Translational gastroenterology and hepatology最新文献

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Drug treatment strategies for erosive esophagitis in adults: a narrative review. 成人糜烂性食管炎的药物治疗策略:叙述性回顾。
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-23 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-168
Fahmi Shibli, Amir Mari, Ronnie Fass
{"title":"Drug treatment strategies for erosive esophagitis in adults: a narrative review.","authors":"Fahmi Shibli, Amir Mari, Ronnie Fass","doi":"10.21037/tgh-24-168","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-24-168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Erosive esophagitis (EE) is the second most common phenotype of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). While proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are considered the mainstay treatment for healing and maintaining remission of EE, a significant proportion of patients, particularly those with advanced grades, fail to respond adequately. This review provides an updated overview of the current pharmacological treatment options for EE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An extensive electronic literature search was performed using PubMed database to identify relevant articles. The search included prospective clinical trials, observational trials, case-control studies, systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis, and narrative reviews describing pharmacological therapy for adult patients with EE. Articles were limited to English language publications. Search terms encompassed various treatment modalities including PPIs, potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs), histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs), sucralfate, prokinetics, rebamipide and alginates.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Research has shown varying effectiveness across different treatments for EE. While randomized controlled trials found alginates, sucralfate, and histamine-2 receptor antagonists to have limited healing efficacy, PPIs remain the most effective treatment, achieving healing rates of 75-95% after 8 weeks, though symptom resolution reaches about 60-85%. Among PPIs, esomeprazole shows slightly better healing outcomes compared to others. However, PPI effectiveness decreases in advanced EE cases [Los Angeles (LA) grades C/D], with healing rates dropping to 60-70%. More recently, P-CABs have demonstrated promising results, demonstrating healing rates non-inferior to PPIS but superior in patients with advanced EE or PPI-resistent EE. Given that most patients experience relapse upon discontinuation, maintaining PPI or PCAB therapy is crucial for preventing EE recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The future of EE management lies in a more personalized approach that takes into account disease severity, PPI response, and patient preferences. While PPIs remain the mainstay of treatment, P-CABs represent a promising new therapeutic option, particularly for severe and PPI-resistant cases. The addition of nighttime to bedtime H2RAs or use of double PPI dose may benefit refractory cases. Further studies are needed to directly compare PPIs and P-CABs in different EE grades and evaluate the value of adjunctive therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long-term durability of infliximab maintenance therapy incorporating plant-based diet in inflammatory bowel disease. 英夫利昔单抗维持治疗结合植物性饮食治疗炎症性肠病的长期持久性
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-162
Mitsuro Chiba, Tsuyotoshi Tsuji, Kunio Nakane, Satoko Tsuda, Hisanori Matsuzawa, Kae Sugawara, Yuki Izumiya, Kazuya Kimura, Masafumi Komatsu, Haruhiko Tozawa
{"title":"Long-term durability of infliximab maintenance therapy incorporating plant-based diet in inflammatory bowel disease.","authors":"Mitsuro Chiba, Tsuyotoshi Tsuji, Kunio Nakane, Satoko Tsuda, Hisanori Matsuzawa, Kae Sugawara, Yuki Izumiya, Kazuya Kimura, Masafumi Komatsu, Haruhiko Tozawa","doi":"10.21037/tgh-24-162","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-24-162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The new therapeutic modality incorporating a countermeasure against a westernized diet, i.e., a plant-based diet, showed far better outcomes than current standards in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Infliximab is widely used for induction and subsequent scheduled maintenance therapy in patients with IBD. However, the efficacy of infliximab diminishes over time. In the present study, we investigated the durability of scheduled infliximab maintenance therapy incorporating plant-based diet in IBD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective single-group trial at tertiary hospitals. Infliximab maintenance therapy was indicated in patients with severe disease or those who were unresponsive to conventional therapy. Infliximab (5 mg/kg body weight) was infused every 8 weeks on an inpatient basis, and plant-based diet, a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet, was served three- or four-times during hospitalization. Patients were instructed to continue the diet after discharge. Durability was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four patients [16 with Crohn's disease (CD), eight with ulcerative colitis (UC)] were included: median age 27.5 years old, disease duration 53.5 months, and concomitant use of immunosuppressant 21%. Intensification of infliximab was employed in 46% of patients. There was no significant difference in durability rates between CD and UC. Durability rates were 87% at both 5 and 10 years. Plant-based diet score in the median follow-up period of 9.3 years, which indicates adherence to the plant-based diet, was significantly higher than the baseline score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Infliximab maintenance therapy incorporating plant-based diet yielded a high durability rate of 87% at 5 years in patients with IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Higher waist circumference as a risk factor for rebleeding of small bowel angiodysplasia. 高腰围是小肠血管发育不全再出血的危险因素。
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-25-6
Thais Abaurre Haig Santos, Raul Carlos Wahle, Luciane Reis Milani, Milena Arruda de Oliveira Leite, Jaques Waisberg, Paula Bechara Poletti, Fernando Campos Gomes Pinto
{"title":"Higher waist circumference as a risk factor for rebleeding of small bowel angiodysplasia.","authors":"Thais Abaurre Haig Santos, Raul Carlos Wahle, Luciane Reis Milani, Milena Arruda de Oliveira Leite, Jaques Waisberg, Paula Bechara Poletti, Fernando Campos Gomes Pinto","doi":"10.21037/tgh-25-6","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-25-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrent bleeding from small bowel angiodysplasia (SBA) is common, and identifying risk factors for rebleeding can help identify high-risk patients who may benefit from further therapy. The pathophysiology of SBA is linked to an imbalance of angiogenic factors such as angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2), as well as higher serum levels of Ang-2. Additionally, murine models of steatohepatitis showed elevated serum and hepatic Ang-2 levels, which directly promote pathological angiogenesis. The present study aimed to evaluate risk factors for rebleeding in symptomatic patients with SBA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Upon review of the medical records and application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 109 cases were determined to be affected by SBAs. Five patients were ineligible for the study because of a shorter than one-year follow-up period or early use of a specific treatment. Thus, in a retrospective observational study of 104 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding from SBA between 2012 and 2016 who were conservatively managed at the beginning of follow-up, we obtained clinical features and risk factors for rebleeding, and we analyzed potential predictors of rebleeding through univariate and multivariable analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that 57 of 104 patients (54.8%) experienced rebleeding during a follow-up of more than one year. The majority were females (71.2%), and we noted that hypertension (70.2%) and dyslipidemia (43.3%) were the most common comorbidities. Multiple regression analysis indicated that waist circumference (WC) (odds ratio for each 1 cm increment =1.04; 95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.08; P=0.02) was a significant risk factor for rebleeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with symptomatic SBAs, an increase in WC positively correlated with the risk of rebleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anatomical S5 segmentectomy for regional cholangitis due to bile duct injury: versatile applications of indocyanine green (with video). 解剖S5节段切除术治疗胆管损伤引起的局部胆管炎:吲哚菁绿的多种应用(附视频)。
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-156
Martín Huerta, Ryota Tanaka, Takeaki Ishizawa
{"title":"Anatomical S5 segmentectomy for regional cholangitis due to bile duct injury: versatile applications of indocyanine green (with video).","authors":"Martín Huerta, Ryota Tanaka, Takeaki Ishizawa","doi":"10.21037/tgh-24-156","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-24-156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iatrogenic bile duct injury (BDI) is a serious complication that affects patients' quality of life and survival. Surgical resection of the hepatic segment affected has been reported. We describe a case of anatomical resection of segment 5 (S5) using multiple applications of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging. A 46-year-old female with BDI during laparoscopic cholecystectomy performed in 2010 was referred to Osaka Metropolitan University Hospital due to recurrent cholangitis. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) identified stumps on bile duct draining segment 5 (B5s), significantly dilated, suggestive of sclerosing cholangitis. Drainage of B5s was not feasible via endoscopic approach and surgical resection of S5 was indicated. ICG (0.5 mg/kg) was administered 3 days prior to surgery [indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes (ICGR15): 3.6%]. After an inverted L-shaped incision, atrophic regions of S5 were identified by naked-eye examination and more clearly by near-infrared imaging. Intraoperative ultrasound also identified biliary dilatations in non-fluorescing regions of S5, which suggested abnormal biliary drainage surrounding the atrophic area. In order to remove whole responsible legions causing cholangitis, we decided to indicate anatomic resection of S5 with the use of positive staining technique. The medial and the cranial branch of S5 portal vein (P5) were punctured and stained (0.25 mg ICG mixed with indigo-carmine). Fluorescence imaging delineated S5, including the atrophic area. Hepatic parenchyma was transected using the clamp-crash method under Pringle maneuver. The two major branches of P5 stained previously were identified and ligated. Finally, the root of the dilated hepatic ducts with complete obstruction were identified and divided, 1 cm distal to metal clips. Fluorescence imaging was used to confirm the removal of all stained regions. Then, ICG (1.25 mg) was administered to confirm blood perfusion of the remaining hepatic parenchyma. No bile leaks were identified by naked-eye examination or fluorescence imaging. Postoperative course was uneventful and patient was discharged on day 8. This technique underscores the multifaceted applications of indocyanine green in liver surgery, from preoperative planning and intraoperative guidance to postoperative assessment, thereby enhancing the safety and efficacy of hepatic resections.</p>","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dosing matters: DESTINY-CRC02 and the evolving treatment paradigm for HER2 positive colorectal cancer. 剂量问题:destiny - crco2和HER2阳性结直肠癌的不断发展的治疗模式
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-16 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-25-7
Lindsay M Hannan, Olatunji B Alese
{"title":"Dosing matters: DESTINY-CRC02 and the evolving treatment paradigm for HER2 positive colorectal cancer.","authors":"Lindsay M Hannan, Olatunji B Alese","doi":"10.21037/tgh-25-7","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-25-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cost-effectiveness analysis of oral antiviral therapy in patients with indeterminate chronic hepatitis B infection. 不确定慢性乙型肝炎感染患者口服抗病毒治疗的成本-效果分析。
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-14 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-163
Hai-Yan Zhuo, Yong Lin, Hui-Wen Song, Mei-Zhu Hong, Lv-Feng Yao, Jin-Shui Pan
{"title":"Cost-effectiveness analysis of oral antiviral therapy in patients with indeterminate chronic hepatitis B infection.","authors":"Hai-Yan Zhuo, Yong Lin, Hui-Wen Song, Mei-Zhu Hong, Lv-Feng Yao, Jin-Shui Pan","doi":"10.21037/tgh-24-163","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-24-163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Compared to patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the immune tolerance phase, those in the indeterminate phase (IP) tend to have a higher proportion of liver inflammation and fibrosis, and they usually progress more rapidly to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, no definitive conclusion has been reached regarding the necessity of antiviral therapy (AVT) for patients in the IP. The present study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of oral antiviral treatment in CHB patients who are in the IP [indeterminate phase-chronic hepatitis B (IP-CHB)] from a healthcare system perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cost and effectiveness, measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), were compared in a virtual cohort of 100,000 CHB patients in the IP receiving AVT (scenario I) <i>vs.</i> no treatment (scenario II). A Markov model was used to simulate seven health states related to CHB progression. Transition probabilities and cost data were primarily sourced from published studies. One-way deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 50 years, AVT provided an additional 1.4541 QALYs per patient, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $253.51 per QALY. In a cohort of 100,000 patients, scenario I reduced the incidence of compensated cirrhosis by 11,581 cases, decompensated cirrhosis by 15,436 cases, orthotopic liver transplantation by 718 cases, and HCC by 15,112 cases, while preventing 28,923 deaths, saving over 30% more lives compared to scenario II. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of our findings, with progression to decompensated cirrhosis being the most influential factor. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated a 100% probability of cost-effectiveness at a willingness-to-pay threshold of one time China's per capita gross domestic product (GDP) in 2023 ($12,690.1).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Oral AVT for IP-CHB is highly cost-effective and significantly reduces the global burden of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related diseases and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Minimally invasive techniques versus opioids in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. 微创技术与阿片类药物治疗不可切除胰腺癌:随机对照试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-09 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-141
Ioana-Irina Rezuș, Anett Rancz, Ioana Creangă-Murariu, Oghosa Clinton Ibude, Mahmoud Obeidat, Renáta Papp, Dániel Sándor Veres, Bogdan-Ionel Tamba, Brigitta Teutsch, Péter Hegyi
{"title":"Minimally invasive techniques versus opioids in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.","authors":"Ioana-Irina Rezuș, Anett Rancz, Ioana Creangă-Murariu, Oghosa Clinton Ibude, Mahmoud Obeidat, Renáta Papp, Dániel Sándor Veres, Bogdan-Ionel Tamba, Brigitta Teutsch, Péter Hegyi","doi":"10.21037/tgh-24-141","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-24-141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a low chance of resection, and a consistent burden of disease, with pain greatly impacting the quality of life (QoL). We aim to find the most efficient method to treat pain in patients with unresectable PC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023477094). On the 29<sup>th</sup> of October 2023, a systematic search was performed, including only randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reporting on patients with unresectable PC-associated pain, QoL, survival, analgesics use, and adverse events (AEs). Different random-effects meta-analyses were performed on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and AEs. Survival curves of treatments were estimated based on individual patients' data from the reported Kaplan-Meier curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one RCTs were eligible. At 4 weeks from a moderate to severe baseline pain level, the VAS score decreased to 2.27 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.63-2.91] with percutaneous celiac plexus neurolysis (P-CPN), and 2.80 (95% CI: 2.17-3.42) with opioids, while in individual studies to 1.30 (95% CI: 0.68-1.92) with endoscopic ultrasound-guided celiac plexus neurolysis (EUS-CPN), and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.37-1.53) with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). At 8 and 12 weeks, there was an increase in pain scores for all treatment groups. AEs associated with interventional techniques were transient, the most common being diarrhoea, haemodynamic changes, and procedure-related pain. The median survival time in days was 126.22 (95% CI: 87.21-165.31) for opioids and 86.71 (95% CI: 62.45-136.88) for P-CPN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventional techniques reduce pain and opioid use with few adverse effects; they should be considered more often and earlier in the management of patients with unresectable PC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association between a new indicator with non-alcoholic fatty liver and liver fibrosis in US adults: findings from NHANES 2017-2018. 一项新指标与美国成年人非酒精性脂肪肝和肝纤维化之间的关联:NHANES 2017-2018的研究结果
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-08 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-151
Mengyue Ji, Maoxuan Li, Na Dong, Jian Cao, Xinru Du, Ting Xu, Yingxiao Shen, Jiale Luo, Jialin Ma, Yuan Li, Chunxiao Zhou
{"title":"Association between a new indicator with non-alcoholic fatty liver and liver fibrosis in US adults: findings from NHANES 2017-2018.","authors":"Mengyue Ji, Maoxuan Li, Na Dong, Jian Cao, Xinru Du, Ting Xu, Yingxiao Shen, Jiale Luo, Jialin Ma, Yuan Li, Chunxiao Zhou","doi":"10.21037/tgh-24-151","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-24-151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) significantly threatens public health. Early diagnosis of NAFLD can prevent adverse outcomes, but the current diagnosis system is still imperfect. Serum markers and their combinations are valuable for detecting diseases, including NAFLD. The advanced lung cancer inflammatory index (ALI) is a comprehensive indicator that reflects the inflammation and nutritional status. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) is an evaluation index for liver function. This study aims to construct a novel indicator based on ALI and GGT to evaluate NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018. Binary logistic regression model and multivariate logistic regression model were utilized to examine the associations. Stratified and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were applied to confirm whether the dependent and independent variables had stable associations in the population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This population-based study included 3,905 American adults. According to binary logistic regression analysis, an increase in ALI × GGT was significantly correlated with an increased risk of liver fibrosis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that ALI × GGT was an independent risk factor for liver fibrosis. After grouping adjustment, we found that the diagnostic value of ALI × GGT was greater among participants under 50 years of age, women, those with diabetes mellitus or borderline diabetes, those without hypertension, and those without non-alcoholic fatty liver.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed a new indicator, ALI × GGT, which could serve as a potential biomarker for early liver fibrosis in specific populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine learning in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: a systematic review. 机器学习在溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病鉴别诊断中的应用:系统综述。
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-07 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-117
Jin Huang, Xinyi Zhu, Yueying Ma, Zhenjie Zhang, Jinrong Zhang, Zhou Hao, Luyi Wu, Huirong Liu, Huangan Wu, Chunhui Bao
{"title":"Machine learning in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease: a systematic review.","authors":"Jin Huang, Xinyi Zhu, Yueying Ma, Zhenjie Zhang, Jinrong Zhang, Zhou Hao, Luyi Wu, Huirong Liu, Huangan Wu, Chunhui Bao","doi":"10.21037/tgh-24-117","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tgh-24-117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract. This systematic review aimed at highlighting the latest findings on the use of machine learning (ML) in the IBD subtypes, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (CD), with a view to obtaining a basis for the clinical application of ML to differentiate between these subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an extensive search of six major databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Ovid, for entries made between 1 January 2000 and 28 November 2024. The search was focused on identifying studies that used ML to construct diagnostic models for ulcerative colitis and CD. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies was used to assess the risk of bias and concerns about the applicability of these studies. The protocol for this review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024543036).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After a rigorous screening and assessment process, 31 papers were found to be suitable for inclusion in the review, with a total sample size of 15,140. Most of the included studies were retrospective (n=27, 87%), with the vast majority of studies (n=20, 65%) published between 2021 and 2023. Random forest (RF) was identified as the most commonly used (n=10, 32%), followed by support vector machines (n=9, 29%), and the majority of the studies were focused on model evaluation metrics of ML.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that ML holds the potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing between ulcerative colitis and CD, particularly through the utilization of models developed from endoscopic and fecal biomarker data based on deep learning and RF.</p>","PeriodicalId":94362,"journal":{"name":"Translational gastroenterology and hepatology","volume":"10 ","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144777490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving uptake of germline genetic testing amongst individuals at high-risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. 提高胰腺导管腺癌高危人群生殖系基因检测的接受程度。
IF 2.5
Translational gastroenterology and hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-01 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-24-152
Beth Dudley, Bryson W Katona
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