Canadian Journal of Animal Science最新文献_第2页

Safety and Efficacy of Hemp-Derived Products in Animal Feeds – A Narrative Review 动物饲料中大麻衍生产品的安全性和功效 - 综述

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0133

Neijat Mohamed, J. D. House

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Hemp-Derived Products in Animal Feeds – A Narrative Review","authors":"Neijat Mohamed, J. D. House","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2023-0133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2023-0133","url":null,"abstract":"The current interest in hemp is not limited to the medicinal use for humans, it is also gaining attention as a valuable feed ingredient for animals. For instance, the processing of whole hemp seed (HS) for the extraction of the oil can result in various feed materials for animals, including HS hulls (HH), dehulled HS, HS oil (HO), and HS cake/meal (HC/HM). However, currently, HS-derived products are not approved as feed ingredients in Canada, in part, because the safety and efficacy of these derivatives, like other jurisdictions, require certification by regulatory bodies for their use in animal feeds. In this context, this document reviews previous studies testing the application of hemp-derived products in various animal feeds including poultry, swine, ruminants, as well as in aquaculture production to support their safety and efficacy. Furthermore, the document attempts to review available data on the transfer of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; the psychoactive component) into animal products. Hence, the aim of this work is to support future policy directions and guidelines for the application of various hemp-derived products in animal feeds.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140965228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in meat and dairy goat kids fed a concentrate-based diet or allotted to an intensive rotational grazing system 以精饲料为主食或采用密集轮牧系统的肉用山羊和奶用山羊幼崽的生长性能、胴体特征和肉质

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0075

Marie-Ève Brassard, P. Chouinard, G.F. Tremblay, R. Gervais, Eric Pouliot, L. Tessier, Claude Gariepy, D. Cinq-Mars

{"title":"Growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in meat and dairy goat kids fed a concentrate-based diet or allotted to an intensive rotational grazing system","authors":"Marie-Ève Brassard, P. Chouinard, G.F. Tremblay, R. Gervais, Eric Pouliot, L. Tessier, Claude Gariepy, D. Cinq-Mars","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2023-0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2023-0075","url":null,"abstract":"Forty meat or dairy kids were blocked within breed according to body weight. Kids within each block were then randomly allotted to a concentrate-based diet or an intensive rotational grazing system. Kids fed the concentrate-based diet were offered hay ad libitum and fixed amounts of whole corn and soybean meal to meet the requirements for maintenance and daily gain. Grazing kids from each breed were stocked in groups and offered a new paddock every day. Dry matter intake was not different between breeds. Meat kids had a greater average daily gain than dairy kids but feeding treatments did not affect the growth rate. Dairy kids had greater anterior cuts (neck, shoulder), whereas meat kids tended to have greater posterior cuts (loin, leg). Meat kids accumulated more fat when they were fed concentrate in comparison with pasture, whereas this variable tended to be less influenced by dietary treatments in dairy kids. Meat of pasture-fed kids had greater Warner-Bratzler shear force and glycolytic potential, and lower ultimate pH than meat of concentrate-fed kids. The n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratio of intramuscular fat was almost 4-fold greater in concentrate- then pasture-fed kids; this ratio was 1.4-fold greater in dairy than meat kids.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of postabsorptive glucose and acetate metabolism with feed intake, growth, and efficiency in finishing beef heifers 吸收后葡萄糖和醋酸代谢与育成肉用小母牛采食量、生长和效率的关系

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0139

Andrew P Foote, Abigail R Rathert-Williams, C. Salisbury, Hunter L McConnell, D. Lalman

{"title":"Association of postabsorptive glucose and acetate metabolism with feed intake, growth, and efficiency in finishing beef heifers","authors":"Andrew P Foote, Abigail R Rathert-Williams, C. Salisbury, Hunter L McConnell, D. Lalman","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2023-0139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2023-0139","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this experiment was to determine if acetate and glucose metabolism, as well as insulin response to glucose, are associated with the growth, feed intake, and feed efficiency of finishing heifers. Charolais heifers (n = 18; initial BW = 415.7 ± 45.17 kg) were acclimated to restraint with a halter and fed a finishing diet ad libitum using an Insentec feeding system. Following a 12-hour fast, a jugular catheter was inserted, and an acetate clearance test was performed followed by a glucose clearance test. Four days after the metabolic tests, heifers began an 84-d DMI and ADG test period. Heifers gained 1.69 ± 0.03 kg/d and consumed 10.4 ± 0.19 kg/d. Acetate and glucose clearance rates were not associated with any production trait (P ≥ 0.40). Insulin time to peak concentration after the glucose challenge was associated (r = 0.69; P = 0.003) with G:F, but not peak concentration (P = 0.45). The increased time to insulin peak could indicate that efficient heifers have pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, which is a contributor to insulin resistance. These data indicate that insulin resistance early in the finishing period could be related to improved feed efficiency in finishing heifers.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proceedings of the 2023 Meeting of the Animal Science Modelling Group 动物科学建模小组 2023 年会议记录

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2024-0024

E. Kebreab, J.P. Cant, J.R. Knapp

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of plasma biotin, folate, and vitamin B12 concentrations of Holstein dairy cows fed adequate or high concentrations of dietary vitamin D3, vitamin E, calcium, and selenium under heat stress 评估热应激下饲喂足量或高浓度日粮维生素 D3、维生素 E、钙和硒的荷斯坦奶牛血浆生物素、叶酸和维生素 B12 的浓度

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0115

Mélissa Duplessis, A. Ruiz-González, D. E. Rico

引用次数: 0

Day-to-day variation in trace and macro-mineral concentrations in corn and mixed grass-legume silages of Canadian commercial dairy herds 加拿大商业奶牛场玉米和草-豆混合青贮饲料中微量元素和大分子矿物质浓度的日间变化

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0121

Mélissa Duplessis, Kathrin Dubois, Isabelle Royer

{"title":"Day-to-day variation in trace and macro-mineral concentrations in corn and mixed grass-legume silages of Canadian commercial dairy herds","authors":"Mélissa Duplessis, Kathrin Dubois, Isabelle Royer","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2023-0121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2023-0121","url":null,"abstract":"The aims were to assess the day-to-day variation in trace minerals (TM), macro-minerals, dry matter, and physical effectiveness factor in grass-legume and corn silages and to evaluate the variance partition. Grass-legume and corn silage samples were collected in 9 Canadian dairy herds during 2 episodes of 5 consecutive days at 4 weeks apart by the same individual. All variables were analyzed in duplicate. The proportion of variation due to the farm was more variable within TM than macro-minerals. Using TM software reference values of silages for formulating rations can lead to important errors. Except for physical effectiveness factor, the within-farm variations between sampling episodes were more marked for mixed grass-legume than corn silage. For most of the minerals and nutrients analyzed, the sampling + day-to-day variations were the main source of variability, accounting for over 50% of the within-farm variance for both silage types. The remaining within-farm variance was explained by subsampling and laboratory analyses. The high within-herd variation suggest that a silage sampling over more than one day can be useful to get a representative sample for TM analysis. Accurate nutrients and TM values when formulating cow diets is essential to cow health and productivity.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140712440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accounting for dominance genetic variation in carcass quality traits of Canadian crossbred beef cattle 加拿大杂交肉牛胴体质量性状的优势遗传变异分析

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2024-0008

Masoud Alipanah, T. Valente, M. Abo-Ismail, G. Plastow, J. Basarab, J. J. Crowley, E. Akanno

{"title":"Accounting for dominance genetic variation in carcass quality traits of Canadian crossbred beef cattle","authors":"Masoud Alipanah, T. Valente, M. Abo-Ismail, G. Plastow, J. Basarab, J. J. Crowley, E. Akanno","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2024-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2024-0008","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to evaluate the contribution of additive and dominance genetic effects to the phenotypic variation of carcass quality traits and to identify the underlying genetic variants associated with these traits. A total of 3,958 Canadian crossbred beef cattle with phenotype and genotype data were used in two models: 1) additive and 2) joint additive and dominance genomic model which included fixed contemporary group, and covariates of slaughter age, and the eigenvectors of five principal components to account for population structure. Variance components and genome-wide association analyses were performed, and a 10% genome-wide false discovery rate (FDR) was applied to declare associations as significant. Genomic heritability ranged from 0.31±0.03 for ultrasound rib eye area to 0.46±0.05 for marbling score. Up to 10% dominance genetic variation was observed for ultrasound rib eye area and marbling score, indicating the contribution of dominance genetic effects to these trait variations. Eleven overlapping significant SNP associations were identified across the studied traits and models. The identified candidate genes (e.g. BTC, SPP1, and SEPSECS) have biological functions related to tissue growth and skeletal muscle development and can be further validated in other cattle populations to determine their usefulness for beef cattle genetic improvement.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140716743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative responses of Lohmann Select Leghorn-lite and Shaver Heritage White Leghorn hens when fed diets containing unground and ground oat hulls Lohmann Select Leghorn-lite 和 Shaver Heritage White Leghorn 母鸡在饲喂含有未磨碎和磨碎燕麦壳的日粮时的反应比较

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2024-0005

A. Mills, Anderson N. Maina, E. Kiarie

{"title":"Comparative responses of Lohmann Select Leghorn-lite and Shaver Heritage White Leghorn hens when fed diets containing unground and ground oat hulls","authors":"A. Mills, Anderson N. Maina, E. Kiarie","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2024-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2024-0005","url":null,"abstract":"A standard commercial mash (control), or a mixture of control and fine (FOH) or coarse (COH) oat hulls at a ratio of 80:20 wt/wt were fed to 57-wk old Lohmann Select Leghorn- Lites (LSL) and 44-wk old Shavers Heritage White Leghorns (SHW) for 28 days. There was no (P>0.05) strain and diet interaction or diet effects on egg production indices (EP) and feed intake (FI). However, LSL hens had similar (P>0.05) FI but higher (P>0.05) EP than SHW. There was no strain and diet interaction observed on apparent retention of gross energy (ARGE) and gizzard weight (P>0.05). However, the control hens had higher ARGE, and lighter gizzards compared to oat hull-fed hens (P<0.01). In addition, COH hens had higher ARGE and heavier gizzards compared to FOH hens. The SHW hens exhibited greater jejunal crypt depth (P=0.011) compared to LSL hens. An interaction (P=0.041) between strain and diets on ceca digesta short chain fatty acids (SFCA) was such that oat hulls reduced SCFA in LSL but not in SHW hens. In conclusion, despite differences in age, relative to predecessors the modern hen is adaptable to ingestion of structural material rich insoluble fibre without negative impact on egg production and feed intake","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140736600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of potential candidate genes associated with milk protein differences in Holstein cows: A meta-Analysis integrating GWAS and RNA-Seq transcriptome 鉴定与荷斯坦奶牛乳蛋白差异相关的潜在候选基因：整合 GWAS 和 RNA-Seq 转录组的元分析

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0108

Somaieh Bakhshalizadeh, Saeed Zerehdaran, Karim Hasanpur, A. Javadmanesh

{"title":"Identification of potential candidate genes associated with milk protein differences in Holstein cows: A meta-Analysis integrating GWAS and RNA-Seq transcriptome","authors":"Somaieh Bakhshalizadeh, Saeed Zerehdaran, Karim Hasanpur, A. Javadmanesh","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2023-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2023-0108","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the identification of candidate genes influencing milk protein, the connections between genes and regulatory pathways remains elusive. This study aimed integrate findings from genome wide association studies (GWAS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) through meta-analysis to pinpoint single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes responsible for high and low protein yield in cows. Previous GWAS and RNA-Seq analyses had identified 663 SNPs and 1,106 genes (P<0.05). 20 SNPs from GWAS, 10 genes from RNA-Seq, and 49 SNP/gene associations from both datasets, were identified using meta-analysis. Meta-analysis validated several SNPs previously identified through GWAS, such as rs135549651 (P=2.6×〖10〗^(-256)), rs109146371 (P=3.1×〖10〗^(-208)), rs109350371 (P=4.0×〖10〗^(-207)), and rs109774038 (P=8.6×〖10〗^(-587)). Genes identified in RNA-Seq experiments, including NR4A1 (P=3.2×〖10〗^(-7)), ATF3 (P=9.6×〖10〗^(-7)), CDH16 (P=9.9×〖10〗^(-7)), VEGFA (P=1.0×〖10〗^(-6)), and SAA3 (P=7.3×〖10〗^(-11)), were confirmed. The combined GWAS and RNA-Seq datasets highlighted CCND2 (P=8.9×〖10〗^(-111)), MAPK15 (P=1.3×〖10〗^(-151)), and CPSF1 (P=1.2×〖10〗^(-306)) as the most significant genes. Additionally, significant GO terms including ionizing radiation (P=1.5×〖10〗^(-4)), nuclear pore cytoplasmic filaments (P=9.4×〖10〗^(-5)), and phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase activity (P=1.4×〖10〗^(-5)) were identified. In conclusion, the integration of GWAS and RNA-Seq, coupled with GO enrichment, allowed identification of candidate SNPs and genes with higher accuracy. These findings improve our knowledge about genomic architecture of milk protein, and enhance evaluation of Holstein cows.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the use of commercial-type and synthetic diets to test a nucleotide-rich yeast-derived product as a growth promotor for first feeding rainbow trout fry raised at 10oC or 16oC 评估使用商品日粮和合成日粮测试富含核苷酸的酵母衍生产品作为生长促进剂首次喂养在 10oC 或 16oC 温度下养殖的虹鳟鱼苗的情况

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2023-0130

Derek Martin Anderson, Margot B White, Stephanie Anne Collins, Rob Patterson

{"title":"Evaluation of the use of commercial-type and synthetic diets to test a nucleotide-rich yeast-derived product as a growth promotor for first feeding rainbow trout fry raised at 10oC or 16oC","authors":"Derek Martin Anderson, Margot B White, Stephanie Anne Collins, Rob Patterson","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2023-0130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2023-0130","url":null,"abstract":"A nucleotide-rich yeast-derived product (Maxi-GenTM; CBS Bio Platforms, Inc.; Calgary AB, Canada), was fed to rainbow trout fry housed at 10oC or 16oC to determine its effect on weight gain and feed intake. Rainbow trout fry housed in 40 16-L tanks (25 fish / tank) were fed commercial-type or synthetic diets with or without the nucleotide-rich yeast product added (0 or 0.5% inclusion) until they reached 60 days of age (5 tanks / 4 diets / 2 temperatures). Fish housed at 16oC consumed significantly more feed and gained significantly more weight than fish housed at 10oC. Trout fed the commercial-type diet gained significantly more weight than those fed the synthetic diet without the nucleotide-rich yeast product added. There was no significant difference in weight gain or feed intake among fish fed either commercial-type diet and the fish fed the synthetic diets with the nucleotide-rich yeast product added, although fish fed the commercial-type diets had significantly better feed conversion efficiencies than those fed the synthetic diets. The nucleotide-rich yeast product could be used in low fish meal, low fish oil first feeding diets, as the aquaculture industry decreases fish meal and oil use in aquafeeds in response to their increasing cost and decreasing availability.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140372022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0