Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)最新文献

{"title":"MOLECULAR STRUCTURE AND RADIOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF DERIVATIVES OF AMINOETHYLTHIOSULFATES AND AMINOTHIOLS","authors":"P. P. Isaev, G. A. Isaeva, I. Kuyanov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-67-74","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of the relationship of radioprotective properties in the series of derivatives of S-2-aminoethylthiosulphates and S-2-aminothiols with their electronic characteristics and physicochemical parameters was performed. The result indicates the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the radioprotective activity and the value of the parameters of the radioprotector molecule: the lower free molecular orbital, the product of the ionization potential and polarizability, and the distribution coefficient in the octanol-water system. In the process of implementing the protective properties of a radioprotector, the ability of the drug to participate in the formation of charge transfer complexes for temporary inhibition of biochemical processes is of great importance. It was shown that the protective effect correlates with the ability of these compounds to participate in the electron transfer process, the energy of intermolecular interaction in the drug-damaged biomolecule system, and the transport properties of radioprotector molecules in the body. It was established that protection can be carried out through the formation of complexes in which molecules of S-2-aminoethylthiosulphate and S-2-aminothiol derivatives act as ligands, and the protective effect increases with an increase in the bond of the complexes and the mobility of the radioprotector molecules.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72958535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF THE REGULARITIES OF MASS TRANSFER AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE REGULAR PACKING OF GIPH-10 DURING THE DISTILLATION OF MODEL MIXTURES","authors":"Anna M. Chebysheva, Nikolay G. Surkov, I. Blinov, V. D. Lunev, D. Tolmachev, N. G. Ismagilov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-18-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-18-25","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental studies of the hydrodynamic and mass transfer characteristics of a regular packing of the GIPH-10 design were carried out. Data on the efficiency (height equivalent to a theoretical plate, HETP) and hydraulic resistance of the nozzle were obtained, a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign analogues was given. The height of the equivalent theoretical plate was calculated using the SRP II model developed in the program of the University of Texas at Austin, USA, for regular packings. Comparison of calculated and experimental results was presented","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"312 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81079445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANODIC BEHAVIOR OF ALUMINUM ALLOY AlMg5.5Li2.1Zr0.15 DOPED WITH CALCIUM IN THE ELECTROLYTE MEDIUM OF NaCl","authors":"I. Ganiev, F. Saidova, S. U. Khudoyberdizoda, Salima S. Savdulloeva, J. H. Jayloev, Vladimir D. Abulhaev","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-65-91-37-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-65-91-37-41","url":null,"abstract":"Duralumin alloy is widely used in the aircraft industry, in the production of high-speed trains (for example, Shinkansen trains) and in many other branches of mechanical engineering (since it is significantly more durable than pure aluminum). Along with high operational properties, the diverse use of duralumin is due to its high technological efficiency, which creates prerequisites for obtaining products by all known methods of casting and plastic processing. Duralumin belongs to the category of structural alloys, which are characterized by increased strength. They are based on aluminum. Copper, manganese, and magnesium are used as additives in different percentages. The properties of duralumin depend on the heat treatment and the amount of alloying elements added. The article presents the results of a study of the effect of calcium on the anodic behavior of aluminum alloy АlМg5.5Li2.1Zr0.15 of the duralumin type in the medium of the NaCl electrolyte. The study of the corrosion−electrochemical behavior of alloys was carried out by a potentiostatic method in a potentiodynamic mode with a potential sweep rate of 2 mV ⋅ s ^(-1). It is shown that calcium additives reduce the rate of anodic corrosion of the initial alloy АlМg5.5Li2.1Zr0.15 by 8-10%. It was found that an increase in the concentration of chloride ions contributes to an increase in the rate of anodic corrosion regardless of the calcium content in the alloy АlМg5.5Li2.1Zr0.15.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"493 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80151844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREPARATION TECHNOLOGY OF PLANT-BASED SAUSAGES AND THEIR QUALITY ASSESSMENT","authors":"Naila M. Labiba, G. Nianikova","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-83-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-83-87","url":null,"abstract":"Formulation for vegetable-based sausage products from pea protein isolate, oatmeal and sunflower seeds was developed as an alternative to meat sausage. Experimental samples of vegetarian sausage were prepared, and their physicochemical, microbiological and organoleptic indicators were defined.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72918250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FABRICATION AND APPLICATION OF HYDROPHOBIC SILICON CONTAINING POLYURETHANE COATINGS. PART TWO. (REVIEW)","authors":"D. A. Erofeev, L. N. Mashlyakovsky","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-40-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-40-51","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known, that water drops tend to easily flow down from lotus leaves because of low wetting degree. In the first part of the review, we discussed the basic concept of wetting theory and different limits of existing models. The unsolved questions in the theory of wetting did not slow the development of methods of hydrophobic coatings fabrication. At present, coatings with low wetting degree are implemented in different industry fields. However, fabrication of coatings with stable hydrophobic properties is still difficult. That problem is especially serious for highly- and superhydrophobic coatings. The second part of the review describes the methods of fabrication of hydrophobic, highly- and superhydrophobic polyurethane coatings. We briefly mention the chemical reactions, which lead to polyurethanes obtaining, methods of hydrophobic coatings fabrication, and their application fields. Special attention is focused on the analysis of the surface parameters in order to establish general laws for producing hydrophobic, highly-hydrophobic and super-hydrophobic polyurethane silicon coatings","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77556383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THERMOCHEMICAL CALCULATIONS OF EQUIULIBRIUM RELATIONS OF ALUMINIUM HYDROXIDE PHASES","authors":"Ivan I. Torlopov, N. Pakhomov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-65-91-3-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-65-91-3-8","url":null,"abstract":"A search and analysis of thermodynamic data on the phases formed during the precipitation of aluminium hydroxide from acidic salts’ solutions was carried out in order to further study the equilibrium relations of aluminium hydroxide. The study of literature on the thermodynamic properties of various aluminium hydroxides modifications obtained by low-temperature calorimetry revealed a contradiction in the calorimetric data on boehmite, which is explained by the difference in thermochemical properties between the phases of crystalline and gelatinous boehmite (boehmite and pseudoboehmite). Saturation indices of aluminium hydroxide phases were plotted, which, in turn, made it possible to compare these phases in terms of their stability and confirm certain regularities characterizing the precipitation conditions","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87011551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPLANATION OF THE PROCESSES OF MELTING, BOILING, EVAPORATION OF A SUBSTANCE FROM THE PHYSICAL MODEL OF THE MOLECULAR-ENERGY UNPACKING OF A SUBSTANCE","authors":"G. G. Khaidarov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-8-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-8-12","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, based on the molecular energy model of unpacking of a substance, a unified energy approach to the processes of melting, boiling and evaporation of a substance is considered. Based on such a model, the relationship between the melting point, boiling point and critical point for a substance was found in terms of energy change. The theoretical correlation of each of those temperatures with the latent heat of fusion, internal energy, enthalpy of vaporization was shown. The results of the correlation were brought up to calculation formulas. The obtained formulas were confirmed by data from reference books and known empirical dependencies. Thus, with the help of the substance unpacking model, one more confirmation of the unified connection between the phenomenon of surface tension, processes of surface melting, melting in volume, surface boiling, boiling in volume, and evaporation was found","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75214157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXTRACTION PURIFICATION OF HEAVY FRACTION OF VISBREAKING GAS OIL BY MIXTURES OF N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE WITH N-METHYLMORPHOLINONE-3 AND LIGHT FRACTION OF N,N – DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE","authors":"A. V. Kameshkov, A. A. Gaile, Maria Ahmad, P. Y. Bashmakov, Anastasia V. Gazzaeva","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-65-91-16-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-65-91-16-22","url":null,"abstract":"The results of extraction purification of visbreaking gas oil by Kirishinefteorgsintez LLC, divided into a light fraction of 204-264oC and a heavy fraction of 257-343oC by vacuum distillation, are presented. By four–stage countercurrent extraction of the light fraction with N, N - dimethylformamide at a mass ratio of 1.5:1 to raw materials and a temperature of 40 °C, the sulfur content was reduced from 1.911% by weight to 0.240% by weight in the raffinate. The results of a single-stage extraction of the heavy fraction of visbreaking gas oil with the sulfur content of 2.406% by weight are presented. The extraction was performed by mixtures of N, N – dimethylformamide with N – methylmorpholinone – 3 of the composition 50/50% by weight with mass ratios to raw materials of 0.5:1, 0.6:1 and 0.75:1. The extraction was also performed by mixtures of these solvents with the content of N – methylmorpholinone – 3 in the mixed extractant of 30 and 70% by weight and the mass ratio to raw materials 0.6:1. The results of two–stage extraction purification in cross–current with a mixture of N, N – dimethylformamide – N - methylmorpholinone - 3 of the composition 50/50% by weight with a mass ratio to the heavy fraction of 0.6:1 are presented. By four–stage countercurrent extraction purification with the mixed extractant containing N – methylmorpholinone - 3 30% by weight at a mass ratio of 1.5:1 to raw materials and a temperature of 40 oC, the raffinate was obtained with a yield of 51.6% by weight with the sulfur content of 0.952% by weight. During the process the degrees of extraction were, % by weight: organosulfur components – 79.6, nitrogen–containing compounds – 93.4, polyaromatic hydrocarbons – 88.6 and alkenes – 60.9. By mixing the extracted refined products, marine fuel can be obtained that meets the requirements for sulfur content - no more than 0.5% by weight","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75498872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ELASTIC IGNITION CORDS BASED ON FLUOROELASTOMERS","authors":"Mikhail V. Ageev, Polina O. Bespalova, Valery N. Egorov, Boris D. Pavlov, Aleksey D. Shubin","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-26-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-26-30","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the issue of providing a reliable distant transmission of a fire impulse.. The core mixtures for elastic ignition cords based on fluoroelastomers were developed, the thermochemical properties of the obtained compositions were investigated as well as their rheological properties and factors affecting the burning rate, strength and elasticity of the cords. The influence of fluoroelastomer content in the mixtures on the above factors was considered.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90237298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXTRACTION PURIFICATION OF HEAVY DELAYED COKING GAS OIL USING THE N-METHYLPYRROLIDONE – HEPTANE SYSTEM","authors":"A. V. Kameshkov, A. A. Gaile, Maria Ahmad, Vladislav S. Karnaukh, Danil S. Akamov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-13-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-64-90-13-17","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the extraction purification of heavy delayed coking gas oil with mass ratios of N-methylpyrrolidone with 2 % mas water to raw materials as 0.5 : 1, 0.75 : 1, 1 : 1, and in the presence of heptane at mass ratio to raw materials as 0.3 : 1 and temperature of 40 оC. It was found that the introduction of heptane into the extraction system with N-methylpyrrolidone leads to an increase in the yield of raffinate due to an increase in the selectivity of the release of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. However, due to the presence in the gas oil of delayed coking of sulfur compounds of not only aromatic nature, but also saturated thiacyclanes and dialkylsulfides forming systems close to ideal with heptane, the efficiency of gas oil desulfurization decreases.","PeriodicalId":9467,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University)","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90534337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}