Wiley最新文献

{"title":"Glia Preserve Their Own Functions While Compensating for Neighboring Glial Cell Dysfunction.","authors":"Allison N Beachum, Gabriela Salazar, Amelia Nachbar, Kevin Krause, Hannah Klose, Kate Meyer, Ariana Maserejian, Grace Ross, Hannah Boyd, Thaddeus Weigel, Lydia Ambaye, Hayes Miller, Hannah Grote, Jaeda Coutinho-Budd","doi":"10.1002/glia.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glial cells are essential for nervous system development, homeostasis, and disease response, engaging in close interactions with neurons and other glial cells to carry out their functions. A large focus of glial studies has been on investigating how these cells work with neurons to execute their supportive roles, yet glial-glial interactions are even less well understood. Our previous work established that the loss of the secreted neurotrophin, Spätzle 3 (Spz3), from Drosophila cortex glia (CG) results in the morphological degradation of CG during mid to late larval development, where they lose their intricate interactions with neurons and other glial subtypes. Building on this work, we found that the loss of CG-neuron interactions triggers aberrant infiltration and functional compensation from all neighboring glial cell types-astrocytes, ensheathing glia (EG), and subperineurial glia (SPG)-and that both the CG disruption and surrounding aberrant glial extensions are inhibited by blocking CNS growth. These aberrant glial processes are able to compensate for at least one major CG function, the clearance of apoptotic neuronal corpses via Draper-mediated engulfment. Remarkably, even as astrocytes, EG, and SPG divert their cellular resources to extend into new territories and take on new functions, they continue to maintain their normal homeostatic roles such as synaptic remodeling (astrocytes), post-injury clearance of neurite debris (ensheathing glia), and regulation of the blood-brain barrier (SPG). These findings reveal that multiple glial subtypes can dynamically respond to nearby glial dysfunction to preserve CNS homeostasis, highlighting the resilience and adaptability of glia across subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":174,"journal":{"name":"Glia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green and Sustainable Chemistry Approaches on Azide-Based Click Reactions in Polymer Science.","authors":"Hatice Mutlu, Bercis Pektas, C Remzi Becer, Azra Kocaarslan","doi":"10.1002/marc.202500171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.202500171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Click Chemistry, particularly the azide-alkyne cycloaddition (AAC) reaction, has revolutionized polymer chemistry, enabling precise and efficient synthesis of advanced functional materials. With its high regioselectivity, mild reaction conditions, and versatility, AAC reactions align closely with the principles of Green and Sustainable Chemistry. However, the core principles of Click Chemistry, particularly its compatibility with Green Chemistry ideals-such as reduced waste, high atom economy, and mild reaction conditions-remain insufficiently emphasized in the context of polymer chemistry. The review evaluates current limitations in AAC-particularly the challenges associated with hazardous azide reagents and reliance on non-renewable resources-and explores innovative solutions, including greener catalysts, solvent-free systems, and the incorporation of renewable feedstocks. Additionally, the review presents a comparison of activation methods, spanning thermal, catalytic, metal-free, and strain-promoted pathways, to highlight their respective advantages and trade-offs in sustainability. Practical applications of AAC in polymer design are discussed, showcasing its role in creating materials with tailored properties such as thermal stability, bioactivity, and electronic functionality. This analysis provides a roadmap for future research to optimize AAC for sustainability without compromising its effectiveness in materials design.</p>","PeriodicalId":205,"journal":{"name":"Macromolecular Rapid Communications","volume":" ","pages":"e00171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Twist Domains in Monolayer MoS₂ through 4D-STEM and Unsupervised Machine Learning.","authors":"Koji Kimoto, Ovidiu Cretu, Koji Harano, Fumihiko Uesugi, Jun Kikkawa, Kohei Aso, Yoshifumi Oshima, Takashi Matsumoto, Yoshiki Sakuma","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202501065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dichalcogenides, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), are being studied extensively due to their 2D feature and various material properties. Although crystal structures are critical for applications, conventional atomic structure analyses have a limited field of view. In this study, the crystal domains of monolayer MoS₂ synthesized by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) are analyzed using 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and unsupervised machine learning. Twist domains (±11°) are identified through the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) and hierarchical clustering of numerous (>22k) diffraction patterns from a wide field of view. Preprocessing for detecting noncentrosymmetry effectively visualizes the polarities of distinct MoS₂ domains by highlighting the violation of Friedel's law in diffraction physics. Analyses reveal that the specimen deposited on Al₂O₃ (0001) at 850 °C consists of domains measuring ≈100 nm in size and featuring many mirror-twin boundaries. The findings provide valuable insights into optimizing the MOCVD process and elucidating crystal growth mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e01065"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volcano-Type Behavior in Spatially Resolved Electron Transfer and Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Mapping over 2D Electrocatalysts.","authors":"Septia Kholimatussadiah, Mohammad Qorbani, Yu-Ling Liu, Radha Raman, Ying-Ren Lai, Chih-Yang Huang, Mario Hofmann, Michitoshi Hayashi, Kuei-Hsien Chen, Li-Chyong Chen","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202501169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In situ mapping of interfacial electron transfer dynamics to reveal electrocatalytic activity with high spatial resolution is crucial for developing efficient electrochemical devices. While emerging 2D materials for catalysis have attracted substantial attention, there is still a notable lack of studies examining their electrochemical properties at the nanoscale, particularly in a layer-by-layer context. Here, both outer-sphere and inner-sphere electron transfer at a 2D semiconducting WSe₂ electrode-electrolyte interface are spatially resolved and quantified in high resolution. The investigations reveal that WSe₂ exhibits a volcano-type behavior in its electrochemical activity, with a peak performance observed at a specific thickness of four layers. This phenomenon is attributed to the interplay between the layer-specific electronic density of states and the tunneling of charge carriers across the interlayer regions. This observation is further exemplified by micro-electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e01169"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement on the publication of research with a focus on Indigenous peoples.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/add.70167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/add.70167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":109,"journal":{"name":"Addiction","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on Efficient Coordinated Control of String-Type PV Optimizers Under Irradiation Imbalance","authors":"Wenzheng Xu,&nbsp;Yuhao Peng,&nbsp;Jiangang Liang,&nbsp;Ning Chen,&nbsp;Jingdou Liu,&nbsp;Fen Tang","doi":"10.1049/pel2.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/pel2.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems, string-type PV optimizers can realize maximum power point tracking (MPPT) based on the characteristics of single PV panels under irradiation imbalance, so as to improve the energy utilization rate of PV panels. However, the power loss of the PV optimizers cannot be ignored. Meanwhile, the coordinated start/stop control of PV optimizers with PV inverters deserves further investigation. In this paper, a high-efficiency coordinated control method for grid-connected PV system is proposed. Based on the operating modes and loss of both PV optimizers and inverters, the optimal operating mode of PV optimizers under different irradiation conditions is obtained, especially in case of irradiation imbalance of PV panels. The proposed method also realizes higher reliability and lower power loss in the coordination of the first and second stages of the PV system with the control logic design during the starting, stopping, and fault cases. Experiments are carried out with three 700 W string-type PV optimizers, and the results verify that the proposed method realizes higher conversion efficiency and reliability under different operating cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":56302,"journal":{"name":"IET Power Electronics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/pel2.70096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Transboundary Spread Patterns and Cluster Characteristics of Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) Outbreaks in Asia: Levering the Outbreak Data (2019–2023) to Support the LSD Prevention and Control Strategies","authors":"Veerasak Punyapornwithaya,&nbsp;Supitchaya Srisawang,&nbsp;Orapun Arjkumpa,&nbsp;Waraphon Phimpraphai,&nbsp;Noppawan Buamithup,&nbsp;Bolortuya Purevsuren,&nbsp;Karma Rinzin,&nbsp;Ronello Abila,&nbsp;Ashish Sutar","doi":"10.1155/tbed/2964021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/tbed/2964021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) has rapidly spread across Asia, posing significant threats to livestock industries. This study aims to examine the spatial directional trends and spatiotemporal clusters of LSD outbreaks in South, East, and Southeast Asia from January 2019 to December 2023. Official LSD outbreak data were analyzed using spatial and spatiotemporal models. The standard deviational ellipse (SDE) method was applied to assess directional distribution trends, while space–time permutation (STP) and space–time Poisson models were utilized to identify outbreak clusters. A total of 1385 LSD outbreaks were recorded in the study region during the period. In the Asia region, the directional analysis of all outbreaks revealed trends from the south to the southeast and from the northeast to the southeast, based on the SDE case-weighted and SDE case-unweighted approaches, respectively. Additionally, distinct directional patterns were identified for each subregion. A comparison of the space–time Poisson and STP models showed variations in cluster locations and sizes. The STP model identified primary clusters in India, Bhutan, the Republic of Korea, and Vietnam, whereas the space–time Poisson model highlighted primary clusters in India, Thailand, and Mongolia. Both models detected secondary clusters in various countries including India, Pakistan, Bhutan, China, Mongolia, Nepal, Cambodia, Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, and the Republic of Korea, with the space–time Poisson model identifying larger cluster sizes and the STP model capturing more localized clusters. These findings provide valuable insights into the spatial and temporal dynamics of LSD outbreaks in Asia. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of LSD epidemiology and offer essential information to support the development of regional and subregional prevention and control strategies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":234,"journal":{"name":"Transboundary and Emerging Diseases","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/tbed/2964021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Hybrid Approach for Intrusion Detection Using Neuro-Fuzzy, SVM, and PSO","authors":"Soodeh Hosseini,&nbsp;Fahime Lotfi,&nbsp;Hossein Seilani","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a novel method for optimising intrusion detection systems (IDS) by using two powerful techniques, namely ‘Principal component analysis (PCA)’ and ‘Particle swarm optimisation (PSO).’ Furthermore, the proposed approach is implemented on two categories of classifiers, Neuro-Fuzzy and support vector machines (SVM), which function on four widely used intrusion detection system datasets: CAIDA, DARPA, NSLKDD, and ISCX2012. Performance results are analysed individually based on a set of established evaluation criteria. Furthermore, the PSO algorithm is applied in search of the best combination of the outputs from the Neuro-Fuzzy and the SVM models, resulting in better attack detection accuracy with reduced false alarm rates. Another benefit of using PCA in the proposed method is that it considerably reduces the dimensions of the data by computing the principal components. This offers several advantages, such as reduced model complexity, training and execution time, memory usage, and model overfitting prevention. By focusing on the major components, PCA reduces noise in data to a certain extent, leading to increased classification accuracy and robustness. It also improves model interpretability by highlighting the key components. The application of PSO to find the most optimal parameters leads to the optimisation of the Neuro-Fuzzy and SVM models' parameters. The results achieved support that the proposed method for output combination in both Neuro-Fuzzy and SVM categories significantly enhances the accuracy of attack detection while reducing the false alarm rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.70071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144782625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrathin Elastomer Nanofiber-Based Skin-Like Electronic with Multi-Mode Sensing Capabilities.","authors":"Xianhong Zheng, Shuai Wang, Binbin Ding, Hongye Xia, Zhi Liu, Zhiqi Zhao, Guiyang Li, Zongqian Wang, Lihua Zou, Wentao Cao","doi":"10.1002/smtd.202501064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202501064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of skin-like multimodal electronic devices (SMED) is pivotal for advancing humanoid robotics and wearable technologies, enabling seamless interaction with and perception of complex environments. However, integrating comprehensive sensing capabilities with multifunctionality, while maintaining superior permeability, biocompatibility, and wearer comfort, remains a significant challenge. Here, a SMED platform capable of detecting multiple external stimuli (i.e., strain, pressure, temperature, and humidity) via a seamless integration strategy is reported. The SMED combines exceptional permeability, stretchability, biocompatibility, high transparency, and robust wet adhesion to skin, creating a stable and conformal skin-electrode interface reminiscent of an electronic tattoo. The device exhibits unparalleled sensitivity to environmental and physiological cues, outperforming existing state-of-the-art sensors in terms of response range and sensitivity. This study demonstrates its versatility in real-world applications, such as continuous electrocardiogram monitoring under wet conditions, precise gesture recognition, real-time temperature/humidity sensing, and comprehensive monitoring of human physiological signals. This work not only advances the field of wearable electronics but also paves the way for next-generation wearable electronics, offering transformative potential for health monitoring, human-machine interfaces, and beyond. By bridging the gap between functionality and wearability, the SMED platform represents a significant leap toward the realization of truly interactive and adaptive electronic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":229,"journal":{"name":"Small Methods","volume":" ","pages":"e01064"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citrate-Assisted Solvothermal Synthesis of SnO₂ Porous Microflowers as Efficient Cathode for Advanced Hybrid Supercapacitor.","authors":"Chunwang Luo, Zheyu Zhang, Chunju Xu, Huiyu Chen","doi":"10.1002/chem.202501409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202501409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herein, mesoporous tin dioxide materials with distinct structures (SnO₂ microflowers and SnO₂ microsheets) were, respectively, prepared via a citrate-mediated solvothermal route along with a post-annealing treatment in air. Electrochemical tests revealed a typical battery-type charge storage behavior of SnO₂ materials. Attributing to the 3D hierarchical flower-like structure and its good conductivity, the SnO₂ microflowers possessed a specific capacity of 177.2 C g^-1, slightly greater than 159.0 C g^-1 achieved by SnO₂ microsheets under 1 A g^-1. When assembled into hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) utilizing activated carbon (AC) as an anode, the SnO₂ microflowers//AC HSC device delivered a high energy density (ED) of 29.5 W h kg^-1 at 883.9 W kg^-1, surpassing SnO₂ microsheets//AC HSC (26.9 W h kg^-1 at 881.7 W kg^-1). Furthermore, both SnO₂//AC HSCs exhibited long-term stability, showing 113.2% (SnO₂ microflowers//AC) and 106.4% (SnO₂ microsheets//AC) capacity retention over 5000 cycles. Notably, this synthesis strategy achieves facile morphological control and improved electrochemical properties of SnO₂ materials by adjusting the sodium citrate amount. These results indicate that SnO₂ microflowers and SnO₂ microsheets are attractive candidates for high-performance HSC assembly. Furthermore, this cost-effective approach can provide a reference for synthesizing other advanced metal oxide-based electrode materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":144,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry - A European Journal","volume":" ","pages":"e01409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144787901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}