{"title":"Modification of barley powdery mildew resistance gene Ml-a12 by induced mutation","authors":"J. Torp, J. Jørgensen","doi":"10.1139/G86-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-102","url":null,"abstract":"Kernels from a barley line, 'Sultan-5', with powdery mildew resistance gene Ml-a12 were treated with mutagens. Among 10 381 M1 spikes progeny tested with Ml-a12 avirulent powdery mildew, 25 segregated mutants with infection types between 0–1 n and 3–4cn. The resistance of the mutants is race specific in the sense that it is expressed only with powdery mildew cultures that are Ml-a12 avirulent but not with an Ml-a12 virulent culture. Genetic analysis of 10 mutants revealed that 9 had mutant genes that were allelic to gene Ml-a12, and one had a recessive mutant gene inherited independently of Ml-a12 on which it acted as a suppressor. The high mutation frequency in gene Ml-a12 and the gradual inhibition of the expression of gene Ml-a12, by mutation or suppression, strongly supports the suggestion that the gene function is associated with incompatibility rather than with compatibility.Key words: barley, Hordeum vulgare, powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis hordei, mutation, resistance, suppressor.","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"69 1","pages":"725-731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89097877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A general method for identifying correct solutions in the quantitative analysis of gene conversion data.","authors":"B C Lamb","doi":"10.1139/g86-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/g86-100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Past attempts to obtain values for meiotic parameters relating to hybrid DNA formation and the correction of mismatched bases in hybrid DNA have not given unique solutions unless various simplifying assumptions were made. A method is given for identifying correct sets of solutions after calculating the frequency of hybrid DNA formation at a heterozygous site and using the fact that closely linked sites within a locus have very similar hybrid DNA formation frequencies. The method is illustrated with simulated data and Sordaria fimicola data; it can also show up incorrect assumptions in analysis. A method is suggested for assessing the importance of double-strand gaps in producing conversions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"28 5","pages":"701-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/g86-100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14919848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A chromosome marker for the early detection of mouse embryos carrying the neural tube defect mutation splotch.","authors":"C M Kapron-Brás, M J Vekemans, D G Trasler","doi":"10.1139/g86-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/g86-120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A major problem in the study of neural tube defects caused by the splotch (Sp) gene in the mouse has been the identification of gene carriers or potentially affected embryos at an early stage of development, since the gene's effects become visible only late in gestation or after birth. To aid in the identification of Sp carriers, we have developed a technique using a Robertsonian translocation as a marker for this gene. The accuracy of identification is reduced by crossing-over between the Sp locus and the centromere but, because of crossover suppression in the particular cross used, there was only 23.2% recombination compared with the known map distance of 36%. Paternal age had no effect on the frequency of recombination, but individual males differed significantly in the degree of crossover suppression.</p>","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"28 5","pages":"862-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/g86-120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14920776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of induced homoeologous pairing in hybrids between 6x triticale ph1 mutant and Triticum aestivum L.","authors":"N. Jouve, B. Giorgi","doi":"10.1139/G86-099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-099","url":null,"abstract":"The meiotic behaviour of three hexaploid triticale × Triticum aestivum L. hybrids having different doses of ph1 mutant alleles was investigated using C-band staining of pollen mother cells at first...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"1 1","pages":"696-700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82217973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimating the genic and chromosomal components of reproductive isolation within and between subspecies of the grasshopper Caledia captiva","authors":"D. Shaw, D. Coates, P. Wilkinson","doi":"10.1139/G86-098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-098","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have indicated that the Moreton and Torresian subspecies of the grasshopper Caledia captiva are distinguished by a series of pericentric rearrangements involving 8 of the 12 members of the genome. In addition, they show distinctive allozyme patterns with. The two taxa meet in southeast Queensland where they form a narrow hybrid zone. Experimental hybridization between the taxa reveals that the F2 generation is totally inviable and backcrosses are 53–64% inviable.A major component of inviability is correlated with the redistribution of chiasmata which occurs in F1 heterozygotes and leads to the production of novel recombinant chromosomes. However, the relative contributions of the effects of chromosomal heterozygosity versus those effects because of genic divergence could not be distinguished. The discovery that the metacentric Moreton subspecies represents the northerly limit of a continuous chromosomal cline has resolved this problem. At the southern end of the cline (Lakes Entrance), th...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"16 1","pages":"686-695"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81966698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic control of meiotic chromosome pairing in tetraploid Agropyron elongatum. I. Pattern of pairing in natural and induced tetraploids and in F1 triploid hybrids","authors":"A. Charpentier, M. Feldman, Y. Cauderon","doi":"10.1139/G86-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-110","url":null,"abstract":"Meiotic chromosome pairing was studied in natural and induced tetraploid Agropyron elongatum, as well as in triploid hybrids between natural tetraploid and diploid cytotypes. The natural tetraploids showed a highly regular, diploid-like pairing, while the induced ones showed an average of two to three multivalents per cell. A high level of pairing was exhibited by the triploid hybrids, 4.15 bivalents and 2.82 trivalents per cell, supporting the assumption that the natural tetraploid is of an autoploid origin. Frequencies of meiotic configurations of the induced tetraploid and of the F1 triploid hybrids deviated significantly from the expected values based on a model assuming random pairing within one homologous group in autoploids: the observed data were characterized by fewer multivalents than expected, indicating a tendency towards bivalentization. This tendency is fully realized in the natural tetraploid. The presence of a pairing-control system in these autoploids, most probably a genetic one, that de...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"16 1","pages":"783-788"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90020663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chromosome segregation from cell hybrids. II. Do differences in parental cell growth rates and phase times determine direction of loss?","authors":"J A Graves, J M Wrigley","doi":"10.1139/g86-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/g86-104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hypothesis that the direction of chromosome segregation in cell hybrids is determined by the interaction of parent cell cycles, or S-phase times, predicts that the segregant parent will always be the one with the longer cycle, or the longer S phase, and that late replicating chromosomes will be more frequently lost. We have tested this hypothesis by studying cell cycle parameters of mouse, Chinese hamster, and platypus parent cells and by observing chromosome loss and replication patterns in hybrids between them. Two types of hybrids have been studied: mouse-hamster hybrids showed gradual segregation, in one or other direction, of 10-60% chromosomes, while rodent-platypus hybrids (which could be selected under conditions optimal for either parent cell) showed rapid and extreme segregation of platypus chromosomes. We found no correlation between the direction of segregation and the relative lengths of parental cycle times, or phase times, nor between sequence of replication and frequency with which segregant chromosomes are lost. We therefore conclude that the direction and extent of segregation is not directly determined by the interaction of parental cycle or phase times.</p>","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"28 5","pages":"735-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/g86-104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14920772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Altered regulation of c-myc expression in adenovirus-transformed cells.","authors":"A W Braithwaite, K E Fry, S LeJeune, H Naora","doi":"10.1139/g86-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/g86-101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Expression of the oncogenes c-myc, c-raski, and p53 is studied in normal primary mouse cultures and in two adenovirus-transformed mouse cell lines. In all cases oncogene expression is measured in cells arrested in G1 (or G0 for primary cells) by serum starvation and at different times after cell cycle traverse is stimulated by addition of high serum. For primary mouse cells, c-myc mRNA levels are found to increase four- to six-fold within 1 h of serum addition and then decline by 4 h to nearly the level observed in serum-starved cells. This level is maintained throughout the remainder of the cell cycle. The early induction of c-myc is dependent on serum concentration and is independent of cell density. These results confirm and extend previous observations for primary cells. By contrast, expression of c-raski does not vary at all through the cell cycle and p53 increases with time after mitogenic stimulation. In the adenovirus-transformed cell lines, the regulation of expression of c-myc with respect to the cell cycle is altered. There is an increase in c-myc in S phase cells which is dependent on cell density and the early induction in response to serum addition as seen in primary cells is absent. Expressions of c-raski and p53 are found to show similar profiles to those observed for primary cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"28 5","pages":"712-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/g86-101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14919849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Selection on phenotypic variation of pupa weight in Tribolium castaneum","authors":"S. Cardin, F. Minvielle","doi":"10.1139/G86-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/G86-119","url":null,"abstract":"Responses to selection for high and low intrafamily coefficients of variation of pupa weight in Tribolium castaneum were observed for 10 generations. A significant decrease of the coefficient of va...","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"46 1","pages":"856-861"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72829063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization of human chromosomal constitutive heterochromatin.","authors":"A Babu, R S Verma","doi":"10.1139/g86-093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/g86-093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The constitutive heterochromatin of human chromosomes is evaluated by various selective staining techniques, i.e., CBG, G-11, distamycin A plus 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-2-HCl (DA/DAPI), the fluorochrome D287/170, and Giemsa staining following the treatments with restriction endonucleases AluI and HaeIII. It is suggested that the constitutive heterochromatin could be arbitrarily divided into at least seven types depending on the staining profiles expressed by different regions of C-bands. The pericentromeric C-bands of chromosomes 1, 5, 7, 9, 13-18, and 20-22 consist of more than one type of chromatin, of which chromosome 1 presents the highest degree of heterogeneity. Chromosomes 3 and 4 show relatively less consistent heterogeneous fractions in their C-bands. The C-bands of chromosomes 10, 19, and the Y do not have much heterogeneity but have characteristic patterns with other methods using restriction endonucleases. Chromosomes 2, 6, 8, 11, 12, and X have homogeneous bands stained by the CBG technique only. Among the chromosomes with smaller pericentric C-bands, chromosome 18 shows frequent heteromorphic variants for the size and position (inversions) of the AluI resistant fraction of C-band. The analysis of various types of heterochromatin with respect to specific satellite and nonsatellite DNA sequences suggest that the staining profiles are probably related to sequence diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9589,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of genetics and cytology. Journal canadien de genetique et de cytologie","volume":"28 5","pages":"631-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/g86-093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13581664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}