, 5, or 10 mg/(kg·d)] or fluoxetine [FLU, 10 mg/(kg·d)] for an additional 14 d (n=14 per group). Behavioral tests, including open field test, forced swimming test, and tail suspension test, were conducted to evaluate depression- and anxiety-like symptoms. The hippocampal (HPC) and prefrontal cortical (PFC) samples were analyzed for antioxidant enzymes (glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase), oxidative stress (OS) markers (malondialdehyde and nitrite), and inflammatory mediators [nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1 (Casp-1), apoptosis-associated specklike protein (ASC), and cytokines] using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Molecular docking verification was also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IN-CUCM [5 and 10 mg/(kg·d)] significantly ameliorated anxio-depressive-like behaviors of PD rats induced by Rot, and regulated OS biomarkers and endogenous antioxidants in both HPC and PFC (P<0.01). Additionally, IN-CUCM attenuated neuroinflammatory responses by downregulating NF-κB, ASC, NLRP3, and Casp-1, and modulating cytokines in these brain regions (P<0.01). Molecular docking analysis revealed a high affinity of CUCM for the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IN-CUCM effectively alleviates anxio-depressive-like behaviors in PD by mitigating OS and neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"789-797"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-target Therapeutic Potential of Baicalin in Respiratory Diseases: Mechanisms and Clinical Prospects.","authors":"Lan-Nan Yang, Jun-Yan Wang, Xia Ding, Qiong-Jie Jiao, Qian Ni","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3966-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-3966-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"836-845"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Progress of Mechanisms Underlying Post-Stroke Depression and Music Therapy.","authors":"Jia-Heng Li, Yu-Xuan Wang, Guang-Yu Wang, Zi-Han Yin, Hao-Shuang Li, Bing-Bing Han","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3964-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-3964-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"856-864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148249456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astragaloside IV Mitigates Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury via Regulating Microglial Polarization and Neuroinflammation Mediated by cGAS/STING Pathway.","authors":"Wen-Chao Ding, Yong-Jun Wang, Lu Cao, Wen-Hao Ding, Shu-Qing Yu, Wen-Jing Zheng, Yue-Cheng Cui, Lin-Mei Wang, Shao-Hua Chen, Ning Li, Hao Xu, Qian-Qian Liang, Jin-Man Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3954-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-3954-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-related brain injury and explore the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of related signaling pathways on SAH were analyzed through stimulator of interferon gene (STING) knockout and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in mice. In vitro, mouse BV2 microglial cell line was stimulated with hemin to establish a model mimicking SAH. AS-IV was administered after SAH. Neurological deficits and the therapeutic effects of AS-IV in mice were assessed using modified Garcia scores. ELISA and Western blot were employed to measure the expressions of inflammatory factors and the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/STING signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro, respectively. TUNEL staining was used to evaluate neuronal apoptosis, Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining for neuronal degeneration, immunofluorescence for microglial activation and polarization, and flow cytometry for myeloid cell changes in peripheral blood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The knockout of STING alleviated early brain injury following SAH (P<0.01). RNA-seq revealed the activation of the cGAS/STING and NF-κB related pathways following SAH. In vitro, hemin elevated cGAS-STING and inflammatory factor levels in microglial cells, while AS-IV significantly inhibited these effects (P<0.05 or P<0.01). SAH mice showed reduced neurological scores, obvious systemic inflammation, increased neuronal apoptosis and degeneration, with elevated cGAS-STING pathway and inflammatory factors in brain tissue (P<0.05 or P<0.01). AS-IV suppressed these effects and improved microglial activation and morphology (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the early stage of brain injury following SAH, AS-IV regulates microglial polarization through the cGAS/STING pathway, thus improving neurological outcomes and alleviating neuroinflammation. AS-IV may be an effective therapeutic agent for the pathology of neuroinflammation following SAH.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"798-806"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of Different Brainstem Nuclei Involved in Electroacupuncture-Induced Analgesia.","authors":"Chao-Ran Zhang, Zi-You Bai, Hong-Chun Xiang, Ren-Jie Qin, Kai-Ling Zhang, Ling-Ling Yu, Xiang-Hong Jing, Man Li, Jing Li","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3965-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-3965-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"846-855"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginsenoside Rg2 Targeting PDHE1 α to Improve High Glucose-Induced Hippocampal Neuronal Damage Based on CETSA Experiment.","authors":"Lian-Lian Zhu, Dan-Feng Fan, Qi-Ge Wang, Tong Lu, Li-Bin Zhan","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3946-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-3946-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the effect of ginsenoside Rg2 (G-Rg2) targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha (PDHE1 α) on its downstream energy metabolism to repair damaged hippocampal neurons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The binding affinity between G-Rg2 and PDHE1 α was obtained by molecular docking (MD) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The thermal stability of Rg2 binding to PDHE1 α protein was evaluated by cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), and the binding of Rg2 to PDHE1 α protein was further confirmed by isothermal dose-response curve. The mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line (HT22) was divided into 2 main groups: a PDHE1 α transfection control group and a PDHE1 α silencing group. Each main group was further subdivided into 3 treatment groups: a normal group (untreated), a high-glucose injury model group, and a Rg2 adminis0tration group. The downstream molecules and metabolites of PDHE1 α such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), and the oxidized/reduced ratio of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺/NADH ratio) were measured. The energy metabolism patterns of each group were analyzed using the hippocampus bioenergy analyzer to further confirm the interaction between Rg2 and PDHE1 α and the biological effect of the interaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MD and SPR techniques found that G-Rg2 directly bound to the target protein PDHE1 α and significantly improved its thermal stability. Isothermal dose-response results were consistent with these findings. The high glucose-induced HT22 cell injury model showed abnormal phenotypes including decreased PDH enzyme activity, increased ROS, decreased ATP production, an imbalanced NAD⁺/NADH ratio, decreased acetyl-CoA production, and altered glucose metabolism. After G-Rg2 intervention, different degrees of metabolic recovery were observed (P<0.05 or P<0.01). When PDHE1 α was silenced, the silenced group showed a similar metabolic damage phenotype induced by high glucose, compared with the normal group. After PDHE1 α silencing, glucose modeling further aggravated the damage. In the injury model of PDHE1 α silencing with glucose induction, G-Rg2 showed different degrees of metabolic recovery after intervention (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PDHE1 α can be used as a direct cell target for G-Rg2 to treat high glucose-injured neurons, which can provide data support for the protein activity of PDHE1 α and the pharmacological activity of G-Rg2 in improving neurodegenerative diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"807-816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naoxueshu Oral Liquid Promotes Hematoma Absorption and Relieves Neurological Symptoms in Chronic Subdural Hematoma Patients: A Prospective, Single-Arm, Self-Controlled Study.","authors":"Yan-Ping Tong, Li Li, Xiao-Han Zhang, Wei-Ming Liu, Liang Wu, Wei Wei, Tao Yang, Zhi-Hong Li, Hong-You Fan, Yong-Ping Fan","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3958-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-3958-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the potential of Naoxueshu Oral Liquid (NXS) to promote hematoma absorption in patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From September 2020 to August 2023, 60 patients with CSDH confirmed by computed tomography (CT) scan were enrolled in this prospective clinical trial. All patients received NXS at a dose of 10 mL thrice daily for 90 d. The outcomes included changes in maximal hematoma thickness (MHT), scores of Markwalder Grading Scale-Glasgow Coma Scale (MGS-GCS) and Barthel Index (BI) on days 30, 60, 90, and 180 from baseline, as well as the relapse rate by day 180. For subgroup analysis, patients aged over 60 years were divided into an elderly group (60-74 years) and an oldest-old group (> 75 years) to evaluate the effect of NXS in older individuals. Safety was also assessed during the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants were included in the full analysis set (FAS) according to the modified intention-to-treat principle. On day 90, MHT significantly decreased from 16.00 [interquartile range [(IQR) 12.00-24.60] mm to 3.75 (IQR 0-10.00) mm (P<0.01), with complete hematoma absorption observed in 30% (18/60) of patients. MGS-GCS scores on days 90 and 180 and BI on day 180 significantly improved compared with baseline (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The relapse rate on day 180 was 1.5% (1/60) in the FAS. Both subgroups showed significant within-group improvements in MHT, MGS-GCS, and BI (P<0.01). Intergroup differences were noted in MHT, BI, and MGS-GCS at specific time points (P<0.05 or P<0.01). No treatment-related adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NXS may promote hematoma absorption and improve neurological impairment in patients with CSDH. These findings suggest that NXS represents a potentially effective treatment for CSDH. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2400090565).</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"829-835"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gypenosides Induce Preadipocyte Browning via FXR/Rubicon Pathway-Mediated Inhibition of Autophagy.","authors":"Yan-Qiu Wang, Chao Chen, You-Kui Shen","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-4043-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-026-4043-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether gypenosides (GPs) induce preadipocyte browning via famesoid X receptor (FXR)/Rubicon-mediated autophagy inhibition and ameliorate obesity-related metabolic disorders in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In vitro, differentiated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were treated with 1-6 µ g/mL GPs. Browning markers [uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1 α), PR domain containing 16 (Prdm16)], autophagy markers [microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 form II/form I (LC3II/LC3I), Beclin-1, recombinant autophagy related protein 7 (ATG7), p62], and FXR/Rubicon expression were assessed by Western blot and qPCR. FXR knockdown was performed using shRNA lentivirus. Autophagic flux was evaluated using an mRFP-GFP-LC3 tandem reporter. In vivo, high-fat diet-induced obese mice were randomly divided into 5 groups using a random number sequence (n=6 per group): control, model, low- and high-dose GPs (300, 600 mg/kg per day by oral gavage, respectively), and sitagliptin (SIT, 30 mg/kg daily) groups. All treatments were administered daily for 12 weeks. Metabolic parameters, adipocyte histology, and protein expression in inguinal white adipose tissue were then analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GPs (3-6 µ g/mL) significantly upregulated UCP1, PGC-1α, and Prdm16 protein levels and reduced the LC3II/LC3I ratio compared with the differentiation medium control (all P<0.01). FXR and Rubicon expression were increased by GPs (P<0.01). FXR knockdown abolished these effects (P<0.01). In obese mice, GPs (600 mg/kg) reduced body weight, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose, decreased adipocyte size, and increased UCP1, PGC-1α, Prdm16, FXR, and Rubicon while decreasing LC3II/LC3I, Beclin-1, and ATG7 compared with the model group (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GPs activate FXR/Rubicon signal pathway to inhibit autophagy, inducing preadipocyte browning and offering a novel herbal-based anti-metabolic diseases strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}