Soil & Environmental Health最新文献

{"title":"Generalizable consistency of soil quality standards for pesticides: Modeling perspectives","authors":"Xiaoyu Zhang,&nbsp;Zijian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil quality standards for pesticides play a crucial role in protecting plants and preventing potential health hazards to humans. Here we discuss modeling approaches to define pesticide soil quality standards from two effect endpoints, which ensures consistency throughout the entire pesticide life cycle from application to human exposure assessment. Given that pesticides are applied in a pulse-like emission pattern and their soil concentrations change over time, both a ceiling legal limit and an average legal limit for pesticide soil quality standards should apply to the initial pesticide application practice and the potential human health effect. The timing intervals for pesticide application and the dissipation half-life in the soil can be used to quantify the relationship between the ceiling and average legal limits. By analyzing primary exposure pathways related to soil contamination, the average legal limit can be linked to theoretical human health risks, which requires a comprehensive evaluation for an adequate safety margin, including human interactions with soil, exposure assessment of soil pesticides, and allocation exposure assessment. To establish acceptable human health risks, the average legal limit can be determined, and the ceiling legal limit can be estimated based on the quantitative relationship between the ceiling and average legal limits. Additionally, we discuss situation-specific factors, including climate-pattern and behavior-pattern factors, to define pesticide soil quality standards to further complete the modeling framework. We hope insights presented in this paper will assist regulatory agencies worldwide in defining pesticide soil quality standards that meet their specific regulatory needs throughout the entire pesticide life cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100031"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and pollution risks of Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Hg and As in farmland soil near coal mines","authors":"Bijun Cheng ,&nbsp;Ziyue Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Yan ,&nbsp;Yufeng Yu ,&nbsp;Liangpo Liu ,&nbsp;Yi Gao ,&nbsp;Hongmei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiujuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy metal (loid) pollution poses a serious threat to the health and habitability of ecosystems worldwide. This study aims to investigate the concentration, pollution degree, pollution sources, and health risks of heavy metal (loid)s (HMs) in soil of Shanxi Province, China. The concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Hg and As were measured by ICP-MS in 146 soil samples collected from agricultural land. The pollution degree and ecological risks of HMs were analyzed by variety of indexes, and the human health risks were assessed using the USEPA model. Results showed the average concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg and As were 1.08, 1.15, 1.44, 1.50 and 1.25 times higher than the background values in the soil of investigated areas, respectively. The contamination factors revealed moderate pollution of Hg, Pb, As, Cd and Cu in the investigated areas, and the pollution load index indicated considerable contamination. The Nemerow index revealed low to severe contamination with HMs. The potential ecological risk of HMs indicates that Hg and Cd pose a moderate risk threat to the soil ecology. Coal mining was the primary sources of soil HMs identified by ACPS-MLR. Soil As (75.1%) and Ni (62.3%) were mainly derived from coal mining, Pb (73.1%) was from traffic emissions, and Hg (38.6%) originated from coal combustion. The health risks associated with these HMs due to soil exposure were within the acceptable levels for adults. The As concentration imposes the strongest effect based on the non-carcinogenic risk analysis in different exposed populations. In conclusion, the higher concentration of soil HMs moderately threatens soil ecology, but there was no significant human health risk found in the study. Furthermore, this study reveals the potential risk and sources of HMs in Shanxi Province, which is helpful for managing contaminated soil in the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 3","pages":"Article 100035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49883957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Municipal solid waste compost: Global trends and biogeochemical cycling","authors":"Xiaoxia Cao ,&nbsp;Paul N. Williams ,&nbsp;Yuanhang Zhan ,&nbsp;Scott A. Coughlin ,&nbsp;John W. McGrath ,&nbsp;Jason P. Chin ,&nbsp;Yingjian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Municipal solid waste (MSW) compost is being prioritised as a sustainable solution for urban waste management and is increasingly being used by agriculture as a soil enhancer, quasi-fertiliser and carbon mitigation tool. Here, we examine these changes and the growing global use of MSW compost and discuss its expanding adoption and application across different world regions. Factors influencing the composition of MSW compost, including processing technologies as well as feedstock characteristics such as seasonality, source variation, and maturation regimes, are discussed. An analysis of advantages and disadvantages of MSW compost is presented. The benefits are considered from the perspective of interplays within carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, and emerging roles in pollutant remediation. Conversely, the potential risks such as the presence of toxic elements, microplastics, and persistent organic pollutants, and impacts on greenhouse gas emissions are also examined. The production of high-quality MSW compost is underpinned by the selection and screening of appropriate feedstock. However, there are increasing opportunities for production technologies, which improve physical, chemical, and biological traits of the composts to the point that they can also provide phyto-stimulant/protection services. However, there is little information on the use of MSW compost in forestry. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the global trends, composition factors, advantages and disadvantages, strategies for efficient use, and future perspectives of MSW compost utilisation. It highlights the importance of balanced decision-making that considers both environmental and economic factors to maximise the potential benefits of MSW compost for sustainable waste management and soil improvement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49881571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fate and distribution of orally-ingested CeO2-nanoparticles based on a mouse model: Implication for human health","authors":"Xingmao Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Xu ,&nbsp;Honglan Shi ,&nbsp;Hu Yang ,&nbsp;Kerstin K. Landrock ,&nbsp;Virender K. Sharma ,&nbsp;Robert S. Chapkin","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of nanoparticles in agrichemical formula and food products as additives has increased their chances of accumulation in humans via oral intake. Due to their potential toxicity, it is critical to understand their fate and distribution following oral intake. Cerium oxide nanoparticle (CeO₂NP) is commonly used in agriculture and is highly stable in the environment. As such, it has been used as a model chemical to investigate nanoparticle's distribution and clearance. Based on their estimated human exposure levels, 0.15–0.75 ​mg/kg body weight/day of CeO₂NPs with different sizes and surface charges (30–50 ​nm with negative charge and &lt;25 ​nm with positive charge) were gavaged into C57BL/6 female mice daily. After 10-d, 50% of mice in each treatment were terminated, with the remaining being gavaged with 0.2 ​mL of deionized water daily for 7-d. Mouse organ tissues, blood, feces, and urine were collected at termination. At the tested levels, CeO₂NPs displayed minimal overt toxicity to the mice, with their accumulation in various organs being negligible. Fecal discharge as the predominant clearance pathway took less than 7-d regardless of charges. Single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated minimal aggregation of CeO₂NPs in the gastrointestinal tract. These findings suggest that nanoparticle additives &gt;25 ​nm are unlikely to accumulate in mouse organ after oral intake, indicating limited impacts on human health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49858911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytostabilization of soils contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn: Physicochemical, toxicological and biological evaluations","authors":"R.G. Lacalle ,&nbsp;M.P. Bernal ,&nbsp;M.J. Álvarez-Robles ,&nbsp;R. Clemente","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phytostabilization of metal-contaminated soils is effective to reduce their solubility and availability in soils and reduce their toxicity to plants. However, the evaluation of appropriate treatments and efficient plant species needs to consider the effects not only of soil characteristics, but also of microbial population. In this work, the effects of seven different plants, including crops and locally adapted species, in two metal-contaminated soils based on a field phytoremediation experiment were evaluated. The two soils (agricultural and mining) contained 6.1, 2322 and 1422, and 13.5, 2071 and 13,971 ​mg ​kg⁻¹ Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations, respectively. In the agricultural soil, combination of crop species <em>Cynara cardunculus</em> and <em>Brassica juncea</em> Czern. was the most effective in reducing metal extractability and in stimulating microbial activity. In the mining soil, compost-assisted phytostabilization decreased CaCl₂-extractable Cd and Zn (12–50% for Cd and 71–76% for Zn). The reduced metal toxicity enhanced microbial biomass activity and diversity, particularly under <em>B. juncea</em>. Thus, phytostabilization using selected species was effective in reducing metal toxicity in contaminated soils.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49899671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of simulated acid rain and carbon-rich water on mercury mobilization in soils amended with aluminum-based drinking water treatment residuals","authors":"Katherine Y. Deliz Quiñones,&nbsp;Jean-Claude J. Bonzongo","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mercury (Hg) contamination in soils is of concern because of its known adverse effects on ecosystem functions and human health. Research on how to reduce Hg contamination in soil is still needed, mainly because of the difficulties in remediating Hg-contaminated soils while minimizing adverse effects on treated systems. We investigated the potential of a waste substrate, aluminum (Al)-based drinking water treatment residuals (Al-WTRs), as a low-cost sorbent for immobilizing the mobile fraction of Hg in contaminated soils using column leaching studies. Because of the known role of acidic deposition and dissolved organic matter on the environmental cycling of Hg, columns packed with Hg-contaminated alluvial soils collected from the watershed of Poplar Creek in Tennessee of USA were leached using either the synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) to simulate the effects of acid rain or low pH dissolved organic carbon (DOC) rich river water (Suwannee River water, pH 4.20) to mimic soil flooding events with DOC-rich waters. The results show that, for soils with very high mobile Hg fractions, control columns without Al-WTR leached with the SPLP solution retained only 51% of total-Hg, which was significantly less (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05) than in the Al-WTR treated soil columns (up to 80%). Leaching with DOC-rich river water (53.3 ​mg ​C/L) decreased the sorption capacity of Al-WTR. Using waters with increasing DOC concentrations (from 5.33 to 40 ​mg ​C/L) resulted in the removal of 63% of the initial mass of Hg in the control columns compared to 22–29% in the columns amended with 2 and 5% Al-WTR. Overall, Al-WTR can immobilize Hg under extreme leachability conditions and should be considered as a potential sorbent for in situ remediation of Hg-contaminated soils. However, further studies are needed on the fate of Al-WTR-immobilized Hg.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49858912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochar seeding properties affect struvite crystallization for soil application","authors":"Nageshwari Krishnamoorthy ,&nbsp;Christopher Nzediegwu ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Mao ,&nbsp;Hongbo Zeng ,&nbsp;Balasubramanian Paramasivan ,&nbsp;Scott X. Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Struvite crystallization is a viable approach for recovering phosphorus from phosphorus-rich solutions such as urine and wastewater. However, designing seed materials to promote crystal growth and enhance the efficiency of struvite crystallization remains an area of active research. In this study, we investigated the seeding characteristics of biochars on struvite crystallization and the impact of biochar feedstock type and production temperature on the process. Microwave-pyrolyzed biochars produced from different feedstocks and under different temperatures were examined as seeding materials for struvite crystallization from urine and the influence of biochar properties on the overall struvite yield, nutrient recovery and struvite crystal size. Sawdust biochar (lignocellulosic biomass) produced at 500 ​°C had the highest struvite yield (7.91 ​g ​L⁻¹), phosphate (97.9%) and ammonium recovery (87.1%), and relative crystal size (85.2%) compared to the non-seeded treatment due to its higher surface area, pore volume, and hydrophobicity of the biochar. Manure pellet biochar (non-lignocellulosic biomass) produced at 500 ​°C also exhibited performance comparable to sawdust biochar produced at 500 ​°C. Increasing pyrolysis temperature increased biochar's hydrophobicity, zeta potential, electrophoretic mobility and bulk density, irrespective of the feedstock type, thereby improving the seeding process. The ash content of biochar was negatively correlated with its surface area, pore volume, and particle size, but positively correlated with biochar's bulk density and suspension stability. In conclusion, feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature significantly affected biochar properties, which interactively influenced struvite crystallization. Therefore, biochars should be carefully selected to improve their efficiency for phosphorus recovery from phosphorus-containing solutions such as urine and wastewater, with the recovered phosphorus being used for soil applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49899673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activity update of the Mission Board of European Union on soil health and food","authors":"Cees P. Veerman","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is not widely known that a handful of soil contains more living creatures of all kinds than there are humans living on the globe. The conditions on which all these creatures (fungi, bacteria, and worms) are able to thrive determine soil health, thereby crop production and food safety. In this contribution, I will present and clarify the concept of the Mission Board on Soil Health and Food, which serves the backgrounds and activities during the past three years. I will also explain the possible consequences for future research funding by the European Union (EU). Essentially, the work of the Mission Board focuses on: 1) the relationship between the well-developed and highly-respected discipline of Soil Science, 2) the vast body of knowledge and vested scientific authority it represents and 3) the relationship with the ongoing process of deterioration of soil health in daily use and exploitation. In other words, soil science versus soil health, is there an issue?</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49899669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dissolved organic matter on mercury speciation in rice rhizosphere amended with sulfur-rich biochar","authors":"Hualing Hu ,&nbsp;Yiman Gao ,&nbsp;Wenbing Tan ,&nbsp;Beidou Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural sulfur (S)-rich biochar (NRB) can be employed as an alternative for traditional S-modified biochar. However, the effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on mercury (Hg) speciation in rice rhizosphere soils under natural S-rich biochar application remains unclear. We conducted a pot experiment to study the effects of NRB application on the chemical composition and structure of DOM and the related speciation and availability of Hg in rice rhizosphere. Applying NRB significantly increased the concentration of methylmercury (MeHg) in the rhizosphere soils, which was enhanced with application frequency. This observation can be explained by MeHg immobilization in response to increasing S content in rice rhizosphere soils. We also observed increased molecular weight and functional group complexity of DOM, likely contributing to the decrease in MeHg mobility. Furthermore, the increase in pH and humification of DOM caused by S-rich biochar application generally reduced the concentrations of water-soluble and mercuric-sulfide fraction (easily-available Hg species) and organo-chelated fraction (potentially-available Hg species). Our findings highlight that the application of NRB can reduce the availability of MeHg in rice rhizosphere, thus providing a practical basis for reducing the potential risk of MeHg toxicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49858913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining soil health parameters controlling crop productivity in a Citrus Greening disease affected orange grove","authors":"Sean C. Stokes ,&nbsp;Pankaj Trivedi ,&nbsp;Kristen Otto ,&nbsp;James A. Ippolito ,&nbsp;Thomas Borch","doi":"10.1016/j.seh.2023.100016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seh.2023.100016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil health is an important aspect for maintaining adequate crop production, but the specifics of what entails a healthy soil can vary from region to region and crop to crop. In highly managed agricultural systems, unhealthy soil can be masked by intensive management practices, yet there must be detrimental cutoff points in various characteristics, such as soil organic matter (SOM) concentrations, where even highly managed systems start to lose productivity. This negative impact was observed in a Florida citrus grove containing Valencia orange trees with observable differences in tree size yet were otherwise managed identically. A soil health index demonstrated that the areas with smaller trees had a significantly lower index score and those soils contained significantly less SOM (average SOM ​= ​0.57%) compared to areas with larger trees (average SOM ​= ​0.94%). The areas of lower crop productivity also had less enzymatic activity of common carbon-cycling enzymes and different microbial populations, which all together negatively affected soil health and corresponding plant productivity. This agricultural region is also known to have a Citrus Greening disease (HLB) infection rate of close to 100%, hence we developed a hypothesis that could explain how progression of this infection could be impacted by SOM concentrations and differences in microbial diversity. We posit that areas of this grove with healthier soil could have more resistance to the onset of fatal HLB symptoms. Consequently, soil organic matter distribution and concentration should be considered when establishing new groves in order to optimize soil and crop productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94356,"journal":{"name":"Soil & Environmental Health","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100016"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49858910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}