Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club最新文献

{"title":"Atlas of the Orchids of Long Island, New York","authors":"E. Lamont","doi":"10.2307/2996073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wood Anatomy of Plumbaginaceae","authors":"S. Carlquist, Colby J. Boggs","doi":"10.2307/2996071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"9 1","pages":"135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ecology of sedges (Cyperaceae) in Maine peatlands\" 2","authors":"Dennis S. Anderson, R. B. Davis, S. C. Rooney, C. Campbell, S. C. Rooney, C. Campbell","doi":"10.2307/2996067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996067","url":null,"abstract":"ANDERSON, D. S., R. B. DAVIS, S. C. ROONEY, AND C. S. CAMPBELL. (Department of Plant Biology and Pathology University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5722). The ecology of sedges (Cyperaceae) in Maine peatlands. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123: 100-110. 1996.-Sedges (Cyperaceae) are the most important family of vascular plants in terms of species richness on Maine peatlands. Carex has more species than any other genus including Sphagnum in these peatlands. Optima (abundance weighted means) and tolerances (abundance weighted standard deviations) of pH, Ca, and shade are given for the 21 most frequently occurring sedge species. These species are also characterized in terms of habitat (vegetation type). Most of the species occur in the open, but a few (e.g., Carex trisperma) are most abundant in wooded habitats. Eriophorum species characterize bog and poor fen habitats. The rarest peatland sedges are all calciphiles. Canonical correspondence analysis with forward selection entered shade, pH, Al, a climate factor, K, Ca, Fe, and Mg as the minimum number of variables which best account for the species distributions. Sedge distributions within this region are determined primarily by gradients of shade and alkalinity/base cations. A comparison with other studies from boreal North American peatlands reveals that ecological requirements can differ across a sedge species' range.","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competitive effects of Centaurea maculosa on the population dynamics of Arabis fecunda1","authors":"P. Lesica, J. Shelly, J. Shelly","doi":"10.2307/2996068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996068","url":null,"abstract":"plots for two years at one site and four years at the other. We analyzed differences between treatment and control in recruitment, survival, individual growth and fecundity separately. Estimates of equilibrium population growth (X) were obtained from matrix projection models to evaluate the overall competitive effects of C. maculosa on A. fecunda. Over the course of the study X was significantly higher in treatment plots compared to controls, indicating that C. maculosa had a negative effect on A. fecunda populations. Recruitment was significantly higher in treatment plots during the first two years of the study. Survival, growth and fecundity did not differ between treatment and control. These results indicate that the main effect of removing C. maculosa on populations of A. fecunda was enhanced recruitment resulting from increased seedling establishment. Competitive effects of C. maculosa on A. fecunda varied between sites and among years, indicating that long-term studies are required to fully understand the effects of competition on population dynamics.","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The linear relation between stand yield and integrated light in a shade-adapted annual grass'","authors":"L. S. Barden","doi":"10.2307/2996069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996069","url":null,"abstract":"BARDEN, L. S. (Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223). The linear relation between stand yield and integrated light in a shade-adapted annual grass. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123: 122-125. 1996.-Many ecology textbooks state that the photosynthetic response of plants to varying light is represented by the response of single leaves, which is a downward concave curve that often reaches saturation. Single leaves of the shade-adapted, annual grass, Microstegium vimineum (Trinius) A. Camus, saturate at 25% full sunlight. However, two field experiments showed that stand dry weight yield at the end of the growing season was a linear function of integrated light, rather than a downward concave saturation-type curve. The linear relation for M. vimineum stands concurs with results of several agricultural studies and may have implications for forest growth models that assume saturation-type response curves for whole trees or forest canopies.","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The distribution and status of species of Vincetoxicum in eastern North America","authors":"S. Sheeley, D. Raynal","doi":"10.2307/2996072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996072","url":null,"abstract":"SHEELEY, S. C. AND D. J. RAYNAL (College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY 13210). The distribution and status of Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Moench, V. rossicum (Kleo.) Barb. and V. hirundinaria Medik. in eastern North America Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123:148-156. 1996.Vincetoxicum nigrum (L.) Pers., (Kleo.) Barb., V. rossicum and V. hirundinaria Medik. (Asclepiadaceae) are exotic twining perennial herbs found in eastern North America. The nomenclatural status as well as the historical and current distribution of these plants were surveyed by studying floristic manuals of flora and journal literature and by examining herbarium specimens, and corresponding with authorities familiar with the species. Vincetoxicum rossicum is the most invasive of the species, often forming large colonies; it occurs from the northeastern Atlantic coast W to S Michigan and from S. Ontario to s. Pennsylvania. Vincetoxicum nigrum and V. hirduninaria appear less aggressive and have more limited patterns of distribution. Vincetoxicum nigrum occurs from the northeastern Atlantic Coast west to Missouri and Kansas and from southern Ontario to southern Pennsylvania. Vincetoxicum hirundinaria is found in southern Ontario, New York and Pennsylvania. Vincetoxicum species may persist for decades after establishment, spreading vegetatively and by means of polyembronic seeds.","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"148-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian Vegetation, Second Edition.","authors":"S. Handel, R. Groves, R. Hill","doi":"10.2307/2996076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996076","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68403016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial variability of radial growth in the forest-tundra ecotone of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado","authors":"A. Hessl, P. Weisberg, W. Baker","doi":"10.2307/2996796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996796","url":null,"abstract":"HESSL, A. E., P. J. WEISBERG3 AND W L. BAKER (Department of Geography and Recreation, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071). Spatial variability of radial growth in the forest-tundra ecotone of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Bull. Torrey ecotone of Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 123: 206-212. 1996.-Radial growth in trees has often been used to measure the relationship between climate and tree growth. Variation in radial growth with respect to environmental variables may indicate how trees in diverse landscapes may respond to climate change. The purpose of this study is to determine whether radial growth is spatially heterogeneous throughout the forest-tundra ecotone of Rocky Mountain National Park and whether this spatial variability can be related to environmental variables. Increment cores were taken from 5-10 of the largest trees in 59 sampling locations distributed across the forest-tundra ecotone of Rocky Mountain National Park. Mean annual ring width for 1978-1987 was measured in the laboratory. Stepwise weighted least squares linear regression was used to relate mean annual growth to 25 environmental variables measured at each sampling location. Mean radial growth is higher at sampling locations with higher soil pH values and where there is small rock material but varies with zone and associated shrub species. When all statistically significant variables are considered, radial growth is slowest in the krummholz zone, intermediate in the patch forest zone, and fastest in the closed forest zone. Within each zone, the presence of Juniperus communis indicates slow radial growth, Vaccinium spp. indicate intermediate radial growth, and Salix spp. indicate rapid radial growth. These results differ from previous studies of vertical seedling leader growth in the FTE, which found higher rates of growth in the krummholz zone. Differing rates of radial and vertical growth may reflect different settings or different responses, though both may indicate tree \"success.\"","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"206-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996796","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68411268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascular Plants of Russia and Adjacent States (The Former USSR).","authors":"L. Struwe, S. Czerepanov","doi":"10.2307/2996309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68405129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variation in natural populations of the large cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. (Ericaceae)'","authors":"L. Bruederle, Michael S. Hugan, Jennifer M. Dignan, N. Vorsa, N. Vorsa","doi":"10.2307/2996305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2996305","url":null,"abstract":"1816, the large cranberry has become a regionally important small fruit crop in the United States. In order to assess genetic variation in naturally occurring populations of the large cranberry, sampling was conducted at ten sites distributed from Wisconsin east to Massachusetts, and south to Delaware. Starch gel electrophoresis and substrate-specific staining techniques were used to resolve 23 putative Mendelian loci. Population data collected as individual genotypes were analyzed, generating measures of population structure and genetic diversity. All populations were found to exhibit low levels of genetic variation, e.g., expected heterozygosity (Hexp 0.00 + 0.002-0.057 + 0.030). Relative to other plant species, total genetic diversity was extremely low (H, 0.048) with the majority of all genetic variation due to differences among individuals within populations. This genetic homogeneity was corroborated by Nei's (1978) genetic identity which ranged from 0.977 to one. Recent events in the evolutionary history of this taxon are proposed to have played an important role in determining population genetic structure in this species.","PeriodicalId":9453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club","volume":"123 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/2996305","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68405562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}