Canadian Journal of Surgery最新文献

{"title":"État de la situation et perspectives d’avenir — Contributions du <i>Journal canadien de chirurgie</i> à l’ensemble de la communauté chirurgicale.","authors":"Chad G Ball, Edward J Harvey","doi":"10.1503/cjs.008226","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.008226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E174-E175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core competencies for global surgery training: a scoping review.","authors":"Roy A Hilzenrat, Rachel J Livergant, Catherine J Binda, Jayd Adams, Allison Chhor, Adrianna Paiero-Keeler, Jo-Anne Petropoulos, Helen Hsiao, Faizal Haji, Esther Anne Chin","doi":"10.1503/cjs.014525","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.014525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite calls from various global organizations for increased attention to global surgery, guidance on developing effective curricula is lacking. In this scoping review, we aimed to outline the necessary learning objectives and competencies for establishing sustainable, equitable, and noncolonialist academic global surgery programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. We used key terms to search 5 electronic databases and conducted a comprehensive grey literature search to identify universities, medical programs, and organizations offering academic global surgery programs. We categorized curricular objectives extracted from these sources into the 11 domains of global health defined by the Consortium of Universities on Global Health. We employed thematic analysis to further categorize these objectives into unique themes within each domain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a total of 43 studies and 61 programs through database and grey literature searches, respectively. These sources yielded 333 unique curricular objectives, which we analyzed thematically, revealing 41 unique themes spanning various neglected areas in global surgery, such as Indigenous health, environments, chronic diseases, technology, and underserved populations like refugees, urban populations of low socioeconomic status, and racial and ethnic minority groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review outlines essential skills for effective engagement in modern global surgical care, emphasizing the emergence of nontraditional themes like bidirectional partnerships, sustainability, and self-governance over mission-based approaches. Integrating these forward-looking themes into global surgery curricula is vital for improving global surgical care standards and fostering a skilled, globally aware workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E188-E199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent postoperative opioid use in patients treated with total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture: a propensity-score-matched analysis.","authors":"Mina Tohidi, Jensen Murphy, Stephen M Mann, Patti A Groome","doi":"10.1503/cjs.020425","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.020425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pain management after hip fracture surgery is particularly challenging because clinicians must simultaneously minimize prolonged opioid exposure while ensuring effective recovery in this vulnerable patient population. We sought to compare persistent postoperative opioid use across a matched group of patients with femoral neck fracture treated with either total hip arthroplasty (THA) or hemiarthroplasty and to describe the association between patient characteristics and opioid use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Routinely collected health care databases were linked at ICES to create a population-based cohort of patients aged 66 years or older in Ontario, Canada, who underwent THA or hemiarthroplasty for a femoral neck fracture between 2002 and 2016. We used propensity-score matching to balance potential confounders. We quantified and compared persistent postoperative opioid use between treatment groups using survival analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The full cohort consisted of 45 119 patients, of whom 41 247 (91.4%) were treated with hemiarthroplasty and 3872 (8.6%) were treated with THA. More than half (<i>n</i> = 25 168, 55.8%) of patients had not filled an opioid prescription in the year before hip fracture and were considered naive to opioids. Overall, 5958 (23.7%) opioid-naive patients filled at least 1 opioid prescription between 90 days and 1 year after hip fracture. All eligible patients who underwent THA were matched 1:2 to hemiarthroplasty patients (matched cohort <i>n</i> = 6492). There was no statistically significant difference in persistent postoperative opioid use between treatment groups (relative risk 1.06, 95% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.17). Patients living in long-term care or requiring home care services and patients with a high comorbidity burden were more likely to use opioid medication, before and after hip fracture.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Persistent opioid use is common after both THA and hemiarthroplasty for hip fracture. Patients with higher health care needs before fracture and higher comorbidity burden were more likely to persistently use postoperative opioids.</p>","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E200-E210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the scalpel: redefining surgical training for tomorrow: Canadian Conference for the Advancement of Surgical Education, Oct. 16-17, 2025 Winnipeg, Manitoba.","authors":"Franciska Otaner, Abrar Ahmed, Zeel Patel, Farbod Niazi, Saman Arfaie, Ashish Kumar, Norbert Banyi, Dianne Valenzuela, M Elise Graham, Amanda C Hu, Meerab Majeed, Aljeena Rahat Qureshi, Armaan K Malhotra, Negeen Halabian, Vidhi Bhatt, Ajibola Anifowose, Armaghan Alam, David-Dan Nguyen, Betel Yibrehu, Kennedy Ayoo, Adom Bondzi-Simpson, Savtaj Brar, Adom Bondzi-Simpson, Betel Yibrehu, Vatineh Magaji, Kianna Brown, Armaan K Malhotra, David-Dan Nguyen, Kennedy Ayoo, Biniam Kidane, Shiva Jayaraman, Brent Zobolotny, Sean P Cleary, Savtaj Brar, Breanna Chen, Éolie Delisle, Jessica Forcillo, Frédérique Leroux, Félix Girolamo-Cousineau, Yasmin Osman, Léamarie Meloche-Dumas, Merieme Habti, Florence Bénard, Patrick Lavoie, Adam Dubrowski, Rami Younan, Kerianne Boulva, Ahmad Kaviani, Érica Patocskai, Fariha Rahman, Sonika Khurana, Skanda Kaushik, Yousef Darwish, Ali Bayrouti, Emma Forrester, Farah Ali, Kaileb Olson, Rayyan Zuberi, Zach Oleynik, Mars Zhao, David Sauder, Noor Al Kaabi, Aljeena Qureshi, Abdollah Behzadi, Afreen Ahmad, Aljeena Qureshi, Kevin Ly, Kyobin Hwang, Radha Kohly, Micheal Nguyen, Carla Starvaggi, Maryse Bouchard, Mark Kristina Keitel, Kai Ziebarth, Sasha Carsen, Alexandra Mortimer, Ryan Katchky, Anthony Cooper, Ron El-Hawary, Lori-Ann Archer, Neil Saran, Jennifer Stimec, Martin Pusic, Kathy Boutis, Jammie Lee, Kyle Gallant, Ashley Vergis, Krista Hardy, Wenjing He, Aljeena Rahat Qureshi, Waleed K S Alsarhani, Alexander J Kaplan, Norbert Banyi, Arman Abdalkhani, Yun Wu, Bin Zheng, Yun Wu, Bin Zheng, Huan Yu Lily Dai, Pamela Brazeau-Porrello, Merieme Habti, Asma Abdullah, Johnny Efanov, Peter Alam, Lijun Song, Adam Dubrowski, Erica Patocskai, Akanksha Guleria, Alex Thabane, Moad Alsefaou, Phillip Staibano, Tyler McKechnie, Ashlyn Chou, Goran Calic, Mohit Bhandari, Yuzhang Li, Xinming Li, Bin Zheng, Emma Forrester, Mike Paget, Anabel Bergeron, Hong Hao Xu, Laurent Tessier, Philippe Lacroix, Stéphane Jacques, Maude Bouchard, Tetyana Tzomko, Josée Tessier, Lucas Sideris, Marianne Gagnon-Konamna, Patricia Egerszegi, Taylor Marshall, Cameron Elgie, Roy Kirkpatrick, Lisa Allen, Magdalena Partyka-Sitnik, Gabriel Berberi, Denia Hamidi, Ojasvi Sharma, Elie Fadel, Jack Legler, Emily Steinberg, Gregory Mikerov, Ipinu Fatokun, Hasnaien Ahmed, Abdollah Behzadi, Sayf Gazala, Mehdi Qiabi, Jonathan White, Simon Turner, Thomas Manuel, Odile Huynh, Morgan Wokes, Suyin A Lum Min, B J Hancock, Giuseppe Retrosi, Emma Forester, Fariha Rahman, Mohammad Omer, Grace Perez, Caitlin McClurg, Aaron Johnston, Adrian Harvey, Ali Bayrouti, Austin A Barr, Farah Ali, Adam Guthrie, Nawab Azizi, Denesh Peramakumar, Peter Szasz, Sarah Jones, Boris Zevin, Dhruv Patel, Jonathan Babulic, Andrea Winthrop, Steve Mann, Laura Sims, Krista Trinder, Dave Gwun, Victoria Tucci, Alexandra D'Souza, Thomas Milazzo, Sophocles Voineskos, David Wallace, Kyle Wanzel, Shaishav Datta, Imen Benadda, Noa Bouzaglo, Andrew Gorgy, Shannon Fraser, Helia Dana Mansouri, Samuel Tholl, Alexander Moise, Andrew Thamboo, Anjali Jagannathan, Krystina Clarke, Rahima Mazlomyar, Lisa Satterthwaite, Otto Sanchez, Adam Dubrowski, Ruxandra Penta, Robert Harutyunyan, Wenjing He, Ashley Vergis, Krista Hardy, Chirag Chopra, Souzan Yacob, Bonnie Yang, Nicholas Laflamme, Eleftheria Laios, Wiley Chung, Charlotte McEwen, Rachel Beetham, Iqbal Jaffer, Elif Bilgic, Matthew Sibbald, Zena Martineau-Karakach, Éolie Delisle, Lisa Hannane, Mathieu Bergeron, Imen Benadda, Laury Gueyie, Masayuki Fukumoto, Junko Tokuno, Gerald M Fried, Christa Aubrey, Matthew Robrigado, Nicole Green, Kaylie Welykholowa","doi":"10.1503/cjs.006726","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.006726","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2suppl1","pages":"S1-S15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13082847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of and findings from a regional shoulder replacement registry.","authors":"Jarret Woodmass, Sarah Harris, Sheila McRae, Christiaan H Righolt, Peter MacDonald, Eric Bohm","doi":"10.1503/cjs.014624","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.014624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is currently no national total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) database in Canada. As a first step toward a national registry, a regional shoulder database was initiated in 2017. In this study, we describe the implementation of and initial findings from the shoulder database and patient-reported outcomes program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The registry is intended to capture all shoulder arthroplasty procedures in the province of Manitoba and includes surgeon-reported operative details and data on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Every surgeon submits data. We included primary and revision procedures performed since 2017 in the retrospective case series study. We assessed registry coverage by the rate of return of surgeon-completed operative forms and patient-reported outcomes questionnaires, respectively. We determined the incidence of revision by the number of primary procedures linked to a revision within 1 year of surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1044 TSA procedures occurred during the study period. Overall, 65.0% were anatomic (<i>n</i> = 679) and 35.0% were reverse TSA procedures (<i>n</i> = 365). Of the 1044 surgeries that took place, the capture rate was 92.0% (<i>n</i> = 960) for operative data. The capture rate for PROM questionnaires was 78.6% preoperatively and 65.8% postoperatively. Four primary procedures were linked with a revision within 1 year of surgery (0.4%). The most frequent diagnosis reported was degenerative arthritis (<i>n</i> = 558/817). High satisfaction (<i>n</i> = 569/636) and improved joint-specific and general quality-of-life PROMs were reported at 1 year.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The provincial shoulder database demonstrates the early stages of a registry, which contains useful, granular data and is an opportunity to fill an important gap in Canadian arthroplasty data.</p>","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E137-E145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The growing burden of spine surgical wait times: a retrospective cohort study of longitudinal trends and impact on perioperative outcomes.","authors":"Jessica C W Wang, John Street, Tamir Ailon, Michael Bond, Raphaële Charest-Morin, Nicolas Dea, Marcel Dvorak, Charles Fisher, Brian K Kwon, Scott Paquette, Charlotte Dandurand","doi":"10.1503/cjs.000625","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.000625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Surgical delays are common in public health care systems such as Canada's. Trends in wait times for elective spine surgery and their impact on outcomes remain uncharacterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a single-centre analysis of elective spine surgery data between 2009 and 2020. We assessed wait times between referral and initial consultation (T1), consultation and surgical booking (interval wait time; Ti), and booking and surgery (T2) in terms of trends and impact on perioperative outcomes (adverse events and hospital length of stay [LOS]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 2041 patients were included. Over the study period, total wait time (T1+Ti+T2) increased 5.6% annually (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Specifically, T1 decreased 4.8% (<i>p</i> < 0.001), Ti increased 14.9% (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and T2 increased 8.5% (<i>p</i> < 0.001) from year to year. The cumulative increase in total wait time was 72.4%, and the cumulative increase in Ti was 301.1% over the 10-year period. Longer total wait time and Ti were associated with increased rate of adverse events (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively) and odds of adverse events (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Delays in all wait time intervals were associated with longer LOS (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with T2 having the largest effect of a 10.8% increase in LOS per 100 days of T2 (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Total wait times (T1+Ti+T2) for elective spine surgery significantly increased between 2009 and 2020. Ti showed the largest increase over the study period and was associated with a significant increase in adverse events. Future studies should investigate the impact of various efforts implemented and whether this translates to improved surgical outcomes and resource management.</p>","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E164-E172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Where are orthopedic surgery graduates practising? A critical look at the last 30 years in Ontario.","authors":"Silvio Ndoja, Holly S Howe, Steven R Papp, Emil H Schemitsch, Brent A Lanting","doi":"10.1503/cjs.011525","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.011525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There has been considerable discussion regarding the demand for orthopedic surgery care and simultaneously the lack of employment opportunities for new graduates. We sought to understand the practice patterns and locations of orthopedic surgeons trained in Ontario.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We invited 618 surgeons trained between 1992 and 2020 to participate in a survey investigating their current practice location, practice patterns, available resources, and reasons for emigration if practising outside of Canada.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 253 surgeons responded (40.9%), with 242 full responses. Emigration out of Canada and number of fellowships did not change with time; however, those who graduated more recently were more likely to leave out of necessity rather than interest. Graduates of the University of Ottawa were more likely to work in the United States and more likely to settle farthest from their school if they stayed in Ontario. Graduates of the University of Toronto were more likely to work within 50 km of their training program than graduates of other schools. Most surgeons described themselves as specialists (community or academic), with very few self-described generalists (12%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found an effect of school on the probability of leaving Canada, with surgeons who graduated more recently leaving out of necessity. This suggests that more recent graduates believe there are not enough opportunities, with graduates of the University of Ottawa being the hardest hit. We also found that almost no one viewed themselves as a generalist, which suggests a re-evaluation of the goals of residency education.</p>","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E155-E163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of obesity on revision total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Mohamad Nassereddine, Richard McCalden, Lyndsay Somerville, Jackie Marsh, Edward M Vasarhelyi","doi":"10.1503/cjs.003525","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.003525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity has been linked to higher rates of postoperative complications, delayed wound healing, reoperation, and re-revision rate following revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA). This study examined the impact of obesity across various weight classes on RTKA outcomes: healthy weight (body mass index [BMI] < 25); overweight (BMI 25 to 29.9); class I obesity (BMI 30 to 34.9); class II obesity (BMI 35 to 39.9); class III, type 1 obesity (BMI 40 to 44.9); class III, type 2 obesity (BMI 45 to 49.9); and severe class III obesity (BMI ≥ 50).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed an institutional database of patients who underwent RTKA over a period of 15 years. Data on demographics, re-revision rate, RTKA survivorship, postoperative complications, mortality rate, readmissions, 90-day costs, and functional outcomes were collected. Comparisons among BMI groups were made with Kruskal-Wallis tests for non-normal data and χ² and Fisher exact tests for categorical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 550 patients were included in the study, categorized into 7 BMI groups. The overall re-revision rate was 17%, with the BMI 45 to 49.9 (hazard ratio [HR] 2.4, <i>p</i> = 0.028) and BMI ≥ 50 (HR 2.8, <i>p</i> = 0.007) groups experiencing the highest risk. Implant survival in these groups declined to 70% at 4 years and 40% at 10 years, which was significantly lower than in patients with a lower BMI (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Secondary outcomes revealed that a BMI ≥ 50 was associated with higher 90-day readmission, superficial and deep infection rates, and increased 90-day costs (all <i>p</i> < 0.05), whereas functional improvements following RTKA were comparable across BMI groups (all <i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A BMI of 45 to 49.9 and ≥ 50 are risk factors for re-revision, postoperative infection, and readmission rates and increase the 90-day costs associated with RTKA.</p>","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E146-E154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of resident salary and living wage in Canada: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Leyi Bellinda Yin, Stephanie Jiang, Ashlie Nadler, Justin Barr","doi":"10.1503/cjs.013025","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.013025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medical training in Canada is a long and demanding process, often accompanied by substantial financial hardships. While resident salaries tend to exceed the average Canadian income, it remains unclear whether they sufficiently address the high burden of debt and elevated living costs, particularly in urban centres such as Toronto, Vancouver, and Montréal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study evaluated the affordability of resident salaries across postgraduate year (PGY) 1 to PGY5 training programs for 2024-25 by comparing them to living wages. Salary-to-living wage ratios were calculated for single adults; single parents with 1 child; and dual-income, 2-children households.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from all 17 Canadian residency programs showed that residents consistently earn a living wage for single adults and dual-income, 2-children households. Single-parent residents were unable to earn a living wage until PGY2 in Calgary and Québec, and until PGY3 in Montréal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While most resident salaries met living wage benchmarks, some programs, including Calgary, Montréal, and Québec, fell short, forcing residents to cover the gap. Financial strain on residents persists because of high debt, limited time for cost-saving measures, and childcare costs. Residency salaries could be adjusted, with particular attention to regions with rising living expenses and family composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E130-E136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12999224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Pre- and postsurgery measurements of continuous muscle compartment pressure in patients with extremity trauma.","authors":"","doi":"10.1503/cjs.005226","DOIUrl":"10.1503/cjs.005226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9573,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","volume":"69 2","pages":"E121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12999223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147472782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}