Microbiome research reports最新文献

{"title":"<i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> CCFM1376 improves hypercholesterolemia in mice by regulating the composition of bile acids.","authors":"Kexue Chen, Danting Dang, Huizhen Li, R Paul Ross, Catherine Stanton, Wei Chen, Bo Yang","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2024.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Strains with high bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity have the potential to regulate cholesterol metabolism. This study aimed to assess the alleviating effect of <i>Lactobacillus johnsonii</i> (<i>L. johnsonii</i>) CCFM1376, a strain with high BSH activity, on mice with hypercholesterolemia and explore the mechanism of its effect through the modulation of bile acid metabolism. <b>Methods:</b> The BSH activity was measured using the ninhydrin method. C57BL/6J mice were given a high-cholesterol diet to induce hypercholesterolemia with simultaneous gavage of <i>L. johnsonii</i> CCFM1376 for 8 weeks. The biochemical parameters in the serum and liver of hypercholesterolemic mice were measured to assess the alleviating effect of <i>L. johnsonii</i> CCFM1376 on hypercholesterolemia. Bile acid content in the mouse liver, serum, distal ileum contents, and feces was determined using liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC-MS). RNA was extracted from mouse ileum and liver, and the expression levels of relative genes implicated in bile acid metabolism were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). <b>Results:</b> Compared to the model group, the group treated with <i>L. johnsonii</i> CCFM1376 exhibited significantly reduced levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), along with a significant increase in high density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C) level. Moreover, hepatic levels of TC and LDL-C in the CCFM1376 group also decreased significantly. Furthermore, the content and amount of unconjugated bile acids in the hepatic-enteric circulation of the <i>L. johnsonii</i> CCFM1376 group significantly increased, and the total bile acid content in the feces also significantly increased. In the <i>L. johnsonii</i> CCFM1376 group, the relative expression levels of ileal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) were downregulated, while the relative expression level of CYP7A1 was upregulated. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results indicated <i>L. johnsonii</i> CCFM1376 improves hypercholesterolemia in mice by regulating the composition of bile acids. This provides a reference for probiotic strategy to regulate cholesterol metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogen exclusion from intestinal mucus and antimicrobial susceptibility of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> spp. strains from fecal donors.","authors":"Aki Ronkainen, Imran Khan, Reetta Satokari","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2024.43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To study the ability of bifidobacterial strains isolated from fecal donors to prevent pathogens from adhering to intestinal mucus, along with their antimicrobial susceptibility. <b>Methods:</b> Pathogen prevention was assessed through an <i>in vitro</i> adhesion assay using immobilized porcine mucus. Subsequently, bifidobacterial RNA-Seq data were analyzed to pinpoint glycoside hydrolases and glycosyltransferases possibly involved in mucus degradation affecting pathogen adhesion. The antimicrobial susceptibility of bifidobacterial strains was evaluated using <i>in vitro</i> susceptibility testing, followed by analysis of whole-genome sequencing data to reveal antimicrobial resistance genes. <b>Results:</b> Bifidobacterial strains inhibited pathogen adhesion to intestinal mucus, with most strains reducing the adhesion levels of pathogens like <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> by at least 70%. None of the strains significantly affected <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, but they moderately reduced the adhesion of <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>. Gene expression analysis indicated that the more effective strains expressed higher levels of glycoside hydrolases, correlating with their pathogen exclusion capabilities. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that most strains were sensitive to several antibiotics, though some exhibited resistance to tobramycin, trimethoprim, and ciprofloxacin. Notably, one strain carried the <i>tetW</i> gene, conferring resistance to tetracycline. <b>Conclusion:</b> The bifidobacterial strains characterized in this study show potential for bacteriotherapeutic applications due to their strong ability to interfere with the adhesion of pathogenic bacteria and their lack of alarming antimicrobial resistance patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profiling the gut and oral microbiota of hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients receiving pembrolizumab and eribulin.","authors":"Nancy My Teng, Andrea Malfettone, Matthew J Dalby, Raymond Kiu, David Seki, Tim Robinson, María Gion, Begoña Bermejo, José Manuel Pérez-García, Aleix Prat, Raúl Márquez Vázquez, Antonio Llombart-Cussac, Giuseppe Curigliano, Peter Schmid, Romualdo Barroso-Sousa, Mario Mancino, Eileen Shimizu, Jose Rodríguez-Morató, Leonardo Mina, Lindsay J Hall, Stephen D Robinson, Javier Cortés","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2024.49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Changes in host-associated microbial communities (i.e., the microbiota) may modulate responses to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. In the KELLY phase II study (NCT03222856), we previously demonstrated that pembrolizumab [anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)] combined with eribulin (plus microtubule-targeting chemotherapy) showed encouraging antitumor activity in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC) who had received prior treatments. <b>Methods:</b> A total of 58 fecal and 67 saliva samples were prospectively collected from a subset of 28 patients at baseline (BL), after three treatment cycles, and end of treatment. Shotgun metagenomics, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and bioinformatics and statistical approaches were used to characterize fecal and oral microbiota profiles. <b>Results:</b> Treatment caused no substantial perturbations in gut or oral microbiota, suggesting minimal drug-related microbial toxicity. <i>Bacteroides</i> and <i>Faecalibacterium</i> were the dominant gut microbiota genera, while <i>Prevotella</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i> were present in both oral and gut samples, highlighting potential gut-oral microbial interactions. Additionally, clinical benefit (CB) appeared to be associated with gut-associated <i>Bacteroides fragilis</i> (<i>B. fragilis</i>) and a BL oral abundance of <i>Streptococcus</i> ≥ 30%. Notably, <i>B. fragilis</i> NCTC 9343 supernatant induced dose-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release from the MCF-7 (HR-positive/HER2-negative) BC cell line. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings suggest that specific gut and oral microbiota may modulate the effectiveness of combinatory anti-BC therapies, potentially through the action of microbial metabolites.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional microbial content of fermented traditional and industrial East Mediterranean sausages from the islands of Cyprus and Mytilini.","authors":"Eleni Kamilari, Catherine Stanton, Dimitrios Tsaltas, R Paul Ross","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2024.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To characterize the microbial biodiversity of fermented sausages from the East Mediterranean islands of Cyprus and Mytilini, and to identify differences between the microbial diversity of traditionally and industrially produced Cypriot sausages. <b>Method:</b> The microbial diversity of thirty sausages from Cyprus and Mytilini (traditionally and industrially produced) was analyzed using high throughput sequencing (HTS) (amplicon sequencing) of 16S rRNA gene and ITS loci fragments. By applying microbial signature detection and machine learning algorithms, we identified key microbes that distinguish traditionally produced sausages from those produced industrially. Focusing on selected microbial taxa and using interaction network analysis, we identified associations among the sausages' microbiota that may affect the shaping of the sausages' microbial consortia. <b>Results:</b> Cypriot and Mytilini sausages indicated increased relative representation of <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Leuconostoc</i>. Cypriot sausages were distinguished by the presence of the fungi <i>Debaryomyces hansenii</i> and <i>Candida spp.</i>, whereas Mytilini sausages by the bacteria <i>Lactococcus</i> and <i>Streptococcus</i>. Traditionally produced sausages from the Pitsilia region of Cyprus were differentiated by the presence of the species <i>Lactobacillus helveticus</i>, whereas industrially produced sausages were differentiated by the species <i>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</i>. Focusing mainly on <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Leuconostoc</i>, negative associations with pathogenic bacteria, such as <i>Salmonella</i>, and spoilage fungi, such as <i>Fusarium poae</i>, were revealed. <b>Conclusion:</b> The present metataxonomic analysis provided insights into the microbial communities that characterize Cypriot and Mytilini sausages. The findings provide an indication that the microbial diversity might be applied as an additional marker of Cypriot sausages' authenticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977371/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compendium of <i>Bifidobacterium</i>-based probiotics: characteristics and therapeutic impact on human diseases.","authors":"Fabiana Bocchio, Leonardo Mancabelli, Christian Milani, Gabriele Andrea Lugli, Chiara Tarracchini, Giulia Longhi, Flora De Conto, Francesca Turroni, Marco Ventura","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2024.52","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human microbiota, a complex community of microorganisms residing in and on the human body, plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing disease. <i>Bifidobacterium</i> species have shown remarkable therapeutic potential across a range of health conditions, thus being considered optimal probiotic bacteria. This review provides insights into the concept of probiotics and explores the impact of bifidobacteria on human health, focusing on the gastrointestinal, respiratory, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems. It also integrates information on the available genetic bases underlying the beneficial effects of each bifidobacterial probiotic species on different aspects of human physiology. Notably, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>-based probiotics have proven effective in managing gastrointestinal conditions such as constipation, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infections. These benefits are achieved by modulating the intestinal microbiota, boosting immune responses, and strengthening the gut barrier. Moreover, <i>Bifidobacterium</i> species have been reported to reduce respiratory infections and asthma severity. Additionally, these probiotic bacteria offer benefits for skeletal and muscular health, as evidenced by <i>Bifidobacterium adolescentis</i> and <i>Bifidobacterium breve</i>, which have shown anti-inflammatory effects and symptom relief in arthritis models, suggesting potential in treating conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, probiotic therapies based on bifidobacterial species have shown promising effects in alleviating anxiety and depression, reducing stress, and enhancing cognitive function. Overall, this review integrates the extensive scientific literature now available that supports the health-promoting applications of probiotic <i>Bifidobacterium</i> species and underscores the need for further research to confirm their clinical efficacy across different body systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A microbial symphony: a literature review of the factors that orchestrate the colonization dynamics of the human colonic microbiome during infancy and implications for future health.","authors":"Edward Horwell, Philip Bearn, Simon M Cutting","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20517/mrr.2024.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the advent of new sequencing and bioinformatic technologies, our understanding of the human microbiome has expanded rapidly over recent years. Numerous studies have indicated causal links between alterations to the microbiome and a range of pathological conditions. Furthermore, a large body of epidemiological data is starting to suggest that exposure, or lack thereof, to specific microbial species during the first five years of life has key implications for long-term health outcomes. These include chronic inflammatory and metabolic conditions such as diabetes, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and obesity, with the effects lasting into adulthood. Human microbial colonisation during these first five years of life is a highly dynamic process, with multiple environmental exposures recently being characterised to have influence before the microbiome stabilises and resembles that of an adult at 3-5 years. This short period of time, known as the window of opportunity, appears to \"prime\" immunoregulation for later life. Understanding and appreciating this aspect of human physiology is therefore crucial for clinicians, scientists, and public health officials. This review outlines the most recent evidence for the pre- and post-natal environments that order the development of the microbiome, how these influences metabolic and immunoregulatory pathways, and their associated health outcomes. It also discusses the limitations of the current knowledge base, and describes the potential microbiome-mediated interventions and public health measures that may have therapeutic potential in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"4 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> CCFM6432 in alleviating depression.","authors":"Peijun Tian, Hongyu Yang, Feng Hang, Gang Wang, Xuhua Mao, Xing Jin, Jianxin Zhao","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.33","DOIUrl":"10.20517/mrr.2024.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> Accumulating evidence highlights the crucial role of the \"gut-brain axis\" and emphasizes the potential of dietary interventions to improve brain health through this pathway. This study assesses the effects of the probiotic <i>Pediococcus acidilactici</i> CCFM6432 on mood, sleep, and gastrointestinal function in patients with depressive disorder. <b>Methods:</b> This clinical trial is a randomized, placebo-controlled study (Registration: ChiCTR2300071025). It enrolled 39 adult patients diagnosed with depressive disorder, who were randomly assigned to either the placebo control group (<i>n</i> = 19) or the CCFM6432 intervention group (<i>n</i> = 20). The intervention period spanned four weeks. Assessments were conducted at both the beginning and end of the trial, including comprehensive questionnaire evaluations and the collection of serum and fecal samples. <b>Results:</b> In comparison to the placebo, treatment with CCFM6432 significantly decreased depression and anxiety scores, as well as ameliorated gastrointestinal dysfunction and poor sleep quality commonly associated with mood disorders. Microbiota analysis revealed an increase in species richness without notable changes in overall diversity, yet <i>Pediococcus</i> species was found to be more abundant post-treatment. Functional analysis indicated reduced activity in the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, suggesting anti-inflammatory effects induced by the probiotic. Metabolomic profiling identified elevated levels of fecal lactic acid, which correlated with lower Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores, thereby linking probiotic metabolism to mood enhancement. <b>Conclusion:</b> These findings imply that CCFM6432 may improve brain function by modulating gut microbiota and their mediated immune homeostasis, underscoring its potential as an adjunctive treatment for mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"3 4","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible application of <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> in stress management.","authors":"Agata Misera, Wojciech Marlicz, Albert Podkówka, Igor Łoniewski, Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2023.81","DOIUrl":"10.20517/mrr.2023.81","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> (<i>A. muciniphila</i>) is a promising candidate bacterium for stress management due to its beneficial effects on the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA). As a well-known mucin-degrading bacterium in the digestive tract, <i>A. muciniphila</i> has demonstrated significant benefits for host physiology. Recent research highlights its potential in treating several neuropsychiatric disorders. Proposed mechanisms of action include the bacterium's outer membrane protein Amuc_1100 and potentially its extracellular vesicles (EVs), which interact with host immune receptors and influence serotonin pathways, which are crucial for emotional regulation. Despite its potential, the administration of probiotics containing <i>A. muciniphila</i> faces technological challenges, prompting the development of pasteurized forms recognized as safe by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). This review systematically examines the existing literature on the role of <i>A. muciniphila</i> in stress management, emphasizing the need for further research to validate its efficacy. The review follows a structured methodology, including comprehensive database searches and thematic data analysis, to provide a detailed understanding of the relationship between stress, microbiota, and <i>A. muciniphila</i> therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"3 4","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The biofunction of <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> in intestinal-related diseases.","authors":"Ping Jiang, Siqi Ji, Dan Su, Yu Zhao, Viriania Berta Esperanca Goncalves, Guifang Xu, Mingming Zhang","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.12","DOIUrl":"10.20517/mrr.2024.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal homeostasis is essential for maintaining human health, and its dysfunction is related to the onset and progression of various diseases, including immune and metabolic disorders, and even tumorigenesis. Intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in intestinal homeostasis, with <i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> (<i>A. muciniphila</i>) emerging as a key commensal bacterium utilizing mucin as its sole carbon and nitrogen source. <i>A. muciniphila</i> has been recognized in both experimental and clinical studies for its beneficial role in managing intestinal inflammation, tumors, functional gastrointestinal disorders, and secondary conditions such as liver and metabolic diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the research history and current understanding of <i>A. muciniphila</i>, its association with various intestinal-related diseases, and the potential mechanisms behind its effects. This paper also explores the possibilities of leveraging the probiotic enzyme such as the active ingredients of <i>A. muciniphila</i> for the innovative clinical treatment of intestinal-related diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"3 4","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic <i>vs</i>. complementary synbiotics: the complexity of discriminating synbiotic concepts using a <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> exemplary study.","authors":"Michiel Kleerebezem, Jori Führen","doi":"10.20517/mrr.2024.48","DOIUrl":"10.20517/mrr.2024.48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synbiotics are defined as \"a mixture comprising live microorganisms and substrate(s) selectively utilized by host microorganisms that confers a health benefit on the host\". The definition discriminates between synergistic and complementary synbiotics. Synergistic synbiotics involve a direct interaction between the substrate and co-administered microbe(s), while complementary synbiotics act through independent mechanisms. Here, we evaluate the complexity of discrimination between these two synbiotic concepts using an exemplary study performed with a panel of <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> (<i>L. plantarum</i>) strains to identify strain-specific synergistic synbiotics that eventually turned out to work via a complementary synbiotic mechanism. This study highlights that assessing the <i>in situ</i> selectivity of synergistic synbiotics in the intestinal tract is challenging due to the confounding effects of the substrate ingredient on the endogenous microbiome, thereby raising doubts about the added value of distinguishing between synergistic and complementary concepts in synbiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":94376,"journal":{"name":"Microbiome research reports","volume":"3 4","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11684985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}