Child development research最新文献_第2页

Metasynthesis of Factors Contributing to Children’s Communication Development: Influence on Reading and Mathematics 影响儿童沟通发展因素的综合:对阅读和数学的影响

Child development research Pub Date : 2017-02-19 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4506098

Amber J. Godwin, M. M. Capraro, W. Rupley, R. Capraro

引用次数: 0

Fourteen-Month-Olds Adapt Their Imitative Behavior in Light of a Model’s Constraints 14个月大的婴儿根据模型的约束调整他们的模仿行为

Child development research Pub Date : 2017-01-09 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8080649

K. Gellén, D. Buttelmann

{"title":"Fourteen-Month-Olds Adapt Their Imitative Behavior in Light of a Model’s Constraints","authors":"K. Gellén, D. Buttelmann","doi":"10.1155/2017/8080649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8080649","url":null,"abstract":"Rather than reenacting every action they observe, preverbal infants adapt their imitative behavior. Although previous studies have revealed the capability of preverbal infants to imitate selectively, the question about the adaptability of this behavior on an individual level did not attract considerable scientific attention until now. In the current study, we investigated whether 14-month-old infants flexibly alternate their imitative response in accordance with a model’s changing physical constraints in a body-part imitation paradigm. Participants were presented with two novel actions whereby a model illuminated a light-box and turned on a sound-box, either by using her forehead (head touch) or by sitting on the apparatus (sit-touch). Each participant observed these tasks in two conditions: once where the model’s hands were occupied and once where her hands were free while executing the head or sit-touch. Participants were more likely to reenact the observed novel behavior when the model had freely chosen to perform it than when she had to do so due to physical constraints. Not only did we replicate a number of previous findings, we show here that preverbal infants adapt their imitative behavior across conditions based on the physical constraints of the model. These results point towards the adaptable nature of imitative behavior also on an individual level. This ability might be one of the building blocks for children for learning their social group’s specific action repertoire.","PeriodicalId":9783,"journal":{"name":"Child development research","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/8080649","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42625923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Children Adopt the Traits of Characters in a Narrative 儿童在叙事中具有人物的特点

Child development research Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6838079

Rebecca A. Dore, Eric D. Smith, A. Lillard

{"title":"Children Adopt the Traits of Characters in a Narrative","authors":"Rebecca A. Dore, Eric D. Smith, A. Lillard","doi":"10.1155/2017/6838079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/6838079","url":null,"abstract":"Adults adopt the traits of characters in narratives, but little is known about whether children do so. In Study 1, 7- and 10-year-olds () heard a 2.5-minute recording about a professor or cheerleader. Reporting higher engagement in the professor narrative related to more time playing with an analytical toy (a Rubik’s cube), whereas reporting higher engagement in the cheerleader narrative related to less time playing with Rubik’s cube. However, although children were randomly assigned to a narrative, within condition children may have had preexisting personality differences causing them both to become more engaged in that narrative and also to behave more like that character afterwards. To control for this possibility, in Study 2 children () were given perspective-taking or objective instructions. Interestingly, both instructions created higher engagement than in Study 1, resulting in main effects of narrative. Children in the professor condition, compared to those in the cheerleader condition, spent more time playing with Rubik’s cube and self-reported higher levels of professor-relevant characteristics (e.g., smart, good at teaching). These studies show that, by the elementary school years and particularly when highly engaged in a narrative, children adopt the traits of a narrative’s central character.","PeriodicalId":9783,"journal":{"name":"Child development research","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/6838079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64698803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Adults’ Theory of Infants’ Mind: A Comparison between Parents and Nonparents 成人的婴儿心理理论:父母与非父母的比较

Child development research Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8724562

I. Shinohara, Y. Moriguchi

{"title":"Adults’ Theory of Infants’ Mind: A Comparison between Parents and Nonparents","authors":"I. Shinohara, Y. Moriguchi","doi":"10.1155/2017/8724562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/8724562","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined whether there were parental state differences in interpretations of infants’ behaviours as associated with some mental states. Parents, nonparent women, and nonparent men were shown video clips that displayed several infant behaviours (e.g., playing with his/her mother). Then they were given two tasks. In a rating task, participants were asked to rate the likelihood of the filmed infant to have a mental state. On the other hand, in a description task, participants were instructed to explicitly describe the filmed infants’ mental state in an open-ended manner. Importantly, all participants were asked to report the meaning of infants’ behaviour in specific acts from the same set of infants’ behaviours (e.g., the infants saw mother’s face and smiled). The results revealed that parents and nonparent women significantly higher rated that infants were likely to express a mental state in the rating task than nonparent men did. On the other hand, parents were more likely to describe the filmed infants’ mental states in the description task than nonparent women and nonparent men did. Results suggest that parents interpret more meanings from infants’ behaviours compared to nonparents, even when both parents and nonparents equally focused on infants’ behaviours.","PeriodicalId":9783,"journal":{"name":"Child development research","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/8724562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64714968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Mental State Talk Structure in Children's Narratives: A Cluster Analysis 儿童叙事中的心理状态话语结构:聚类分析

Child development research Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1725487

G. Pinto, C. Primi, C. Tarchi, L. Bigozzi

引用次数: 13

How Usual Is "Play as You Usually Would"? A Comparison of Naturalistic Mother-Infant Interactions with Videorecorded Play Sessions in Three Cultural Communities “像往常一样玩”有多常见?三个文化群体中自然主义母婴互动与录像游戏会话的比较

Child development research Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7842030

M. Abels, Z. Papaligoura, Bettina Lamm, Relindis D. Yovsi

{"title":"How Usual Is \"Play as You Usually Would\"? A Comparison of Naturalistic Mother-Infant Interactions with Videorecorded Play Sessions in Three Cultural Communities","authors":"M. Abels, Z. Papaligoura, Bettina Lamm, Relindis D. Yovsi","doi":"10.1155/2017/7842030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7842030","url":null,"abstract":"In developmental research, mothers are frequently asked to “play as you usually would.” In this study, maternal behavior towards their three-month-olds in three cultural communities (Nso, Cameroon; Gujarati, India; Athens, Greece) was compared between videorecorded “play” situations and naturalistic observations. If there is consistency, videorecorded “play” episodes can be used as a proxy for daily behavior. Body contact, body stimulation, face-to-face situations, and object stimulation were coded. While individual mothers showed consistent levels of body contact and face-to-face and object stimulation in both situations, there were also high correlations across the different types of behaviors. Only body contact and object stimulation correlate significantly across behavioral frames but not with each other across or within either observational frame. They can therefore be understood as behaviors with some discriminatory power. Mothers generally show a higher frequency of behaviors in the videorecorded play situations than during the everyday observations across all three communities. However, the samples differ in the extent to which three of the four behaviors are seen more in the videorecorded play sessions. A broader and general understanding of mothers’ ethnotheories and daily activities in each community is required in order to interpret videographed “play as you usually would” situations.","PeriodicalId":9783,"journal":{"name":"Child development research","volume":"2017 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2017/7842030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64705659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Livelihood of Street Children and the Role of Social Intervention: Insights from Literature Using Meta-Analysis 流浪儿童的生计与社会干预的作用:基于文献荟萃分析的见解

Child development research Pub Date : 2016-11-17 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3582101

Habtamu Alem, A. Laha

{"title":"Livelihood of Street Children and the Role of Social Intervention: Insights from Literature Using Meta-Analysis","authors":"Habtamu Alem, A. Laha","doi":"10.1155/2016/3582101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3582101","url":null,"abstract":"As studies done by different scholars indicate that the present status of street children is remarkably insightful, this invites us to systematically review the existing literature by using meta-analysis. In this paper 31 studies were reviewed by applying a predetermined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria as part of meta-analysis. These studies were compiled mainly from three continents (Africa, Asia, and Latin America), which are often observed to be diversified economically, politically, socially, and environmentally. Empirical evidences based on data generated from reviewed studies provide a holistic picture on the predominance of male street children among a total sample size of 68014 street children. Working as a daily labourer is considered as the most predominant informal occupation for street children. Empirical evidences suggest that majority of street dwellers were categorized into children working on the street in Africa, while in Asia a sizable proportion of them were abandoned from their house. Interestingly, it suggests that children coming to a street may be due to push factors like coercion by family, lack of access to education, and the existence of displeasing life in Africa, while in Asia children were pushed by family to beg and act as a day labourer and street vendor to assure the livelihood of their abandoned families. Statistical evidence based on odds ratio suggested no association between location of the study region and the characteristics of street children. Analysis of variance results showed that there exists a significant variation within a continent for all four variables (living condition, education, gender, and livelihood strategies). In fact, daily labour was the most acceptable means of livelihood earning and it is followed by street vendor and others. The present condition of street children necessitates social intervention to address the present problems of street dwellers by ensuring sustainable livelihood options among them.","PeriodicalId":9783,"journal":{"name":"Child development research","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/3582101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64336184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Type and Duration of Home Activities of Children with Specific Language Impairment: Case Control Study Based on Parents’ Reports 特殊语言障碍儿童家庭活动的类型和持续时间:基于家长报告的病例对照研究

Child development research Pub Date : 2016-10-25 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1709314

Sinikka Hannus, T. Kauppila, Kaisa Launonen

{"title":"Type and Duration of Home Activities of Children with Specific Language Impairment: Case Control Study Based on Parents’ Reports","authors":"Sinikka Hannus, T. Kauppila, Kaisa Launonen","doi":"10.1155/2016/1709314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1709314","url":null,"abstract":"Parents of children with specific language impairment (SLI) are advised to promote language development at home. However, it is not known if children with SLI differ from healthy controls in their daily activities. This study collected prospectively information about the home activities of the children with SLI and their matched controls by using parents’ daily reports. Participants were 20 matched pairs. The ages of children in matched pairs were from 6 to 8 years. During one week, parents filled in daily questionnaires of listed home activities. The observed time was between 5 pm and 9.30 pm each day and it was divided into 30-minute scoring periods. Parents of children with SLI reported more varying home activities and fewer activities of playing outdoors than parents of control children. Home activities with literacy or screen time did not show difference between the two groups, and neither did playing table top games. Parents of children with SLI did more overlapping choices when scoring home activities than parents of control children. Children with SLI seemed to spend somewhat less time with home activities that, in particular, may ask for language and social skills and collaboration with peers.","PeriodicalId":9783,"journal":{"name":"Child development research","volume":"2016 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/1709314","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64238178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Child Welfare Deprivation in Rural Nigeria: A Counting Approach 尼日利亚农村儿童福利剥夺:一个统计方法

Child development research Pub Date : 2016-09-28 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6805485

O. Popoola, Adetola Ibidunni Adeoti

{"title":"Child Welfare Deprivation in Rural Nigeria: A Counting Approach","authors":"O. Popoola, Adetola Ibidunni Adeoti","doi":"10.1155/2016/6805485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/6805485","url":null,"abstract":"The study applies the counting approach to explain the deprivation concept among children under 5 years of age using the 2008 DHS data. Five dimensions of deprivation were used: safe drinking water, sanitation, housing, health, and nutrition largely recognized in the SDGs. In all, a total of 13561 children were sampled. About half of the children were males with a mean age of 28.27 months old. The assessment of dimensional deprivation showed that children are most deprived in sanitation, health, and access to safe drinking water while they were least deprived in nutrition. The situation is also marked with regional disparities with northern regions reporting higher deprivation rates than the southern regions but this rate was significantly higher in the sanitation dimension across regions. Considering deprivation counts, 33.9% of children suffer from more than three deprivations and approximately 85.2% from at least two deprivations. Child deprivation should be tackled using a holistic approach through social protection programmes to resolve children’s problems in an integrated manner which would in this case be more efficient and effective in safeguarding children’s rights to survival and development. Identifying the children suffering from single and multiple deprivations can help to target the interventions.","PeriodicalId":9783,"journal":{"name":"Child development research","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2016/6805485","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64490190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The use of causal language and filled pauses in children with and without autism 自闭症儿童和非自闭症儿童使用因果语言和填充停顿

Child development research Pub Date : 2016-09-26 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8535868

A. Hallin, G. D. Garcia, Christina Reuterskiöld

引用次数: 2