Chinese clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"AB016. Intracranial tumor characteristics and the incidence of cachexia: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Irma Savitri, Henry Riyanto Sofyan, Jessica Herlambang, Elizabeth Albertin, Chelsea Kristiniawati Putri, Wiji Lestari, Diana Sunardi, Audria Graciela, Tiara Aninditha","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intracranial tumors constitute a significant burden on global morbidity and disability, posing a risk for the development of cachexia. Cancer cachexia is a multi-organ syndrome of systemic inflammation and negative energy balance which may lead to diminished treatment efficacy and reduced survival rates. The association between intracranial tumor features and incidence of cachexia remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between the characteristics of intracranial tumors and the incidence of cachexia in patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study to observe hospitalized intracranial tumor patients at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. This study described the prevalence and the percentage of baseline characteristics, the diagnosis of cachexia was based on Evans criteria. Kolmogorov-Smirnov for the normality test. Bivariate analysis was done using the Chi-square test for qualified categorical variables, the Fischer test for unqualified categorical variables, and the Mann-Whitney test for ordinal variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study revealed of 36 subjects with intracranial tumor diagnosis, the incidence of cachexia was higher in secondary brain tumors compared to primary brain tumors [odds ratio (OR) 5.5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.28-23.69; P=0.02]. Cancer cachexia occurs through inflammation, autonomic, and neuroendocrine pathways, leading to increased energy expenditure and decreased energy intake. The burden of secondary brain tumor amplifies the overall metabolic demands and systemic inflammation thus contributing to cachexia progression, which is identified by significant weight loss in patients with secondary brain tumor groups compared to primary tumors (P=0.01). Patients with cachexia tend to experience malnutrition and fatigue (P=0.04), which may interfere with their survival rates and quality of life. The most common neurological deficit observed in our subjects is headache (72.2%), while patients presenting with clinical manifestations of extremity weakness were more likely to develop cachexia (OR 6.4; 95% CI: 1.23-35.44; P=0.04). There were no significant differences in age distribution, gender, and brain tumor location among the subject groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with secondary brain tumors and extremity weakness are more likely to develop cachexia. The severity of cachexia can help distinguish between primary and secondary brain tumors. Clinicians should pay attention to neurological deficits, particularly extremity weakness, as it can worsen cachexia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 Suppl 1","pages":"AB016"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB046. Dual role of POSTN in maintaining glioblastoma stem cells and immune-suppressive microglia in glioblastoma.","authors":"Hao Wang, Youxin Zhou","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM) is an immunosuppressive, universally lethal cancer driven by GBM stem cells (GSCs). The interplay between GSCs and the immunosuppressive microglia plays crucial roles in promoting malignant growth of GBM, however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this crosstalk are incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed RNA sequencing to explore the mechanism by which periostin (POSTN) regulates GSCs and microglia. The biological function of POSTN in GBM development was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, tumorsphere formation assay, proliferation analysis, migration assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and intracranial mouse model were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified POSTN secreted from GSCs promotes GSC self-renewal and tumor growth via activation of the αVβ3/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/β-catenin/FOS like antigen 1 (FOSL1) pathway. In addition to its GSC intrinsic effects, POSTN is able to recruit microglia and upregulate cluster of differentiation 70 (CD70) expression through PI3K/AKT/nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB) pathway in microglial cells, which in turn promotes the Treg development and functionality, and generates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Inhibition POSTN disrupts the GSC maintenance, inhibits recruitment of immunosuppressive microglial, reduces Treg development and function, and suppresses GBM growth, suggesting that targeting POSTN may effectively improve GBM treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, our study defined POSTN as a key regulator in mediating the molecular crosstalk between GSCs and immune-suppressive Microglia in the tumor microenvironment in GBM. POSTN activates the PI3K/AKT/β-catenin/FOSL1 pathway in an autocrine manner to promote GSC self-renewal and tumor growth. At the same time, POSTN recruits microglia in a paracrine manner and upregulates the expression of CD70 in microglia through the PI3K/AKT/NFκB pathway, thereby promoting the development and function of Treg and generating an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Our findings indicate that targeting the POSTN gene may be a promising approach to ablating GSCs, breaking the immunosuppressive environment and overcoming treatment resistance in GBM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 Suppl 1","pages":"AB046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB047. Searching for factors relating to long-term survivors of glioblastoma.","authors":"Depei Li, Pengfei Xu, Qunying Yang, Chengcheng Guo, Shaoyan Xi, Ke Sai, Zhongping Chen","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There remains controversy in the observed survival of gliomas worldwide, especially for glioblastoma (GBM). The 5-year survival rate ranged wildly, but comparable higher in several Asian countries, such as China showed almost 18% from CONCORD-3 data. Are there any special factors relating to long-term survivors (LTSs)?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed our single center real-world data for the last 20 years, of 536 GBM [World Health Organization (WHO) grade 4] patients revealed 5-year overall survival (OS) of 19.1%. We analyzed our GBM patients and searched for possible factors relating to LTSs. We collected tumor samples of 13 LTSs (OS >60 months) and 19 short-term survivors (OS <24 months), and performed whole exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From treatment setting, besides surgical resection, post-operational adjutant treatment (radiotherapy plus chemotherapy) are the most important factor contributing to long-term survival. Whole exome sequencing analysis revealed a higher proportion of mutation signature 19 was associated with LTSs. Analysis of copy number variation (CNV) showed that the LTSs had higher copy number variants at the chromosomal level (P=0.049). At the arm level, the proportion of 19p amplification in the LTS was significantly higher than in the short-term survivors (P=0.001). And in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) GBM dataset, GBM patients with 19p amplification also had a better prognosis (log-rank P=0.04). Based on RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and differential expression analysis, the differentially expressed genes were enriched in hypoxia-related processes, apoptosis, and immune-related processes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From our single-institution data, the factors relating to GBM LTSs should be both clinical management and genomic alternation which could be potential novel targets be applied to future clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 Suppl 1","pages":"AB047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB028. Precision neurosurgery for brain tumors using robotic navigation under exoscope.","authors":"Kazuhiko Kurozumi, Shinichiro Koizumi, Tomoya Oishi, Hiroaki Neki, Tomohiro Yamasaki","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three-dimensional (3D) exoscope and navigation systems have recently become remarkably advanced in neurosurgery. Robotic navigation is being used in various facilities. Based on the created surgical plan, robotic navigation automatically determines the path to guide the instrument. It seamlessly integrates with continuous real-time navigation and robotic alignment functions to improve the efficiency of intraoperative workflow and support highly accurate positioning. We have achieved good results in surgeries utilizing robotic navigation at our institution, and we report on the results and prospects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At our hospital, 15 patients underwent surgery using Stealth AutoguideTM (Medtronic) in conjunction with the StealthStation S8 (Medtronic). The mean age was 56.2 years; 10 were men, and five were women. We used the exoscopic systems with KINEVO 900 (Zeiss) or ORBEYE (Olympus).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cases comprised of 11 gliomas, two primary central nervous system lymphomas, one germ cell tumor, and one brain abscess. Seven biopsies (six burr holes, one craniotomy) and six fence posts were used for Stealth AutoguideTM, tubing in two cases. Biopsies were performed quickly and reliably. In the cases where fence posts were used, it was possible to position the post quickly on the target and place it accurately in the planned area to determine the extent of removal. In addition, using the 3D exoscope system allowed the surgeon to simultaneously view the operating field and navigation screen without moving the surgeon's line of sight, making the operation safer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Surgery using robotic navigation was performed safely and efficiently, and highly accurate positioning was achieved regardless of the surgical technique. This system is expected to continue improving the accuracy, safety, and reproducibility of surgery and reducing the burden on the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 Suppl 1","pages":"AB028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB077. An evaluation of prognostic scoring systems for survival in a surgically treated cohort of 318 metastatic spine tumour surgery patients.","authors":"Si Jian Hui, Naresh Kumar, Eugene Chua, Cherie Lin Hui Tan, Xinyi Lim, James Hallinan, Yiong Huak Chan, Jiong Hao Tan","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Survival prognostication plays a key role in the decision-making process for the surgical treatment of patients with spinal metastases. In the past traditional scoring systems such as the modified Tokuhashi and Tomita scoring systems have been used extensively, however in recent years their accuracy has been called into question. This has led to the development of machine learning algorithms to predict survival. In this study, we aim to compare the accuracy of prognostic scoring systems in a surgically treated cohort of patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective review of 318 surgically treated spinal metastases patients between 2009 and 2021. The primary outcome measured was survival from the time of diagnosis. Predicted survival at 3 months, 6 months and 1 year based on the prognostic scoring system was compared to actual survival. Predictive values of each scoring system were measured via area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC). The following scoring systems were compared, Modified Tokuhashi (MT), Tomita (T), Modified Bauer (MB), Van Den Linden (VDL), Oswestry (O), New England Spinal Metastases score (NESMS), Global Spine Study Tumor Group (GSTSG) and Skeletal Oncology Research Group (SORG) scoring systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For predicting 3 months survival, the GSTSG 0.980 (0.949-1.0) and NESM 0.980 (0.949-1.0) had outstanding predictive value, while the SORG 0.837 (0.751-0.923) and O 0.837 (0.775-0.900) had excellent predictive value. While for 6 months survival, only the O 0.819 (0.758-0.880) had excellent predictive value and the GSTSG 0.791(0.725-0.857) had acceptable predictive value. For 1 year survival, the NESM 0.871 (0.822-0.919) had excellent predictive value and the O 0.722 (0.657-0.786) had acceptable predictive value. The MT, T and MB scores had an area under the curve (AUC) of <0.5 for 3-month, 6-month and 1-year survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increasingly, traditional scoring systems such as the MT, T and MB scoring systems have become less predictive. While newer scoring systems such as the GSTSG, NESM and SORG have outstanding to excellent predictive value, there is no one survival scoring system that is able to accurately prognosticate survival at all 3 time points. A multidisciplinary, personalised approach to survival prognostication is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 Suppl 1","pages":"AB077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB078. Patterns of treatment delay in patients with symptomatic metastatic epidural spinal cord compression.","authors":"Si Jian Hui, Naresh Kumar, Cherie Lin Hui Tan, Eugene Chua Khye Gin, James Thomas Patrick Decourcy Hallinan, Yiong Huak Chan, Karuna Sree, Jiong Hao Tan","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delayed treatment in symptomatic metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) is significantly associated with poorer functional outcomes. In this study, we aim to identify the patterns of treatment delay in patients and factors predictive of postoperative ambulatory function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective review of patients with symptomatic MESCC treated surgically between January 2015 and January 2022. MESCC symptoms were categorized into symptoms suggesting cord compression requiring immediate referral and symptoms suggestive of spinal metastases. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify factors predictive of postoperative ambulatory function. Delays in treatment were identified and categorized into patient delay (onset of symptoms till initial medical consultation), diagnostic delay (medical consultation till radiological diagnosis of MESCC), referral delay (from diagnosis till spine surgeon review) and surgical delay (from spine surgeon review till surgery) and compared between patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and seventy-eight patients were identified. In this cohort 92 (52.0%) patients were able to ambulate independently, and 86 (48.3%) patients were non independent. One hundred and thirty-nine (78.1%) of patients had symptoms of cord compression and 93 (52.3%) had neurological deficits on presentation. On multivariate analysis, pre-operative neurological deficits (P=0.01) and symptoms of cord compression (P=0.01) were significantly associated with post-operative ambulatory function. Mean total delay was 66 days, patient delay was 41 days, diagnostic delay was 16 days, referral delay was 3 days and surgical delay was 6 days. In patients with neurological deficits, there was a significant decrease in all forms of treatment delay (P<0.05). There was no significant decrease in patient delay, diagnostic delay and referral delay in patients with symptoms of cord compression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both patients and physicians understand the need for urgent surgical treatment of MESCC with neurological deficits, however there is still a need for increased education and recognition of the symptoms of MESCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 Suppl 1","pages":"AB078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB079. Whole-brain radiotherapy versus high dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation for consolidation therapy in primary central nervous system lymphoma.","authors":"Denny Handoyo Kirana, Felix Wijovi, Vanessa Angelica, Fernando Dharmaraja, Julius July","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab079","DOIUrl":"10.21037/cco-24-ab079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is commonly used as consolidation therapy in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). However, high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HD-ASCT) has emerged as an alternative approach for PCNSL. This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of both treatment modalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The systematic review follows PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search strategy identified relevant studies from PubMed, Europe PMC, and Cochrane Library. The following search terms were used: \"primary central nervous system lymphoma\", \"Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation\", and \"whole-brain radiotherapy\". We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) cohort studies evaluating the use of whole-brain radiotherapy and high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation in the treatment of histologically-confirmed PCNSL. Publications included were limited to English language full texts that were published in the past 10 years. Data extraction & manuscript quality assessment was done by two independent reviewers with a third reviewer to resolve any discrepancy. Primary outcomes include overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) & treatment related toxicity (TRT). Secondary outcomes were clinical neurological function and performance score assessments. Individual studies were assessed using the Jadad Scale and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 5 studies, consisting of 2 RCTs and 3 cohort studies. After all studies considered, analysis revealed that consolidation therapy with HD-ASCT had a better overall PFS and OS compared to whole-brain radiotherapy (P<0.005). Both groups showed similar TRT with mostly haematological toxicity. Holistically clinical cognitive functions are found to be improved in HD-ASCT Patients and poorer results are exhibited by WBRT patients primarily in executive functions. Performance statuses are scored differently across all studies with slightly preferable results shown in patients treated with HDC-ASCT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the findings of this systematic review, HDC-ASCT might be a preferable choice of consolidative therapy as shown with better OS, PFS with similar TRT. While WBRT are more feasible and cost-efficient, risks of cognitive impairment and reduced performance status after WBRT should be considered for further treatment choices. Further randomized clinical trials with a similar scoring system are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 Suppl 1","pages":"AB079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for personalized therapy.","authors":"Yasuhide Yamada","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-66","DOIUrl":"10.21037/cco-24-66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From simulation to surgery, advancements and challenges in robotic training for radical prostatectomy: a narrative review.","authors":"Marco Ticonosco, Alessandro Pissavini, Claudia Collà Ruvolo, Nicola Frego, Mario Belmonte, Francesco Barletta, Simone Morra, Silvia Rebuffo, Gabriele Sorce, Florencio Marin, Davide Campobasso, Anthony G Gallagher, Stefania Ferretti, Lorenzo Bianchi, Riccardo Schiavina, Stefano Puliatti, Salvatore Micali, Alexandre Mottrie","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The landscape of surgical training is undergoing transformative changes, especially in the realm of robot-assisted procedures like radical prostatectomy (RARP). This narrative review explores the evolving methodologies and innovations in RARP training, emphasizing the shift from traditional training approaches, such as the Halsted method, to more scientific methods like proficiency-based progression (PBP). The rationale for the review stems from the increased adoption of robot-assisted surgery and the resulting increase in associated adverse events reported in the United States. The Patient Safety in Robotic Surgery (SAFROS) project initiated by the European Commission of the World Health Organization emphasized the importance of structured training programs for robotic surgeons. However, the review points out the limited availability of standardized curricula for RARP training, leading to non-homogeneous training worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed was searched primarily for the following topics: training AND robotic AND prostatectomy; robotic training AND prostatectomy AND learning; simulator AND robotic AND prostatectomy. Literature was selected based on historical significance and landmark studies as well as publications published after 2000. References from select studies were additionally included.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>The advent of robotic surgery, especially in RARP, demands unique skills necessitating specialized training. The review delves into the diverse stages of robotic surgery training, starting with e-learning and progressing through virtual reality simulators, dry and wet laboratories, culminating in modular console training. Each training stage plays a critical role, addressing the challenges posed by new technologies and tools.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ever-evolving landscape of surgical training underscores the critical need for globally standardized, effective, and accessible programs. PBP emerges as a promising methodology, and technological advancements open new possibilities for telementoring via platforms like 5G. This review emphasizes the imperative to equip surgeons with the requisite skills for intricate procedures like RARP, addressing current challenges while anticipating the future developments in this dynamic field.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 4","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AB002. DNA methylation-regulated genes contribute to temozolomide (TMZ) resistance by scaffolding paraspeckle proteins.","authors":"Jinquan Cai","doi":"10.21037/cco-24-ab002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/cco-24-ab002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance in glioblastoma (GBM) remains a challenge in clinical treatment and the mechanism is largely unknown. Emerging evidence shows that epigenetic modifications including DNA methylation and non-coding RNA were involved in diverse biological processes, including therapeutic resistance. However, the underlying mechanisms by which DNA methylation-mediated non-coding RNA regulates TMZ resistance remain poorly characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RNA microarray and DNA methylation chips of TMZ-resistant and parental GBM cells were performed for the gain of unreported long non-coding RNA HSD52. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization assays were used to detect HSD52 levels in GBM cells and tissues. The investigation into HSD52's impact on TMZ resistance was conducted utilizing both in vitro assays and intracranial xenograft mouse models. The mechanism of HSD52 expression and its relationships with paraspeckle proteins, non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NONO) and splicing factor proline/glutamine rich (SFPQ), as well as alpha-thalassemia mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) mRNA were determined by pyrosequencing assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, chromatin isolation by RNA purification, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pulldown, immunofluorescence, and western blot assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HSD52 was highly expressed in high-grade glioma and TMZ-resistant GBM cells. Phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK)/ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 (USP7) axis mediates H3 ubiquitination, impairs the interaction between H3K23ub and DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and the recruitment of DNMT1 at the HSD52 promoter to attenuate DNA methylation, which makes the transcription factor 12 (TCF12) more accessible to the promoter region to regulate HSD52 expression. Further analysis showed that HSD52 can serve as a scaffold to promote the interaction between NONO and SFPQ, and then increase the paraspeckle assembly and activate the paraspeckle/ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase pathway in GBM cells. In addition, HSD52 forms an RNA-RNA duplex with ATRX mRNA, and facilitates the association of heteromer of SFPQ and NONO with RNA duplex, thus leading to the increase of ATRX mRNA stability and level. In clinical patients, HSD52 is required for TMZ resistance and GBM recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results reveal that HSD52 in GBM could serve as a therapeutic target to overcome TMZ resistance, enhancing the clinical benefits of TMZ chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9945,"journal":{"name":"Chinese clinical oncology","volume":"13 Suppl 1","pages":"AB002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142281033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}