Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America最新文献_第10页

Contrasting T-Phase and P-Wave Patterns from the 2015 and 2017 Eruptions of the Submarine Volcano Kick-‘em-Jenny: Influence of Cardinal Direction on Recorded First Phase Arrival 2015年和2017年海底火山Kick- em-Jenny喷发的t相和p波模式对比:基数方向对记录的第一相到达的影响

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-05-12 DOI: 10.1785/0120220101

J. Latchman, F. Dondin, R. Robertson, R. Stewart, Paddy Smith, L. Lynch, C. Ramsingh, N. Nisha, H. Ramsingh, Ian Juman, S. Edwards, C. Ash

{"title":"Contrasting T-Phase and P-Wave Patterns from the 2015 and 2017 Eruptions of the Submarine Volcano Kick-‘em-Jenny: Influence of Cardinal Direction on Recorded First Phase Arrival","authors":"J. Latchman, F. Dondin, R. Robertson, R. Stewart, Paddy Smith, L. Lynch, C. Ramsingh, N. Nisha, H. Ramsingh, Ian Juman, S. Edwards, C. Ash","doi":"10.1785/0120220101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220101","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Kick-‘em-Jenny (KeJ)—the most active volcano in the Lesser Antilles and located about 8 km north of Grenada—is the only known, live submarine volcano in the region. Unrest and eruption episodes are approximately decadal. Typically, a KeJ episode, which may consist of several eruptions, is short-lived and rapidly returns to quiescence, with virtually no background seismicity. Although two previous eruptions broke the surface of the sea, and some have had seismic effects felt in northern Grenada and sometimes Martinique, instrumental recordings of T phases were considered to provide firm evidence of eruptions. T phases are hydroacoustic waves that propagate efficiently in the Sound Fixing and Ranging channel allowing long-range recording. The most recent episodes occurred on 29 April 2017 and 23, 24 July 2015, with no reported surface evidence. The 2015 hr-long seismic signals, among the longest durations ever recorded, manifested differences in the first phase arrivals at some of the same recording stations suggesting a fundamental difference in T-phase wave trains’ generation at KeJ. The single eruption in the 2017 volcanic episode had a duration similar to those prior to the 2015 eruptions; however, except for the four stations in the immediate vicinity of KeJ, the detected signals propagated only as T waves. Real-time and posteruption deductions that the episodes occurred from different cardinal directions on the volcano were found to be supported by the findings from bathymetric analyses done shortly after the episodes. This characteristic enhances the KeJ profile, possibly improving real-time activity assessments in future KeJ episodes, with a view to strengthening hazard and risk communication.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"202 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76108454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Afterslip on Conjugate Faults of the 2020 Mw 6.3 Nima Earthquake in the Central Tibetan Plateau: Evidence from InSAR Measurements 青藏高原中部2020 Mw 6.3尼玛地震共轭断层的余震:来自InSAR测量的证据

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.1785/0120220247

Shunying Hong, Mian Liu, Xin Zhou, Guojie Meng, Yanfang Dong

{"title":"Afterslip on Conjugate Faults of the 2020 Mw 6.3 Nima Earthquake in the Central Tibetan Plateau: Evidence from InSAR Measurements","authors":"Shunying Hong, Mian Liu, Xin Zhou, Guojie Meng, Yanfang Dong","doi":"10.1785/0120220247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220247","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Afterslip could help to reveal seismogenic fault structure. The 2020 Mw 6.3 Nima earthquake happened in a pull-apart basin within the Qiangtang block, central Tibetan plateau. Previous studies have explained the coseismic and early (<6 mo) postseismic deformation by rupture and afterslip on a normal fault bounding the western side of the basin. Here, we resolved the 19-month Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar-measured sequences of postseismic displacements that revealed a second postseismic displacement center ~12 km to the east of the main fault. Fitting the postseismic displacement requires afterslip on both the main fault and an antithetic fault that probably forms a y-shaped pair of conjugate faults in a negative flower structure. Stress-driven afterslip models suggest that the required afterslip on the antithetic fault could be triggered by coseismic rupture of the main fault or by a simultaneous rupture on the antithetic fault. The afterslip on both faults occurred mainly up-dip to the coseismic slip and has released moment ~15%–19% of that by the coseismic rupture. These results provide insights into active extension in the central Tibetan plateau and highlight the complex nature of fault rupture and afterslip.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87514821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fundamental Investigations of Propagation through the Land–Air–Water Interface in a Controlled Littoral Environment 受控沿海环境中陆地-空气-水界面传播的基础研究

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1785/0120220221

M. Swearingen, O. Taylor, Alanna P. Lester, Abigail Stehno, M. White, C. Woodley, Aaron C. Urbanczyk, Mihan H. M. Taylor

{"title":"Fundamental Investigations of Propagation through the Land–Air–Water Interface in a Controlled Littoral Environment","authors":"M. Swearingen, O. Taylor, Alanna P. Lester, Abigail Stehno, M. White, C. Woodley, Aaron C. Urbanczyk, Mihan H. M. Taylor","doi":"10.1785/0120220221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220221","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Interpreting signals from mechanical waves that cross material media boundaries is challenging due to the historical development of instrumentation suitable to study waves in each distinct medium, leading to discrepancies in boundary and adjacent media descriptions and governing physics related to each media. Nowhere is this more significant than in littoral zones at the convergence of land–air–water (LAW) domains. In short, a comprehensive physics framework does not exist that can accurately predict how waveforms freely traverse these media boundaries resulting in a critical fundamental science knowledge gap that can correlate received waveforms to actual source generators. Furthermore, the preponderance of research has treated media boundaries as lossy reflectors rather than poor transmitters, resulting in a rudimentary understanding of wave transformation over subsurface inhomogeneities and boundaries. This article details the experimental component of a new transdisciplinary effort to characterize the full LAW wavefield within a littoral zone to overcome the mixed media challenges. The fusion of disciplines, including air and underwater acoustics, geophysics, and hydrology, aims to develop a full-wavefield description of coupled media in the environment. Beginning with a simplified scenario, the experimental design accommodates for measurements of wave transmission across land–water, air–water, and land–air boundaries in a controlled, constructed, and prototypical littoral zone. This article reviews the test site design, construction, and preliminary experimental results. The challenges of designing and implementing an experiment that explicitly observes signal propagation across the media boundaries without distorting the boundaries and includes sources and sensors in all three environments are discussed.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80641066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Explosive Yield Estimation Using Regional Seismic Moment Tensors 基于区域地震矩张量的炸药当量估计

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1785/0120220234

S. Ford, M. Pasyanos, A. Chiang

{"title":"Explosive Yield Estimation Using Regional Seismic Moment Tensors","authors":"S. Ford, M. Pasyanos, A. Chiang","doi":"10.1785/0120220234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220234","url":null,"abstract":"We use the Pasyanos and Chiang (2022) data set to calculate the seismic moment M0 for each explosion and use the measured explosive yield W to validate the W∼M0 relationship in Denny and Johnson (1991; hereafter, DJ91). The M0 is corrected by transforming to a potency tensor and applying more appropriate near-source geophysical parameter values in the moment estimate. The mean residual between observed and predicted yield is near zero; however, the standard deviation of the residuals results in an F-value (a 95% confidence factor) of about 5. We re-estimate the coefficients in the DJ91 model and find similar values and only a slight improvement in the F-value. Next, we embark on a similar model selection process as DJ91, allowing for non-cube-root yield scaling and other plausible near-source elastic moduli. As was found by DJ91, the yield dependence is not significantly different from unity, and a cube root assumption is valid. Therefore, we yield scale the seismic moment and test the significance of all plausible explanatory variables. Isotropic moment performs better in the response variable than total moment. The preference for isotropic moment could be due to its relationship to volume change, which would be more directly affected by explosive yield. Surprisingly, we find that the overburden pressure, which is a function of depth, is not a significant parameter in the model. We hypothesize that this is due to the competing depth effects on source asymmetry and the incorporation of depth in the Green’s functions used to calculate the seismic moment tensors. Importantly, this emphasizes that only seismic moment tensor-derived moments should be used in these models. After removing insignificant model parameters, we are left with a simple model to predict explosive yield W^ in kt from isotropic moment MI in N·m, W^=κ−1.4132 100.035626GPMI, in which κ and GP are the near-source bulk modulus and gas porosity in Pa and %, respectively. The F-value for this model is approximately 3.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74345658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydroacoustic Study of a Seismic Swarm in 2016–2017 near the Melville Transform Fault on the Southwest Indian Ridge 2016-2017年印度西南脊梅尔维尔变换断层附近地震群的水声研究

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1785/0120220213

V. Ingale, S. Bazin, J. Olive, A. Briais, J. Royer

{"title":"Hydroacoustic Study of a Seismic Swarm in 2016–2017 near the Melville Transform Fault on the Southwest Indian Ridge","authors":"V. Ingale, S. Bazin, J. Olive, A. Briais, J. Royer","doi":"10.1785/0120220213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220213","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Hydroacoustic monitoring has become particularly efficient for studying the low-magnitude seismicity occurring at mid-ocean ridges. In 2016–2017, a seismic swarm occurred near the Melville transform fault of the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge in the Indian Ocean. It comprised 258 events in the land-based International Seismological Centre catalog, extending from June 2016 to March 2017. We examined this seismicity using hydroacoustic records from three to nine hydrophones moored in the southern Indian Ocean from the Hydroacoustic Observatory of Seismicity and Biodiversity in the Indian Ocean (OHASISBIO) temporary network and the International Monitoring System of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization. We detected 27,624 hydroacoustic events spanning 298 days (1 June 2016–25 March 2017) with lower localization and origin time errors. These include several energetic, short-duration impulsive events, which we interpret as due to lava–water interactions on the seafloor. The spatio-temporal distribution of all the detected events does not show clear tectonic mainshock–aftershock sequences and suggests a magmatic origin of the swarm with bursts of seismicity likely caused by dike emplacements.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78502161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effect of Style of Faulting on the Orientation of Maximum Horizontal Earthquake Response Spectra 断层类型对最大水平地震反应谱方向的影响

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1785/0120230001

A. Poulos, E. Miranda

{"title":"Effect of Style of Faulting on the Orientation of Maximum Horizontal Earthquake Response Spectra","authors":"A. Poulos, E. Miranda","doi":"10.1785/0120230001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120230001","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Horizontal earthquake ground motions have intensities that vary with changes in orientation, that is, they depend on the azimuth. Previous studies have found that the maximum horizontal spectral acceleration at mid-to-long periods is more likely to be closer to the strike-normal orientation than to the strike-parallel orientation for ground motions recorded very close to earthquake ruptures. However, this trend disappears relatively quickly as the distance to the rupture increases and becomes almost nonexistent for rupture distances longer than 5 km. Using a database of ground motions from shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regimes, this work studies the orientation of maximum horizontal spectral acceleration of ground motions from earthquakes with strike slip and reverse faulting. For strike-slip earthquakes, these orientations of maximum intensity are found to be close to the transverse orientation, that is, an orientation that is perpendicular to the line segment between the recording station and the earthquake epicenter. Contrary to what occurs with respect to the previously studied strike-normal orientation, the orientation of maximum spectral response remains close to the transverse orientation regardless of source-to-site distance. Moreover, on average, the orientations of maximum spectral response tend to become closer to the transverse orientation as the period increases. On the other hand, ground motions from reverse earthquakes do not show any trend in the orientation of maximum spectral response relative to the transverse orientation. Probability distributions of the angular difference between the orientation of maximum spectral response and the transverse orientation for strike-slip earthquakes were fitted at several periods between 0.01 and 10 s. These directionality effects from strike-slip earthquakes could be considered in future seismic hazard analyses.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82040757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Remote Characterization of the 12 January 2020 Eruption of Taal Volcano, Philippines, Using Seismo-Acoustic, Volcanic Lightning, and Satellite Observations 利用地震声、火山闪电和卫星观测对2020年1月12日菲律宾塔尔火山喷发的远程表征

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.1785/0120220223

A. Perttu, J. Assink, A. V. Van Eaton, C. Caudron, C. Vagasky, Janine Krippner, Kathleen F. McKee, S. De Angelis, B. Perttu, B. Taisne, G. Lube

{"title":"Remote Characterization of the 12 January 2020 Eruption of Taal Volcano, Philippines, Using Seismo-Acoustic, Volcanic Lightning, and Satellite Observations","authors":"A. Perttu, J. Assink, A. V. Van Eaton, C. Caudron, C. Vagasky, Janine Krippner, Kathleen F. McKee, S. De Angelis, B. Perttu, B. Taisne, G. Lube","doi":"10.1785/0120220223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220223","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 On 12 January 2020, an eruption began on the shores of the Main Crater Lake (MCL) of Taal Volcano—a caldera system on the southern end of Luzon Island in the Philippines. Taal, one of the most active volcanoes in the Philippines, is located 30 km south of Manila—a major metropolitan area with a population of 13.5 million people. Eruptive activity intensified throughout the day on 12 January, producing prolific volcanic lightning, ashfall, and a sustained plume that reached 16–17 km altitude. The chronology of events was well documented by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology and the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center. The wealth of data collected during the eruption provides a unique opportunity to investigate how the combination of different remote sensing methods may complement local observations and monitoring. Remote systems tend to provide lower resolution data but are also less likely to be compromised by the eruptive activity, thus providing continuous records of eruptive processes. Here, we present a postevent analysis of the 12 January activity, including data from long-range lightning, infrasound, and seismic arrays located at distances up to several thousands of kilometers from the volcano. By combining these datasets, we distinguish five phases of activity and infer a major shift in eruption behavior around 12:00 on 12 January (UTC). The remote observations suggest that the most of the water within the MCL (∼42 million m3) was vaporized and incorporated into the volcanic plume within the first 12 hr of the eruption.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79391950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Evaluation of Station Timing Errors from Demeaned Arrival Time Delays 降低到达时间延迟对车站授时误差的评估

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1785/0120220227

G. Daniel, P. Arroucau

{"title":"Evaluation of Station Timing Errors from Demeaned Arrival Time Delays","authors":"G. Daniel, P. Arroucau","doi":"10.1785/0120220227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220227","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We present an analytical solution for the evaluation of timing errors at seismological stations. The method makes use of differential P- and S-wave arrival time measurements demeaned over a network that recorded a set of densely located seismic events. In this configuration, one can assume coincident P and S ray paths between sources and receivers, and cancel out dependencies associated with absolute event origin times, event locations, and P- or S-wave velocities in the problem. Relative timing errors can be obtained by linear inversion, using only a limited amount of input data: differential P- and S-wave arrival times, and a local VP/VS ratio. By setting at least one reference station in the network, supposed to be devoid of any timing error, one can retrieve reliable timing errors for other stations. We validate the approach against synthetic and real data. We also analyze the sensitivity of results on errors in the input data. Although picking uncertainties do affect the variability of estimates, we also identified a significant bias when an incorrect VP/VS ratio is used. However, this bias can be reduced if one uses the optimal VP/VS value that minimizes the root mean square of travel-time residuals. Application of the method to a collection of manually picked arrival times for the 2002–2003 Tricastin, France, earthquake, swarm allowed us to identify nonstationary timing errors from tenth to tens of seconds during the monitoring campaign.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90594647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geomechanical Modeling of Ground Surface Deformation Associated with Thrust and Reverse-Fault Earthquakes: A Distinct Element Approach 与逆断层和逆断层地震相关的地表变形的地质力学模拟:一种独特元素方法

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1785/0120220264

Kristen Chiama, Benjamin Chauvin, A. Plesch, R. Moss, J. Shaw

{"title":"Geomechanical Modeling of Ground Surface Deformation Associated with Thrust and Reverse-Fault Earthquakes: A Distinct Element Approach","authors":"Kristen Chiama, Benjamin Chauvin, A. Plesch, R. Moss, J. Shaw","doi":"10.1785/0120220264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220264","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We seek to improve our understanding of the physical processes that control the style, distribution, and intensity of ground surface ruptures on thrust and reverse faults during large earthquakes. Our study combines insights from coseismic ground surface ruptures in historic earthquakes and patterns of deformation in analog sandbox fault experiments to inform the development of a suite of geomechanical models based on the distinct element method (DEM). We explore how model parameters related to fault geometry and sediment properties control ground deformation characteristics such as scarp height, width, dip, and patterns of secondary folding and fracturing. DEM is well suited to this investigation because it can effectively model the geologic processes of faulting at depth in cohesive rocks, as well as the granular mechanics of soil and sediment deformation in the shallow subsurface. Our results show that localized fault scarps are most prominent in cases with strong sediment on steeply dipping faults, whereas broader deformation is prominent in weaker sediment on shallowly dipping faults. Based on insights from 45 experiments, the key parameters that influence scarp morphology include the amount of accumulated slip on a fault, the fault dip, and the sediment strength. We propose a fault scarp classification system that describes the general patterns of surface deformation observed in natural settings and reproduced in our models, including monoclinal, pressure ridge, and simple scarps. Each fault scarp type is often modified by hanging-wall collapse. These results can help to guide both deterministic and probabilistic assessment in fault displacement hazard analysis.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81537969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fault Damage Zone Effects on Ground Motions during the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake 断层破坏带对2019年加利福尼亚州里脊峰7.1级地震期间地面运动的影响

IF 3 3区地球科学

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1785/0120220249

T. Yeh, K. Olsen

{"title":"Fault Damage Zone Effects on Ground Motions during the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake","authors":"T. Yeh, K. Olsen","doi":"10.1785/0120220249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1785/0120220249","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We have simulated 0–3 Hz deterministic wave propagation in the Southern California Earthquake Center Community Velocity Model (CVM) version CVM-S4.26-M01 for the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake. A data-constrained high-resolution fault zone model (Zhou et al., 2022) is incorporated into the CVM to investigate the effects of the near-fault low-velocity zone (LVZ) on the resulting ground motions, constrained by strong-motion data recorded at 161 stations. The finite-fault source used for the simulation of the Ridgecrest event was obtained from the Liu et al. (2019) kinematic inversion, enriched by noise following a von Karman correlation function above ∼1 Hz with a f−2 high-frequency decay. Our results show that the heterogeneous near-fault LVZ inherent to the fault zone structure significantly perturbs the predicted wave field in the near-source region, in particular by more accurately generating Love waves at its boundaries. The fault zone decreases the 0.1–0.5 Hz mean absolute Fourier amplitude spectrum bias to seismic recordings for all sites in the model and in the Los Angeles basin area (∼200 km from the source) by 16% and 26%, respectively. The fault zone structure generally improves modeling of the long-period features in the data and lengthens the coda-wave trains, in better agreement with observations. The favorable fit to data was obtained with a model including high-resolution surface topography, a 700-m-thick geotechnical layer and frequency-dependent anelastic attenuation in the model domain, with QS=0.1VS and QS(f)=0.1VSf0.5 (VS in m/s) for frequencies lower and higher than 1 Hz, respectively. We recommend that a data-constrained fault zone velocity structure, where available, be included in ground-motion modeling to obtain the least-biased fit to observed seismic data.","PeriodicalId":9444,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77227833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1