Psychopharmacology bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Pregabalin Adjuventia Helped Risperidone-Induced Extrapyramidal Syndrome and Augmented Antipsychotic Response in an Adolescent with Schizophrenia.","authors":"Ahmed Naguy, Saxby Pridmore, Bibi Alamiri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here, authors report on an interesting case of early-onset of schizophrenia where adjunctive pregabalin alleviated risperidone-induced pseudoparkinsonism, helped with insomnia and agitation and boosted antipsychotic response with great tolerability. We wager that gabapentenoids can be a viable option in the niche of psychopharmacotherapy of schizophrenia in CAP population.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 1","pages":"40-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10913867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Phase 2 Open Label Study of Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of SLS-002 (Intranasal Racemic Ketamine) in Adults with MDD at Imminent Risk of Suicide.","authors":"Timothy Whitaker, Kimberly F Farrand, Michael E Thase","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the prevalence of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and the propensity of affected individuals to eventually die by suicide, there is no therapeutic approved specifically for suicidal ideation and behavior (SI/B) in MDD. The NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine has been investigated for the treatment of depression and shown to have a rapid effect on symptoms. Spravato^® (esketamine) is approved by the FDA for use in treatment-resistant depression and Major Depressive Episodes with Suicidal Ideation based on studies conducted in adults also taking standard antidepressants. While esketamine was associated with a large reduction in suicidality indicators, the effects did not significantly exceed those associated with placebo. Racemic ketamine, a mixture of both esketamine and arketamine, may hold greater potential for the rapid alleviation of SI/B. SLS-002 was developed as an investigational intranasal racemic ketamine for the treatment of SI/B in individuals with MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In part one of a two-part clinical trial, the safety, tolerability, and potential effectiveness of SLS-002 were evaluated in an open label study of 17 patients with MDD hospitalized with acute SI/B.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with SLS-002 was associated with a significant reduction in depression and suicidality indicators on four clinical scales: the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, the Sheehan-Suicidality Tracking Scale, and the Clinical and Patient Global Impression Scales for SI/B. SLS-002 was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this open label study support the continued development of SLS-002. The randomized double-blind placebo-controlled part two of this trial was recently completed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 1","pages":"8-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10913863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration of Untreated Illness in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and its Associated Factors.","authors":"Anas Ibn Auf, Abdelgadir Osman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The period before effective treatment is administered, is known as the duration of untreated illness (DUI). It has been found to relate to prognoses and sensitivity to treatment. The DUI is yet to be fully investigated in relation to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The present study examined a sample of 89 patients who presented with OCD over a span of two years and who were treated at a clinic in Khartoum, the capital city of Sudan. We examined the mean DUI before the patients received an effective psychiatric intervention. We also gauged different sociodemographic and clinical presentations associated with DUI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample comprised 55 male (61.8%) and 34 female patients (38.2%). Around 75% were single (N = 67); 34 participants (38.2%) were students; 28 (31.5%) were employed; and 27 (30.3%) were unemployed. The mean age of the participants was 27.12 years (SD ± 8.72) and the mean age at the first onset of the disorder was 21.72 years (SD ± 7.51). The mean of DUI was 5.41 years (SD ± 5.53). There was no significant difference in DUI in respect of age or gender. It was significantly longer in unemployed patients (7.59 years ± 5.93) than in employed (6.37 years ± 6.64) or students (2.88 years ± 2.59); p = 0.002. Married OCD patients had a longer DUI than single patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study highlighted a considerable delay before OCD patients received effective treatment. Although many intractable cultural and socioeconomic factors were tested, the strongest associations were found to be unemployment and marital status.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"54 1","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10913869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of <i>CYP3A4*1B</i> Single Nucleotide Polymorphism to the Efficiency and Safety Profiles of Haloperidol in Patients Enduring Acute Alcoholic Hallucinosis.","authors":"A A Parkhomenko, M S Zastrozhin, VYu Skryabin, A E Petukhov, S A Pozdniakov, V A Ivanchenko, I A Zaytsev, I V Bure, P O Bochkov, K A Akmalova, V V Smirnov, E A Bryun, D A Sychev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To date, haloperidol has been widely used to treat patients with acute alcoholic hallucinosis. There is strong evidence that haloperidol therapy is commonly associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The 392A > <i>G</i> polymorphism of the <i>CYP3A4</i>*<i>1B</i> gene (rs2740574) is known to affect the metabolism rates of haloperidol; hence it correlates with both therapy efficacy and safety parameters.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study objective was to investigate the effect of 392A > <i>G</i> polymorphism of the <i>CYP3A4</i>*<i>1B</i> gene <i>(rs2740574)</i> on the efficacy and safety profiles of haloperidol in patients with acute alcoholic hallucinosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study enrolled 100 male patients suffering from acute alcoholic hallucinosis (mean age 41.4 ± 14.4 years). The efficacy profile of haloperidol was assessed using the PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) validated psychometric scale. The safety profile of therapy was assessed with the UKU Side-Effect Rating Scale and the SAS (Simpson-Angus Scale for Extrapyramidal Symptoms) scale. Genotyping was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant results for the efficacy rates (dynamics of the PANSS score: <i>AA</i> genotype -14.00 [-16.00; -12.00], <i>AG</i> genotype -13.00 [-14.00; -10.50], p = 0.306). Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference in the safety profiles (dynamics of the UKU score: <i>AA</i> genotype - 9.00 [7.00; 13.00], <i>AG</i> genotype - 8.50 [7.25; 10.50], p = 0.620; dynamics of the SAS score: <i>AA</i> genotype -12.00 [10.00; 16.75], <i>AG</i> genotype - 10.00 [10.00; 12.25], p = 0.321).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated that the <i>392A</i> > <i>G</i> polymorphism of the <i>CYP3A4</i>*<i>1B</i> gene <i>(rs2740574)</i> in patients with acute alcoholic hallucinosis does not affect the efficacy and safety rates of haloperidol therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"53 4","pages":"8-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10698852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138815939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consequences of 1,4-Butanediol Misuse: A Review.","authors":"VYu Skryabin, YuB Shevtsova, E A Novoselova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), along with its precursors, 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BD) and gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), are potent central depressant agents widely illicitly used for their euphoric and relaxant effects. The article presents a review of the literature on the 1,4-BD misuse, the clinical picture of intoxication, development of addiction and delirium. The available evidence shows that 1,4-BD is a substance with its own psychoactive effects, a high addiction potential and potentially severe withdrawal symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"53 4","pages":"48-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10698855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138815937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of the <i>1846G</i> > <i>A</i> Polymorphism of the <i>CYP2D6</i> Gene to the Equilibrium Concentration Levels of Haloperidol in Patients with Acute Alcoholic Hallucinosis.","authors":"A A Parkhomenko, M S Zastrozhin, VYu Skryabin, A E Petukhov, S A Pozdniakov, V A Ivanchenko, I A Zaytsev, I V Bure, P O Bochkov, K A Akmalova, V V Smirnov, E A Bryun, D A Sychev","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haloperidol is currently used in addictology for the treatment of acute psychotic disorders, including acute alcoholic hallucinosis. The use of haloperidol is often accompanied by the occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). There is evidence that CYP2D6 isoenzyme is involved in the biotransformation of haloperidol.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to evaluate the relationship of 1846G > A polymorphism of the CYP2D6 gene to the equilibrium concentration levels of haloperidol in patients with acute alcoholic hallucinosis.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted on 100 male patients with acute alcoholic hallucinosis (mean age 41.4 ± 14.4 years). The efficacy profile was evaluated using the PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) scale. The safety of therapy was assessed using the UKU Side-Effect Rating Scale and the SAS (Simpson-Angus Scale for Extrapyramidal Symptoms) scale. Genotyping was performed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Equilibrium plasma concentration levels of haloperidol were investigated using the high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (HPLC with MS/MS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant results were obtained during the therapy efficacy assessment (dynamics of the PANSS score: <i>GG</i> genotype (-13.00 [-16.00; -16.00; -11.00]), <i>GA</i> genotype (-15.00 [-16.75; -13.00], p = 0.728). There was a statistically significant difference in safety assessment scores (dynamics of the UKU score: <i>GG</i> genotype (8.00 [7.00; 10.00]), <i>GA</i> genotype (15.00 [9.25; 18.00], p < 0.001); dynamics of the SAS score: <i>GG</i> genotype (11.00 [9.00; 14.00]), <i>GA</i> genotype (14.50 [12.00; 18.00], p < 0.001). The pharmacokinetic study results showed a statistically significant difference: <i>GG</i> (3.13 [2.32; 3.95]), <i>GA</i> (3.89 [2.92; 5.26], p = 0.010). Thus, a study conducted on a group of 100 patients with acute alcoholic hallucinosis demonstrated an association between the <i>1846G</i> > <i>A</i> polymorphism of the <i>CYP2D6</i> gene (<i>rs3892097</i>) and the safety profile of haloperidol therapy. We also revealed the presence of statistically significant difference in the equilibrium concentration levels of haloperidol in patients with the <i>GG</i> and <i>AG</i> genotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It can be concluded that patients with the <i>GA</i> genotype have a higher risk of ADRs compared to patients carrying the <i>GG</i> genotype. It is shown that <i>1846G</i> > <i>A</i> polymorphism of the <i>CYP2D6</i> gene (<i>rs3892097</i>) has a statistically significant effect on the equilibrium concentration levels of haloperidol.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"53 4","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10698856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138815941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhabdomyolysis Complicated with Hyponatremia Due to Water Intoxication and Severe Aspiration Pneumonia: Description of a Patient with Chronic Schizophrenia and Literature Review.","authors":"Shintaro Watanabe, Yoshio Sato, Junya Miyaki, Takefumi Suzuki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyponatremia due to water intoxication is frequently observed in patients with chronic schizophrenia. We herein present a 49-year-old man who developed schizophrenia at the age of 23 and had been admitted to the closed ward of our hospital for 7 years. He was found by a round nurse standing at the bedside, covering both ears with his hands and making groaning noises. He was disoriented and immediately after being returned to bed, a general tonic-clonic seizure occurred. Severe hyponatremia (Na 104 mEq/L) was noted and intravenous sodium correction was started. A few hours later, due to glossoptosis and massive vomiting, ventilation got worse to the point where he had to be put on a ventilator. On the following day, he developed aspiration pneumonia and antimicrobial treatment was started. In addition, a blood sample taken 36 hours later revealed an extensive elevation of creatine kinase (41,286 U/L), pointing to a possibility of rhabdomyolysis as a complication. Subsequently, the general condition gradually improved with antimicrobial therapy and sodium correction. He eventually recovered without any complications including central pontine myelinolysis. He had no history of polydipsia before this event but it was later found that esophageal stricture triggered complusive fluid intake, resulting in acute hyponatremia, seizure, aspiration pneumonia and rhabdomyolysis. A brief discussion will be provided on the issues surrounding hyponatremia, rhabdomyolysis and schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"53 4","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10698853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138815943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Psychopharmacological Medication Preference with Autistic Traits and Emotion Regulation in ADHD.","authors":"Burcu Ozbaran, Ipek Inal-Kaleli, Nurhak Dogan, Halil Ibrahim Colak, Anil Altunkaya, Beyza Ozbaran, Sezen Kose","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study intends to evaluate the relationship between medication switching and autistic traits, emotion dysregulation, and methylphenidate side effects in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children with ADHD, ages 9-18, treated with methylphenidate (MTP) (n = 23), and switched to atomoxetine (ATX) (n = 20) were included. All participants were interviewed with K-SADS-PL to confirm ADHD diagnosis and exclude comorbid psychiatric disorders. The participants then completed Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and their parents completed Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) and Barkley Stimulant Side Effect Rating Scale(BSSERS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MTP group scored higher than the ATX group in ASSQ, AQ, and the lack of emotional clarity subscale of DERS, while the ATX group had higher scores in the emotional non-acceptance subscale of DERS. No differences were found between the MTP and ATX groups in methylphenidate side-effect severity. Multiple regression analyses revealed that non-acceptance of emotions predicted the switch to ATX while lack of emotional clarity predicted the maintenance of MTP therapy, rather than autistic traits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights emotion regulation difficulties and how different emotional profiles may influence medication selection in children with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"53 4","pages":"23-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10698854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138815936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"β-Blockers for Autism-<i>Help</i> or <i>Hindrance</i>?","authors":"Ahmed Naguy, Seshni Gourika Moodliar-Rensburg, Bibi Alamiri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A renewed interest in the use of β-blockers for neurodevelopmental disorders has recently resurfaced, notably as an addition to the limited psychopharmacological armamentarium of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this clinical perspective, authors decently argue this use could be advantageous and multi-folded for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"53 4","pages":"57-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10698851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138815946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment-Resistant Juvenile Depression-A Quicksand?","authors":"Ahmed Naguy, Saxby Pridmore, Hessa Alhazeem, Bibi Alamiri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Though research in juvenile depression is advancing, evidence examining effective treatments for Treatment-resistant juvenile depression remains at large limited. There is a dire need for more studies to help guide clinicians navigating these challenging cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":94351,"journal":{"name":"Psychopharmacology bulletin","volume":"53 4","pages":"54-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10698857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138815945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}