World journal of methodology最新文献

{"title":"Vitamin D and allergic rhinitis: A mini-review.","authors":"Esra Karaaytu, Öner Özdemir","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109252","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an increasingly common inflammatory disease mediated by immunoglobulin E in response to environmental allergens, substantially impacting the quality of life and healthcare systems worldwide. Recent research has drawn attention to the role of vitamin D, a corticosteroid hormone with immunomodulatory properties, in influencing the onset and severity of allergic diseases, including AR. Vitamin D exerts regulatory effects and inherent and tailored immunity, including suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhancing regulatory T cell function. A contrary connection among serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels has been suggested in observational studies of AR prevalence, particularly among children and male adults. However, interventional studies/ research into the therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation in AR have yielded mixed results, with benefits possibly dependent upon baseline vitamin D levels, gender, age, and concomitant therapies. Although emerging evidence implies a link between vitamin D shortage and augmented threat or severity of AR, definitive statements regarding its therapeutic role have not been made. Further high-quality randomized controlled trials are required to clarify the immunological mechanisms engaged and establish standardized clinical guidelines. This mini-review underscores the potential of vitamin D as an adjunctive approach in AR and highlights the need for individual strategies tailored to each patient's profile. This mini-review aims to synthesize evidence about the bond between vitamin D levels and AR, exploring epidemiological findings and underlying immunological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"109252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mirtazapine for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review.","authors":"Raluca Prodan, Jonathan Soldera","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.107908","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.107908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional bowel disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits, with types classified based on stool patterns: (1) Diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D); (2) IBS with constipation (IBS-C); and (3) Mixed IBS. This condition affects approximately 10% of adults globally and is challenging to treat due to the lack of definitive structural or biochemical markers. Treatment options include dietary, pharmacological, and psychological therapies, yet patients often struggle with refractory symptoms impacting quality of life (QoL).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To review existing literature to evaluate Mirtazapine's effectiveness in treating IBS, particularly in older patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review as registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD420251022721) and followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A systematic review was conducted between February 2024 and March 2024, searching PubMed, EMBASE, and BMJ Case Reports from database inception to present. We included English-language randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective clinical studies, and case reports of adult IBS-D or IBS-C patients treated with Mirtazapine, reporting on symptom resolution, abdominal pain, insomnia, or related outcomes. Data extraction covered study design, sample size, dosage, duration, and outcomes. No meta-analysis was performed due to heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 77 identified references, five publications met inclusion criteria: (1) Three case reports; (2) One double-blind RCT (<i>n</i> = 67; Mirtazapine <i>vs</i> placebo); and (3) One prospective study (<i>n</i> = 116 with comorbid depression, 50 on Mirtazapine). The RCT demonstrated significant reductions in IBS symptoms severity score, diary-based symptoms (abdominal pain, urgency, frequency; all significant except bloating), and improved QoL and anxiety scores. Case reports (patients aged 35-66 years) reported normalization of stool frequency, weight gain, and relief of anxiety/depressive symptoms. The prospective study found baseline sleep disturbance correlated with improvements in pain and diarrhea.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although evidence is limited, current data indicate Mirtazapine improves IBS-related symptoms and associated mental health issues, with rapid onset and good tolerability. The small number of studies and absence of large-scale RCTs warrant cautious interpretation. Further RCTs are essential to confirm Mirtazapine's role in IBS treatment and define optimal patient profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"107908"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative prospects in 3D printed bio-scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering: A systematic review.","authors":"Madhan Jeyaraman, Naveen Jeyaraman, Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy, Shrideavi Murugan, Sathish Muthu","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109784","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109784","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Advancements in 3D printing technologies have significantly transformed osteochondral tissue engineering, enabling the creation of scaffolds that closely mimic the structural and biological complexities of native tissue. These scaffolds provide a 3D environment conducive to cellular adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation while maintaining critical mechanical and biodegradable properties.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore the feasibility of 3D printed scaffolds in osteochondral applications, highlights innovative materials and techniques, and addresses the existing knowledge gaps and challenges in clinical translation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This scoping review adhered to PRISMA extension for scoping reviews guidelines to systematically map innovations in 3D printed bio-scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering. Due to heterogeneous data, it favored a scoping over systematic or meta-analytic approaches. The review aimed to identify innovations in scaffold materials, fabrication techniques, and translational strategies. Key questions addressed bioprinting methods, scaffold designs, and translational challenges. Studies included were in English, peer-reviewed, and focused on 3D printed scaffolds for osteochondral repair. Exclusions were non-osteochondral, non-3D fabrication studies, grey literature, editorials, and non-English papers. Literature was sourced from six databases using comprehensive keywords and Boolean operators. Backward citation tracking added relevant studies; no date limits were applied. Screening followed a four-phase selection process with dual independent reviewers. Data were charted thematically without bias assessment, focusing on methods, outcomes, and future gaps.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The fabrication of biomimetic scaffolds, incorporating bioactive elements such as growth factors, has shown promise in replicating the extracellular matrix and enhancing tissue regeneration. Cutting-edge techniques, including inkjet, extrusion-based, and laser-assisted bioprinting, allow precise spatial control and multi-material integration essential for osteochondral scaffolds. Innovations such as graded scaffolds and bio-inks enriched with nanoparticles have further improved scaffold functionality, mechanical stability, and biological activity. Despite these advancements, limitations persist, including material challenges in achieving the desired balance of bioactivity, biodegradability, and mechanical properties. Fabrication methods face issues of scalability, reproducibility, and resolution, while the long-term biological interactions between scaffolds and host tissues, particularly degradation products, remain underexplored. Regulatory and economic barriers also impede clinical translation, underscoring the need for collaborative research efforts. Future directions emphasize the potential of emerging technologies, such as 4D printing, smart biomaterials, and soundwave pat","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"109784"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty pancreas: Current insights and future perspectives.","authors":"Hussein Hassan Okasha, Abdullah Zuhair Alyouzbaki, Nadeem Tehami, Abeer Abdellatef","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109580","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the global increase in obesity rates, a newly emerging disease, non-alcoholic fatty pancreatic disease (NAFPD), has garnered increasing attention. The most important characteristic of NAFPD is fat accumulation in the pancreas in individuals with minimal alcohol consumption. However, the underlying pathogenesis remains poorly understood. This condition has been described using terms, such as fatty infiltration, fatty pancreas, or pancreatic steatosis. Similar to fat accumulation in the liver, known as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), fat can accumulate in other organs, including the pancreas. Therefore, MASLD and NAFPD have increasingly captured the attention of researchers and clinicians. However, precise quantification of pancreatic fat poses a significant challenge. Given the numerous challenges in diagnosing NAFPD and identifying its risk factors, pathogenesis, and clinical implications, extensive efforts have been made to understand its nature. This review highlights the recent advancements in NAFPD. Large-scale cohort studies and multicenter research efforts are anticipated to enhance our understanding of NAFPD, paving the way for improved early diagnosis, treatment, and exploration of its clinical associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"109580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erectile dysfunction: Proposed definition and staging for early diagnosis.","authors":"Arkiath Veettil Raveendran","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.107910","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.107910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erectile dysfunction (ED) is considered a forerunner of cardiovascular disease. Early diagnosis of ED is important for identifying silent cardiovascular illness and reducing morbidity and mortality. ED has to be diagnosed before it interferes with sexual function. Various aspects of ED, methods to assess ED, and different types of ED are briefly discussed in this article. The proposed definition and staging of ED help in early diagnosis and are expected to revolutionize the current concepts of diagnosis and management of ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"107910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tai Chi for treating cancer-related fatigue: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Chang Qiao, Xiao-Hui Zhao, Yue-Chuan Jiao, Hao-Wei Li, Na Guo, Li-Ying Wei, Zheng-Rong Wang, Guo-Lei Li, De-Hui Li","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109145","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) lacks effective pharmacological treatment, with the available options in Western medicine often having limited efficacy and adverse effects. Tai Chi, a traditional Chinese exercise, shows promise in improving CRF.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Tai Chi in alleviating CRF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this meta-analysis, we reviewed 9 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) retrieved from databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and published before March 31, 2025. The experimental groups received conventional treatment plus Tai Chi, and the control groups received conventional treatment only, with varying durations. Using random-effects models, we calculated standardized mean differences (SMD) and mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess the effects of CRF. Heterogeneity was evaluated through <i>I</i> ² statistics. To assess the robustness of the pooled results, we performed leave-one-out sensitivity analysis by sequentially excluding each study and reconducting the meta-analysis. Publication bias was evaluated through funnel plot inspection, supplemented by quantitative assessments using the trim-and-fill method and Egger's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 9 RCTs (<i>n</i> = 659 cancer patients) and found that Tai Chi significantly improved CRF, enhanced sleep quality, and increased quality of life, with a favorable safety profile. The research provides evidence-based medical support for promoting Tai Chi as an adjunctive therapy for CRF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results analysis based on the GRADE assessment indicated that Tai Chi significantly alleviated fatigue symptoms in cancer patients (moderate-certainty evidence, SMD = -1.29, 95%CI: -1.72 to -0.85, <i>P</i> < 0.00001), improved sleep quality (moderate-certainty evidence, SMD = -0.45, 95%CI: -0.78 to -0.12, <i>P</i> = 0.007), and enhanced quality of life (low-certainty evidence, SMD = 0.70, 95%CI: 0.23 to 1.16, <i>P</i> = 0.003), suggesting that Tai Chi can serve as an effective adjuvant intervention for CRF.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"109145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excessive dynamic airway collapse: A condition behind the veil.","authors":"Vivek Paudyal, Rubi Thapa, Asmita Itani, Munish Sharma, Rabindra Rayamajhi, Iqbal Ratnani, Salim Surani","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.108381","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.108381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC) is characterized by weakness in the posterior membranous wall of the airway, which results in more than 50% narrowing of the central airway lumen during expiration. EDAC differs from tracheobronchomalacia, which involves the weakening of the cartilage rather than the membranous wall. EDAC poses a diagnostic challenge due to overlapping symptoms with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, including dyspnea, cough, and wheezing. The diagnosis of EDAC relies on dynamic airway imaging techniques, including bronchoscopy, dynamic computed tomography, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, and endobronchial ultrasound, to assess airway collapse during expiration. Pulmonary function testing helps in ruling out obstructive lung disease. Treatment includes medical management of underlying comorbidities, pulmonary rehabilitation, and, in severe cases, bronchoscopy-guided stenting of the airway or tracheobronchoplasty. This mini-review discusses pathophysiology, diagnostic challenges, and evolving treatment strategies for EDAC, highlighting the need for increased clinical awareness and targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"108381"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing barriers and advancing equitable colorectal cancer screening in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning population.","authors":"Pavan Kumar Reddy Kalluru, Sai Sudha Valisekka, Yamini Katamreddy, Apoorva Cherukuri, Deekshitha Kuchi, Sowmya Manjari Siddenthi, Saikiran Mandyam","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109316","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the United States, colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent non-skin cancer, causing 8% of cancer-related deaths. The most effective way to decrease cancer morbidity and mortality is cancer screening. However, individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) are less likely to utilize cancer screening services compared to the general population. To understand the barriers to effective colorectal cancer screening in the LGBTQ+ population and recommend solutions, we conducted a critical review of the literature using multiple databases until March 2024 using search strings like \"colorectal cancer\", \"screening\", \"LGBTQ+\", \"healthcare equity\" and \"barriers\". We addressed the barriers at various levels, including patient, provider, institution, health insurance, healthcare policies, and data and population surveys. Our analysis indicates that the key contributing factors are social stigma, lack of provider awareness, and insufficient culturally competent care. We also recommend potential solutions such as provider training, increasing awareness and accessibility of screening services, and incorporating patient-centered care models. To achieve equitable access to colorectal cancer screening for the LGBTQ+ population, a holistic strategy involving healthcare professionals, lawmakers, and researchers is required. By identifying the challenges and solutions, this minireview aims to promote healthcare equity and better health outcomes for the LGBTQ+ population. Recommendations for future studies are also given to improve healthcare provision for the LGBTQ+ community.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"109316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nottingham Hip Fracture Score and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II: Predicting 30-day mortality in elderly hip fracture.","authors":"Deb Sanjay Nag, Shailendra Prasad, Seelora Sahu, Jayanta Kumar Laik, Amlan Swain, Rishi Anand, Swati Saroha, Pratap Rudra Mahanty, Himanshu Kumar, Walmik Mistari","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109473","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.109473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hip fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among older individuals. Accurate prediction of 30-day mortality after hip fracture surgery is crucial for effective resource allocation and patient management.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-II score in predicting 30-day mortality among 182 geriatric patients (≥ 60 years) undergoing elective hip fracture surgery at Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NHFS and APACHE-II scores were calculated preoperatively. Patients were followed up for 30 days post-surgery to determine mortality outcomes. Statistical analysis, including receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, was performed to assess the predictive accuracy of both scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that APACHE-II demonstrated superior predictive ability compared to NHFS. The study also assessed secondary outcomes such as ventilator and inotropic support, acute kidney injury (AKI), cardiac morbidity, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, and length of hospital stay (LOS). APACHE-II showed superior performance in predicting the need for ventilator support and AKI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both scores showed significant discrimination for ventilator and inotropic support and LOS but not for AKI. The findings highlight the importance of comprehensive risk stratification for managing geriatric patients with hip fracture.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"109473"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Nanush Damarlapally, Roopeessh Vempati, Denise Mourad, Srivatsa Surya Vasudevan, Gaurav Mathur, Afrasayab Khan, Prathibha Banda, Harshavardhan Polamarasetty, Shaylika Chauhan, Nirmala Manjappachar, Talha Bhatti, Rupak Desai","doi":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.106277","DOIUrl":"10.5662/wjm.v16.i1.106277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a novel inflammatory marker predicting cardiovascular mortality (CVM) and all-cause mortality (ACM).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the association between the NLR and CVM and ACM in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus until May 2024 for the association of ACM and CVM in patients with NLR following PD. We used a fixed effects model and <i>I</i> ² statistics to pool hazard ratio (HR) and measure heterogeneity. Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis assessed the robustness of our study. Multivariate meta-regression (MMR) was utilized to identify influencing confounding factors. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used for quality assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 160 articles screened, seven studies from 2011 to 2024 with 4350 patients, a mean age of 49.9 years ± 15 years, and a median follow-up of 4 years were included. We found that higher NLR (> 3) was significantly associated with ACM [adjusted HR (aHR): 1.18, 95%CI: 1.03-1.36, <i>P</i> = 0.016]. However, there was no significant association of NLR (> 3) with CVM (aHR: 1.16, 95%CI: 0.68-1.98, <i>P</i> = 0.59) in patients following PD. Sensitivity analysis showed no variations. JBI tool revealed low bias among the studies. MMR revealed a significant relationship between age and ACM (coefficient: 0.14, <i>P</i> = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our meta-analysis identifies a significant association between NLR (> 3) and ACM outcome, which can help prevent deaths in the elderly and optimize resource use. Caution is needed when predicting mortality in this group as age significantly confounds ACM in patients undergoing PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":94271,"journal":{"name":"World journal of methodology","volume":"16 1","pages":"106277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12968771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}