Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work最新文献

{"title":"RESEARCH OF THE PROCESSES OF MINERALIZATION OF DRINKING WATER BY CERAMIC MINERALIZERS FOR DOMESTIC WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEMS","authors":"Oleksii Fesenko, Yurii Masalskyi, Kseniia Bardakova, Inna Zaitseva, Tetiana Panaiotova","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.08","url":null,"abstract":"The role of fresh water in the formation of the state is considered and it is determined that proper management of water resources is a critical component of increasing the standard of living of the population of all countries of the world, both from the point of view of the development of the industrial complex of the state and ensuring the health of the nation. However, the growing level of pollution of water bodies, significant deterioration of the water infrastructure of cities and sometimes the impossibility of restoring it due to active hostilities lead to a significant decrease in the quality of drinking water in Ukraine. An effective solution to this problem is the use of household filtration systems. Among their significant variety, the most widespread are reverse osmosis systems that can effectively purify water from heavy metals, soluble salts of viruses and microorganisms. Their main disadvantage is the extremely low salt content of 1520 mg/l, which requires domineralization up to 200 mg/ml. Existing systems of premineralization of drinking water are characterized by exceeding the limit values of salt content (saline) or instability of the level of mineralization (mineral). That is why the urgent task is the development of innovativemineralizers for drinking water with prolonged action based on non-cost domestic raw materials and the study of mineralization processes. The obtained data on the salt content of the solution after aging with mineralizers made it possible to confirm the assumption of a significant influence of the ratio of the surface area of the mineralizer to the volume of water on the rate of the leaching process. With a ratio of 0.4 cm2/ml, the minimum recommended level ofsalt content is achieved after 7 hours of exposure at a stable pH level (8.158.70). A study of the effect of cyclic water replacement on the level of salt content indicates minor changes in its values when held for one (71.1–79.0 mg/l) and three (136.9–140.3 mg/l) hours, which may indicate prolonged action mineralizer. The total hardness of water after 24 hours of exposure to a mineralizer is 1.55 mmol/l, the concentration of Ca2+ is 19 mg/l and Mg2+ is 7.2 mg/l, whichmeets the requirements of regulatory documents.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OXIDE-REDUCED MECHANISM OF Fe(ІІІ) OXIDE REMOVAL FROM MONTMORILLONITE","authors":"Galina Gurina, Kot Antonina, Kateryna Kaplina, Olexandra Vladyko","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.07","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes a redox mechanism for the bleaching of bentonite lump red clay and produces fillers for white paints and varnishes. Nanostructures of different types have been studied: intercalation compounds, delaminated nanocomposites, and mixed-type nanocomposites. Using the methods of IR spectroscopy, XRF analysis, laser diffraction, and DTA analysis, samples of synthesized organomodified bentonite were studied and the fact of intercalation of alkylbenzyldiethylamonium chloride molecules into the interlayer galleries of the crystalline inorganic matrix was established. A basic technological scheme for the production of bentonite fillers and organobentonite is presented. Nanocomposite hybrid paints and varnishes with the participation of new fillers and organobentonite have been obtained, and the physical and mechanical properties of new materials and coatings have been established.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF TPP AND NPP EQUIPMENT","authors":"Olexander Efimov, Larysa Tiutiunyk, Tetyana Harkusha, Igor Sydorkin, Dmytro Vasyunin","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"The materials of the article analyze the current state of the energy industry in Ukraine and the countries of the world and analyze the ways to increase the efficiency of thermal power plants and nuclear power plants. The elements of the power unit can be affected by aging processes that occur over time or as a result of long-term use. The negative impact of aging can lead to the degradation of the element, namely to the deterioration of its reliability and, as a result, the safety of the power unit as a whole. The development and implementation of measures to mitigate aging processes and to ensure reliable operation of elements during the reassigned resource period is a mandatory type of activity for managing the aging of thermomechanical equipment and pipelines.Monitoring of the technical condition of the elements is performed by monitoring the established parameters and characteristics that determine the technical condition of the elements, during their operation, during tests, measurements, operational control of metal, repairs and maintenance of the elements. Monitoring should be carried out systematically throughout the entire life of the power unit. In turn, technical diagnostics monitors the current state of all elements, detects abnormal conditions, determines the causes of  their appearance, which allows you to assess the situation and take measures to eliminate them. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main approaches to assessing the state of energy equipment of thermal and nuclear power plants.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS","authors":"Svіtlana Bukhkalo, Anna Ageicheva, Oleksandr Belyanskiy, I. Rozhenko, Andrii Abakumov","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"The importance of teaching students foreign languages at higher educational institutions by innovating study methods is discussed.Main innovative approaches were studied. The usage of cases and projects in classes are unified. It is discussed that innovative approaches promotes the development of language skills, the second purpose of working with innovative methodology is a communicative practice. Possible innovative approaches are described in the article. Innovative approaches to foreign language teaching skills is described in the article. It was determined that the systematic usage of the innovative approaches improves language competence and formats necessary skills. The use of various methods and techniques of active learning arouses students' interest in the educational and cognitive activity itself, which enables creating an atmosphere of motivated, creative learning and atthe same time solving a whole range of educational, educational, developmental tasks.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ROLE OF TRANSLATION IN CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION","authors":"Svіtlana Bukhkalo, Anna Ageicheva, Svitlana Shkil, Serhii Bolotnikov","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.11","url":null,"abstract":"The processes of translation as a separate type of communication, and examines the types of linguistic competence in the communication process that are associated with the transfer of information is studied in the article. The obstacles that arise during translation are identified, and the translation process is revealed as a result and act of communication. Practical translation methods are identified. It enables maximum improvement of translation and minimization of all difficulties arising in the translation process. The use of various methods and techniques of active learning arouses students' interest in the educational and cognitive activity itself, which enables creating an atmosphere of motivated, creative learning and at the same time solving a whole range of educational, educational, developmental tasks. It is also appropriate to add that cross-cultural competence cannot be fully utilized without the ability to conduct business negotiations, express one's opinion clearly, and also without knowledge of the general provisions of business ethics.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF MODEL RESULTS OF LABORATORY TESTS OF NEW ACID COMPONENTS FOR CARBONATE COLLECTOR","authors":"O. Aheicheva","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.04","url":null,"abstract":"Results of laboratory tests of new acid components for carbonate collector are considered in the article. Modeling acid treatment is described in the article. It is proved that the use of different methods simplifies this task, as it gives the correct results quickly and easily. The importance of the choice of well operation methods is analyzed. It has been proven that effectiveness of the developed acid malt should be used. The article examines the results of computer modeling of the process of pumping the acidic system into the productive reservoir. The change in the viscosity of the acid system in contact with the carbonate rock, obtained by modeling the process of exiting the emulsion from the pump-compressor pipes was studied. The results of this work are very important andnecessary for further research and well production analysis. Examples from the analysis of experimental research models of laboratory tests of new acid components for a carbonate collector can be applied in the training of students in the Chemical Engineering educational program.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES WITH VARIABLE CHARACTERISTICS","authors":"S. Iglin","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the construction of mathematical models of complex chemical processes when different factors act on the result of a chemical reaction at different points in time. The method of least squares is used. This material can be used to teach university students in the disciplines of Mathematical Statistics, Numerical Methods, General Technologies of Food Production, Food Chemistry, etc. Applications from the analysis of experimental research models and laboratory testing of innovative technologies for the development of different types of galusa can be supported by incoming students in the chemical engineering program. Examples from the analysis of experimental research models of laboratory tests of new acid components for a carbonate collector can be applied in the training of students in the Chemical Engineering educational program.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139165237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METHODS FOR PROMOTION OF PRODUCTS IN THE RESTAURANT BUSINESS","authors":"Svіtlana Bukhkalo, Nataliia Yakymenkо- Tereshchenko","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.09","url":null,"abstract":"The materials of the article consider examples the possibilities for determining the educational goals of university students for the purpose of developing the discipline Innovative restaurant technologies, Commodity science and procurement management for the development of complex projects. When writing the article, the experience of teaching the disciplines General Food Production Technologies, Food Chemistry and Modern Food Technologies at the National Technical University \"Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute\" at the Department of Integrated Technologies, Processes and Devices in 2002–2023 was used. Complex systems for determining the components of the discipline determined competence and quality material, and the issues under consideration are overlooked through the prism of one's own creative perception, which makes the material especially valuable. Developments are carried out using modern highly effective science-based technologies of food production, from types of classification-identification analysis, general concepts and requirements to types of methodology for determining quality indicators of the quality level and their evaluation through the selection of calculation algorithms at various stages of production and use of the obtained goods.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139163866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF NON-STATIONARY HEAT PROCESSES IN THE GROUND HEAT PUMP SYSTEM","authors":"Alla Denysova, Pavlo Ivanov","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"In the work, an analytical study of the efficiency of heat pumps using soil energy for heating, taking into account the climatic conditions of theregion of operation, is performed, which meets the tasks of energy saving and allows reducing emissions of harmful substances into the environment. The main attention is paid to increasing the efficiency of utilization of the technical potential of the soil energy source by the heat pump system using vertical soil heat exchangers. A methodology based on use of the mathematical modeling apparatus as a scientifically based toolkit for calculating non-stationary thermal processes, capable of ensuring the stability and reliability of the ground heat pump system in the short and long term, is proposed. The developed toolkit for calculation and analysis of heat exchange processes allows determining the power of the heat flow, which is removed from the soil, taking into account changes in climatic factors, temperature distribution in the soil around the soil tube and along its length over time, schematic and structural features of the soil tubes for further optimization of the parameters of the heat pump system . It was established that the power of the heat flow, which enters the evaporator of the heat pump from vertical soil pipes, depends on a number of influencing factors: the flow regime of the working fluid circulating in the soil circuit; physical properties of the working body; number of soil heat exchangers; temperature distribution in the soil around the soil tube along its entire length, which changes significantly during long-term operation of the system, affecting the course of heat exchange processes in the system elements. The proposed method makes it possible to perform numerical modeling of thermal processes in the elements of the heat pump, to determine the energy efficiency of the ground heat pump system, which is able to reliably provide consumers with heat during a long period of operation, which can be considered an innovative approach to the analysis of prospects for the development of heat pump heat supply.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAIN ASPECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LAW ON WASTE MANAGEMENT IN EUROPEAN LEGISLATION","authors":"Tetiana Brusentseva, Natalia Korolova, Natalia Nіmets, Nataliia Tsapko","doi":"10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20998/2220-4784.2023.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the main aspects of the implementation of the Law of Ukraine «On Waste Management» adopted on July 9, 2023, which launches waste management reform and approximates Ukrainian legislation to EU legislation. A list of key innovations of this law is provided. The introduction and application of the List of Waste and the Procedure for Waste classification adopted by this law are analyzed. A list of normative legal acts aimed at implementing the provisions of the framework Law «OnWaste Management» is provided. The article provides examples of the hierarchy of the structure of global waste and the classification-identification of waste management in some countries of the world and Ukraine. The Law of Ukraine \"On Waste Management\" brings our legislation closer to the EU legislation, and also initiates the reform of waste management. The Framework Law \"On Waste Management\" implements the basic principles of waste management into our legislation in the context of the European integration movement of Ukraine, but it cannot solve all urgent issues at the same time.","PeriodicalId":9496,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the National Technical University \"KhPI\". Series: Innovation researches in students’ scientific work","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139164670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}