Cereal Research Communications最新文献

{"title":"Utilization of wheat 55K SNP array for QTL mapping of plant height and flag leaf in a RIL population","authors":"B. Cheng, Xu Gao, Yonglu Luo, Yanqing Ding, Tianqing Chen, N. Cao, Jianxia Xu, Z. Xin, Liyi Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00475-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00475-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138980674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of genetic variability among sorghum genotypes by morphological descriptors associated with high yield and shoot fly resistance","authors":"Saikiran Veldandi, D. Shivani, S. Ramesh, S. Maheswaramma, K. Sujatha, K. Sravanthi, K. N. Yamini, B. V. Varaprasad, C. V. Sameer Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00473-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00473-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Developing and identifying high-yielding genotypes with shoot fly resistance in sorghum is a complex task that requires a detailed examination of genetic variability and relationships between numerous component traits related to grain yield and pest resistance. The purpose of this study was to use 15 morphological traits to assess genetic variability in 64 sorghum genotypes, which were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) and the box plot technique. PCA identified seven components that account for almost 74% of the total variability in grain yield and shoot fly resistance. Two of the most reliable components (PC1 and PC2) were strongly correlated with a number of traits, including deadhearts per cent (21 and 28 DAE), seedling vigour, number of eggs per plant and trichome density on upper and lower surfaces, fodder yield per plot, fodder yield per plant, days to maturity and days to 50% flowering. PCA biplots identify groups of genotypes that can be suitable for specific breeding strategies. These include genotype clusters that combine grain yielding ability with resistance to shoot flies. According to the results of the box plot analysis, most of the traits showed greater variation towards grain yield and shoot fly resistance. This research has provided useful information on sorghum genotype genetic variability and its potential use in sorghum development programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138493785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suitable water management improving cold tolerance of rice seedlings","authors":"Qiang Zhang, Feng Wen, Bingbing Li, Zhi Li, Zhenjiang Wu, Xu Kuang, Guilong Yu, Xiangchen Liu, Yang Hu, Yuchen Zhang, Ran Yu, Lingling Ding, Chunyang Lu, Tao Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00470-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00470-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Water management plays an important role in crop-stress tolerance; however, its effect on the cold tolerance of rice seedlings is unclear. Therefore, we set four different water contents (25%, 45%, 65% and 85%) in the substrate with Liangyou 6326 as the experimental material to study the influence of different water contents on the cold tolerance of rice seedlings. The results showed that in the control temperature treatment, length and number of white roots, dry matter weight, stem base width and strong seedling index first increased and then decreased with decreasing water content, and the seedlings were more robust when the water content was 45%. In the cold treatment, the survival rate and strong seedling index first increased and then decreased with decreasing water content, and the cold tolerance of seedlings was the best when the water content was 45%. The mechanism of improving the cold tolerance is that moderate water deficit improved the antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced the content of malondialdehyde and improved root activity and leaf photosynthetic performance. Correlation analysis showed that the survival rate of seedlings was significantly positively correlated with root activity, antioxidant enzyme activity and seedling quality in the control temperature and cold treatment. The above results showed that soil water played an important role in regulating the cold tolerance of rice. Reasonable water management could not only cultivate high-quality seedlings but also improve the cold tolerance of rice seedlings, helping to guarantee high and stable rice yields.</p>","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"8 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression analysis and characterization of morpho-physiological traits for reduced height and increased lodging resistance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) hybrids under different water regimes","authors":"Shoaib Liaqat, Zulfiqar Ali, Muhammad Abu Bakar Saddique, Rao Muhammad Ikram, Imtiaz Ali","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00469-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00469-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lodging, being the major problem in barley, affects both grain yield and quality and can be mediated through the exploitation of GA homeostatic genes, nonetheless. <i>HvGA20ox</i>, <i>HvGA3ox</i> and <i>HvGA2ox</i> genes play an important role in the Gibberellic Acid (GA) homeostasis that improves plant architecture especially plant height. In the current study, eight lines and five testers with different expression levels of <i>HvGA20ox, HvGA3ox</i> and <i>HvGA2ox</i> transcripts with lodging resistance and sensitivity were hybridized using Line × Tester mating design. Forty F₁ hybrids were generated and the next year all F₁ along with their parents were sown in filed under RCBD split plot in three replications and two treatments (normal and water deficit). Variance due to general combining ability (σ² gca) was lower than the variance due to specific combining ability (σ² sca) which indicates non-additive gene action. Line 3 was found with higher GCA estimates for the number of tillers/plant, grain yield, photosynthesis and water use efficiency. Cross 6, 11 and 21 were observed with twofold upregulation of <i>HvGA2ox.2</i> transcript and downregulation of <i>HvGA20ox.1</i> transcript at third node. These hybrids also showed a significant decrease in plant height (18–20%), lodging (&lt; 10%) and increased grain yield (15–18%). The results proposed that the best-performing combinations may be utilized in breeding programs for the development of barley varieties with increased grain yield and lodging resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting physiological traits for drought and heat tolerance in wheat","authors":"Sindhu Sareen, B. K. Meena, Ashok Sarial, Sundeep Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00463-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00463-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intergovernmental panel on climate change has predicted a 1.5 °C increase in temperature and a 4–27% decrease in precipitation in the next decade. Drought and heat cause 60% and 40% wheat yield losses by altering the physiology of the crop. Understanding the impact of these stresses on wheat physiological traits can help in developing tolerant genotypes. Forty-two genotypes were evaluated under non-stress (TSIR-NS), drought (TSRF-DR), and heat stress (LSIR-HT) for two crop seasons. The experiments were laid in rectangular lattice (6 × 7) design with two replications. Data for grain yield and various physiological traits were recorded at GS70 and GS75. Grain yield (GY) was reduced by 29.0%, 16.4% under heat, and by 48.7% and 30.2% under drought stress during the two seasons. Heat susceptibility index (HSI) and drought susceptibility index (DSI) of these genotypes ranged from 0.3 to 1.8 and 0.4 to 1.4. Among the top five high-yielding lines under TSIR-NS, only one (G39) was drought tolerant, while under LSIR-HT, four high-yielding lines (G40, G41, G04, and G35) of the top five genotypes were heat tolerant. Conversely, the top five high-yielding lines under TSRF-DR were drought tolerant. Overall, 21 lines were tolerant to heat stress and 22 to drought and 12 genotypes were tolerant to both stresses. Chlorophyll was higher under LSIR-HT and TSRF-DR. Normalized difference vegetation index at GS70 (NDVIA) and normalized difference vegetation index at GS75 (NDVI15DAA) suffered a drastic reduction under TSRF-DR. The stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (E) were greatly reduced under drought and increased under LSIR-HT. Assimilation (A) and photosynthetic water use efficiency (WUE) were reduced under heat stress. The correlation of physiological traits with GY was also calculated. The traits chlorophyll fluorescence at GS70 (CFLA), NDVI 15DAA, and E contributed toward GY under TSIR-NS, CFLA, NDVI15DAA, WUE, Canopy temperature at GS75 (CT15DAA), and gs under TSRF-DR, and A, NDVIA, CFLA, and chlorophyll fluorescence at GS75 (CFL15DAA) under LSIR-HT. CFLA contributed toward GY under all environments. Finally, traits such as A, E, WUE, and CFL15DAA were impacted by both stresses, while NDVIA and NDVI15DAA and gs were only affected by drought and CFLA and CTA were only influenced by heat stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preference and progeny development of stored product insects in response to grain characteristics of millets","authors":"S. V. S. Gopala Swamy, D. Sandeep Raja, V. Vasudeva Rao","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00471-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00471-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Considering millets as climate-resilient crops and recognizing the greater need for nutritional security, cultivation and consumption of millets are being encouraged globally. Studies were conducted to understand the vulnerability of stored millets to different grain insects such as lesser grain borer <i>Rhyzopertha dominica</i> (Fab.), red flour beetle <i>Tribolium castaneum</i> (Herbst), and Angoumois grain moth <i>Sitotroga cerealella</i> (Oliv.) under free-choice as well as no-choice conditions at Post Harvest Technology Centre, Bapatla, Andhra Pradesh, India. Red flour beetles could multiply in significantly higher numbers in pearl millet flour in both free-choice and no-choice conditions (413.33 and 340.67 adults, respectively) followed by foxtail millet (276.0 adults) and sorghum (299.33 adults), respectively. Pearl millet was the most preferred by lesser grain borer with as many as 133.67 insects moving into the grain followed by sorghum (95.33 adults) under free-choice conditions. A mean total of 316.67 grain moths emerged from proso millet under free-choice conditions. On the other hand, finger millet and little millet were not preferred and resulted in emergence of very few moths (0.33 and 3.67 moths, respectively). Little millet and finger millet grains were less susceptible to both coleopteran and lepidopteran insects. Millet grains were analyzed for the physical parameters such as grain moisture, 1000-grain weight, grain volume, hardness, porosity, and the biochemical constituents such as protein, carbohydrates, total phenols, and tannins to understand their influence on insect preferences. Though significant correlations could not be drawn between the progeny development of insects and the physicochemical characteristics of grains, little millet and foxtail millet were found to be less preferred particularly by the internal feeders due to their smaller grain size. Pearl millet possessed higher amounts of sugars and proteins compared to other millets which might have contributed to insect preference.</p>","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of cadmium toxicity on seed germination and seedling growth of Triticum durum cultivars","authors":"Nada Zaari Jabri, Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar, Fadoua Mekkaoui, Ilham Amghar, Oussama Achemrk, Ghizlane Diria, Abdelaziz Hmyene","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00467-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00467-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heavy metal (HM) pollution is a threat to ecosystem balance and food security. Cadmium (Cd) is particularly hazardous to humans and accumulates in agricultural soils due to industrial activities and natural sources. Even if Cd adversely affects plant growth and vital functions, few studies have investigated its effects on durum wheat, an important staple crop. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the morphological alteration induced by Cd during the germination phase of durum wheat (<i>Triticum durum</i> L<i>.</i>) seeds to evaluate the tolerance of three cultivars (Karim, Nachit, and Louiza) to Cd stress. The experiment involved germinating wheat seeds in nine concentrations of Cd (0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5, 0.675, 0.75, 0.875, 1 g/L) where germination rate, biomass production, shoot and root length, vigor index, growth inhibition, and tolerance indices were assessed. The different treatments were arranged using a completely randomized design. The results showed that Cd negatively affected wheat germination. The minimum effect of Cd on germination percentage was recorded at 0.125 g/L of Cd for Nachit and Louiza, and at 0.25 g/L of Cd for Karim, while the maximum inhibition was noticed starting at 0.625, 0.875, and 0.625 g/L of Cd for Karim, Nachit, and Louiza, respectively. The negative effect of Cd on shoot and root length was more pronounced during seedling development than during germination. Cd had a greater effect on root length than on shoot length, with Louiza being the most affected cultivar. However, Cd had no significant effect on fresh and dry weight. Our research reveals that the presence of Cd pollution has a substantial impact on the initial growth stages of durum wheat with differential responses of the studied cultivars when exposed to Cd stress. These alterations in seedlings’ performances strongly emphasize the importance of evaluating Cd’s effects on plant development and fitness. This underscores the significance of this aspect not only for ensuring the health of our crops but also for safeguarding food quality in the presence of HM pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide association studies and expression analysis of GA-related genes for exploring foot rot resistance in rice germplasm","authors":"Baljeet Kaur, Ranvir Singh Gill, Dharminder Bhatia, Jyoti Jain, Jagjeet Singh Lore, Amandeep Mittal, Rakshith S. R. Gowda","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00458-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00458-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A diverse set of 275 rice germplasm lines including 159 lines from global rice diversity panel, 10 <i>Oryza glaberrima</i> Steud accessions; 22 basmati and non-basmati varieties, 67 aromatic germplasm lines and 17 advanced breeding lines were screened along with susceptible and resistant checks for foot rot disease caused by <i>Fusarium moniliforme</i> Sheldon through artificial inoculation. The screening was conducted in trays under less humid condition (50% RH) in April 2019 (referred as E1) and in the field under high humid condition (72% RH) in July 2019 (referred as E2). The susceptible plants showed stunting in E1 and elongation in E2. Based on screening in E1 and E2, thirty-three lines including eighteen of global rice diversity panel, five of <i>O. glabberrima</i>, two aromatic and ten released varieties showed complete resistance to foot rot. Multi-locus GWAS using 159 lines of global rice diversity panel identified 11 QTLs on seven different chromosomes. In the 11 QTL regions, 40 putative genes were identified based on stringent filtering and relevance to the disease. The QTL present on chromosome 1 (<i>qbk1</i>) that co-localized with many studies is proposed for further studies. In addition, the expression analysis of GA-related genes, viz<i>. OsXTH8, OsGAE1, EUI, G-alpha-(D1), GID1, GID2</i> and <i>SLR1</i>, showed no association with foot rot resistance/susceptibility. However, 24 DAS was identified as the most important stage for expression analysis. The highly resistant lines are suggested to use in the rice breeding program particularly basmati rice. Besides, the genomic region flanking the associated SNPs and the candidate genes within them could be studied further to identify underlying genes and markers associated with foot rot resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical performance of hydric stress-produced rice seeds","authors":"Giovani Virgílio Tirelli, Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos, Giovana Janini Frota, Ana Luiza Reale, Wilson Vicente Souza Pereira, Flávia Barbosa Silva Botelho","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00460-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00460-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antioxidant complex enzymes have a significant role in cellular homeostasis control in plants, and they inhibit the toxic action of reactive oxygen species when they are in excess. There are many antioxidant enzymes executing this role; among these, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase are reported as the most studied in this process, as they prevent free radicals from becoming more reactive and toxic to cells. Thus, this research was conducted to evaluate antioxidant enzyme expression in response to hydric stress at the reproductive stage in upland rice genotypes. Three genotypes from the upland rice breeding program on agreement between UFLA, EPAMIG, and EMBRAPA, CMG2093, CMG2172, and BRSMG Relâmpago, were used as controls. Genotypes were grown under field conditions with supplementary irrigation during the whole crop cycle, and hydric stress was induced in the reproductive phase before panicle emission. Seedlings were used in enzyme analyses from the emergence test and IVE on substrate (soil + sand at a 2:1 rate) at 70% and 10% field capacity. Significant differences were observed among genotypes for vigor tests. In biochemical tests, the CMG2093 genotype had lower damage on hydric deficit, with the best performance under hydric restriction conditions, being considered tolerant for this stress type.</p>","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138517673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and comparative analysis of differential proteins expression in rice under biotic stress by protein sequencing","authors":"Subhashini Shinde, P. S. Abida, Manjesh Saakre, Haseena Bhaskar, R. Beena, R. Preetha","doi":"10.1007/s42976-023-00464-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00464-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9841,"journal":{"name":"Cereal Research Communications","volume":"77 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135036728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}