Vaccine最新文献

{"title":"Risk of major adverse cerebro-cardiovascular events following BNT162b2, CoronaVac, and ChAdOx1 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection: A self-controlled case-series study.","authors":"Norazida Ab Rahman, Teck Long King, Kalaiarasu M Peariasamy, Sheamini Sivasampu","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the potential risk of major adverse cerebro-cardiovascular events (MACCE) associated with COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This self-controlled case series study used nationwide health database from Malaysia. The study included individuals aged ≥18 years who were hospitalised between 24 February 2021 and 30 June 2022. Outcomes were composite of MACCE: stroke, acute ischaemic heart disease, and cardiovascular death. Exposures were COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The risk period was day 1 to day 21 following exposure. Conditional Poisson regression model was used to estimate the incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) comparing the outcomes in the risk and control periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk of MACCE within 21 days after vaccination per 100,000 doses administered were 12.0 (95% CI 11.9-12.1) (BNT162b2), 9.2 (95% CI 9.1-9.3) (CoronaVac), and 6.8 (95% CI 6.6-7.0) (ChAdOx1). The incidence rate ratios showed no increased risk of MACCE associated with the first, second, or third doses of BNT162b2, CoronaVac, and ChAdOx1 vaccines for individuals without prior cardiovascular disease (CVD). This finding was consistent for individuals with CVD. Vaccine booster dose, whether in a homologous or heterologous schedule, did not show increased risk of MACCE. Analysis by ethnic groups detected a slightly elevated risk of MACCE in Indian after the first dose of ChAdOx1 (IRR 1.64; 95% CI 1.08-2.48) in those without CVD. No significant association were observed in other subgroup analyses. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with significantly increased risk of MACCE in individuals without CVD (IRR 3.54; 95% CI 3.32-3.76) and with CVD (IRR 1.98; 95% CI 1.61-2.34).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support the favourable safety profile of these COVID-19 vaccines and indicate that the overall benefit-risk ratio of the COVID-19 vaccines remains positive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Documenting human papillomavirus vaccine refusal among adolescents in electronic health records: A mixed methods study.","authors":"Nadja A Vielot, Christine A P Ballard, Denise T St Jean, Sophie Page, Kelli Hammond, Peyton Thompson, Anne M Butler, Leah M Ranney","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is often refused by patients or caregivers. We conducted a mixed-methods study to understand how health care providers document HPV vaccination refusal and use this information in subsequent encounters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using electronic health records (EHR) in a public academic health system, we identified patients aged 9-17 years with documentation of refusal of a recommended vaccination in billing codes or clinic notes from October 15, 2015 and December 31, 2021. We summarized the number of encounters in which vaccination was refused; the incidence of HPV vaccination following an initial refusal; and the content of clinic notes describing HPV vaccination refusal. Next, we held focus groups with clinic personnel to understand strategies for documenting HPV vaccination refusal and holding future conversations about HPV vaccination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 523 patients with a documented vaccination refusal, 351 (67 %) refused HPV. Of these, 88 (27 %) eventually received HPV vaccination; incidence of vaccination was not associated with the method used to document refusal in the EHR (ICD-10 code versus clinic note). From focus group discussions, we learned that providers usually make brief notes describing when HPV vaccination was offered and refused, and generally plan to recommend vaccination again at a subsequent encounter. Documenting specific reasons for refusal (e.g., patient age, a conflicting priority) was considered helpful to guide future conversations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients who refuse HPV vaccination might accept vaccination in the future if providers continue to recommend it. Documenting the refusal in EHR can provide meaningful context to guide subsequent recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126467"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring risk factors for Raynaud's phenomenon post COVID-19 vaccination.","authors":"Tzu-Chuan Ho, Shih-Chang Chuang, Kuo-Chen Hung, Chin-Chuan Chang, Kuo-Pin Chuang, Cheng-Hui Yuan, Ming-Hui Yang, Yu-Chang Tyan","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) has recently been observed in recipients of the COVID-19 vaccine. It is unclear whether RP is directly caused by the COVID-19 vaccine. This study aims to investigate the potential causation between RP and COVID-19 vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from January 1, 2020, to March 19, 2024. We included the articles with clinical related findings, specifically case reports and case series. Conference abstracts, editorial publications, preprint, and those not specifically related to COVID-19 vaccination are excluded. The refined selection process aimed to ensure a focused and clinically relevant analysis of the association between RP and COVID-19 vaccination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of six articles were ultimately included in this study, comprising five case reports and one case series involving 24 patients with RP after vaccination. Baseline characteristics of the studies showed the RP post COVID-19 vaccination frequently occurred with females compared to males (70.83 vs. 29.17 %). Of the patients with RP post COVID-19 vaccination, 87.5 % (21/24) had either a history or possible predisposing factors of RP. Among the patients with detailed information of vaccination (n = 20), the number of vaccine doses was not related to RP development (45 % (1st) vs. 30 % (2nd) vs. 25 % 3rd dose). For types of vaccine, 75 % of RP were found to have received the administration of mRNA vaccine (15/20).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The risk of bias was increased due to the uncontrolled study designs and small sample size, making it impossible to attribute causation between RP and COVID-19 vaccination. These few cases may have occurred independently of vaccination. However, physicians should still remain vigilant for RP following COVID-19 vaccination, particularly as the number of vaccinated individuals continues to rise.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126470"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing COVID-19 booster vaccine acceptance in the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, and Jordan: The role of protection motivation theory, conspiracy beliefs, social media use and religiosity.","authors":"Judith Eberhardt, Walid Al-Qerem, Jonathan Ling","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster vaccine uptake has been lower than that of the initial vaccine doses in many countries. Approaches to vaccination vary, with some countries implementing mandatory vaccination and others not. This study aimed to predict COVID-19 booster vaccination intention using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), coronavirus conspiracy beliefs, social media use, and sociodemographic factors, comparing the United Kingdom (UK), Jordan, Germany, and Austria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in the UK, Germany, Austria, and Jordan. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 287 fully vaccinated participants. The survey included items measuring PMT constructs, conspiracy beliefs, social media use, and sociodemographic variables. Data were analysed using bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with high booster dose intention showed lower religiosity, conspiracy beliefs, perceived rewards of not getting vaccinated, and perceived costs of getting vaccinated. They had higher Twitter use, perceived susceptibility, severity of COVID-19, self-efficacy, and vaccine efficacy. Four PMT constructs (severity, self-efficacy, maladaptive response rewards, and response efficacy) significantly predicted booster dose intention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While PMT constructs predict booster vaccination intention, additional factors such as conspiracy beliefs, social media use, and religiosity need to be taken into account in public health campaigns to increase COVID-19 booster dose uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126474"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous BCG vaccination in non-human primates induces superior serum antibody titers with enhanced avidity and opsonizing capacity compared to the intradermal route.","authors":"Marco Polo Peralta Alvarez, Keya Downward, Andrew White, Stephanie A Harris, Iman Satti, Shuailin Li, Alexandra Morrison, Laura Sibley, Charlotte Sarfas, Mike Dennis, Hugo Redondo Azema, Sally Sharpe, Helen McShane, Rachel Tanner","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new and more effective tuberculosis (TB) vaccine is urgently needed, but development is hampered by the lack of validated immune correlates of protection. Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) vaccination by the aerosol (AE) and intravenous (IV) routes has been shown to confer superior levels of protection from challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) in non-human primates (NHP) compared with standard intradermal (ID) administration. This finding offers a valuable opportunity to investigate which aspects of immunity are associated with improved control of M.tb and may represent biomarkers or correlates of protection. As TB vaccine research to date has focused largely on cellular immunity, we aimed to better characterize the poorly-understood serum antibody response to BCG administered by different routes of vaccination in NHP. We demonstrate superior M.tb-specific IgG, IgA, and IgM titers in serum following IV BCG vaccination compared to the ID or AE routes. We also observe improved capacity of IgG induced by IV BCG to opsonize the surface of mycobacteria, and report for the first time that M.tb-specific IgG from IV BCG vaccinated animals is of higher avidity compared with IgG from ID or AE BCG vaccinated animals. Notably, we identified a significant correlation between IgG avidity and measures of protection from aerosol M.tb challenge. Our findings highlight a potential role for antibodies as markers and/or mediators of the superior vaccine-induced protection IV BCG confers against TB and suggest that quality, as well as quantity, of antibodies should be considered when developing and evaluating TB vaccine candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126444"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On-time childhood vaccination before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in seven communities: Findings from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network.","authors":"Annika M Hofstetter, Eileen J Klein, Bonnie Strelitz, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Jennifer E Schuster, Julie A Boom, Leila C Sahni, Natasha B Halasa, Laura S Stewart, Mary Allen Staat, Chelsea Rohlfs, Peter G Szilagyi, Geoffrey A Weinberg, John V Williams, Marian G Michaels, Heidi Moline, Sara A Mirza, Christopher J Harrison, Janet A Englund","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic raised unprecedented challenges to vaccinating children. This multi-center study aimed to compare on-time vaccination of children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify key factors associated with on-time vaccination.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted among children aged 0-6 years enrolled in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network at seven geographically diverse U.S. academic medical centers. Children with acute respiratory illness or acute gastroenteritis were enrolled from emergency department and inpatient settings; healthy control subjects were enrolled from primary care practices. Vaccination data were collected and verified from patient medical records, immunization information systems, and/or provider documentation. On-time vaccination according to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations was compared between pre-pandemic (December 2018-February 2020) and pandemic (March 2020-August 2021) periods using bivariate and multivariable analyses, adjusting for key demographic, clinical, and study characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 24,713 children were included in the analytic sample (non-Hispanic 73.4 %; White 51.0 %; publicly insured 69.0 %). On-time vaccination declined between the pre-pandemic (67.3 %) and pandemic (65.4 %) periods (Adjusted Odds Ratio 0.89, 95 % CI 0.84-0.95). The largest declines were observed among children who were < 12 months, male, Black, publicly insured, or whose mothers had a high school-equivalent education or less. The pandemic impact also varied by vaccine type and study site.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This multi-center study revealed a relatively modest overall reduction in on-time vaccination, which may reflect multilevel efforts to address pandemic-associated challenges. However, some patient subgroups and sites experienced greater reductions in on-time vaccination, highlighting the importance of tailoring interventions to increase equitable vaccine delivery, access, and acceptance across populations and communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute autoimmune hepatitis following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: A population-based study using electronic health records in Singapore.","authors":"Amelia Jing Jing Ng, Desmond Chun Hwee Teo, Sreemanee Raaj Dorajoo, Aaron Jun Yi Yap, Wan Cheng Chow, Nicholas Kai Ming Ng, Sally Bee Leng Soh","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reports of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine-induced autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) have been largely limited to case reports and case series. To further investigate the association between COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and AIH, we conducted a nationwide study using observed-over-expected (O/E) and Self-Controlled Case Series (SCCS) analyses for acute presentations of AIH (AAIH) warranting admission. Patients were included if they had one or more of the following hepatitis-related signs and symptoms (fever, lethargy, jaundice or abdominal pain) reported up to 3 months prior to admission, deranged liver function tests [alanine transaminase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) greater than three times the upper limit of laboratory reference ranges], as well as biopsy results characteristic of AIH or response to steroid treatment for cases which did not undergo biopsy. Seventy-six patients fulfilled our case definition of AAIH within the study period from 1 January 2019 to 28 February 2023, with 6 patients having an estimated onset of AAIH within 42 days of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. All 6 patients were females aged 40 years and above. In the O/E analysis, the rate ratios of AAIH among females aged 40 years and above in the primary cohort were 1.12 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14-9.40) and 1.06 (95% CI 0.24-4.74) in the 21 days and 42 days following vaccination respectively. In the SCCS analysis, we did not observe any statistically significant increase in incidence of AAIH in the 21 and 42 days following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination for both the primary and supplementary cohorts, as well as in the subgroup analysis involving females aged 40 years and above. Our findings suggest that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination does not appear to be associated with increased risk of AAIH requiring admissions in the population, although larger studies are required to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating influenza vaccine effectiveness among older adults using an integrated administrative database and the implications of potential bias: A population-based cohort study in Japan.","authors":"Ayu Kasamatsu, Yuichiro Yahata, Wakaba Fukushima, Hirofumi Sakamoto, Kaori Tanaka, Miwa Takigawa, Kaori Izu, Yuko Nishino, Motoi Suzuki, Hajime Kamiya","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Japan lacks an established framework for routine seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness (SIVE) assessment at the national and municipal levels. This study aimed to estimate SIVE among older adults using an innovative population-based administrative database linking medical fee claims data with vaccination records, while also exploring its potential bias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective population-based cohort study, we assessed SIVE against medically attended influenza during the 2017/18 season among older adults aged ≥65 years in a Japanese city. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard rate ratios, treating vaccination status as time-dependent. To explore potential biases, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between vaccination status and acute respiratory infection (ARI) diagnosis and trauma/injury during the non-influenza season.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 82 % (n = 110,892) of the city's older adult population, with 39.7 % vaccination coverage. The estimated SIVE was 2.9 % (95 % confidence interval: -6.2-11.2), showing no statistical significance. Similarly, subgroup analyses by age and comorbidities revealed no significant protective effect of SIVE. In the non-season analysis, adjusted odds ratios of vaccination were significantly higher for ARI [1.3 (1.3-1.4)] and trauma/injury [1.2 (1.1-1.2)]. However, no significance was observed for hospitalizations with these diagnoses, which include severe conditions less associated with healthcare-seeking behaviors [0.9 (0.8-1.1) and 0.8 (0.6-1.0), respectively].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No significant SIVE was observed during the 2017/18 season. Our real-world observational study, based on medical fee claims data, indicates a potential underestimation of SIVE owing to bias related to healthcare-seeking behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging global patterns of COVID-19 vaccine information fatigue in 23 countries in 2023.","authors":"Trenton M White, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Kenneth H Rabin, Scott C Ratzan, Ayman El-Mohandes","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vaccine information fatigue, exacerbated by the infodemic, misinformation, and cultural influences, hampers public responsiveness to the uptake of vaccines for COVID-19 and other vaccine-preventable diseases. This cross-sectional study of 23,000 respondents surveyed in 23 countries in October 2023 analyzed trust in information sources, perceptions of the pandemic's conclusion, and confidence in one's ability to discern false information from true and the association of these factors with willingness to pay attention to COVID-19 vaccine information, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Results revealed that satisfaction with health authority communication was positively associated with individuals' willingness to pay attention to COVID-19 vaccine information in all 23 countries. Confidence in one's own capacity to distinguish true information from false was associated with willingness in 20 countries. Belief that the pandemic is over was associated with unwillingness to pay attention to COVID-19 vaccine information in 14 countries. These findings underscore the need for tailored communication strategies that build trust in information sources, combat complacency, and enhance discernment skills to address vaccine and pandemic fatigue, aiming to sustain public engagement with vaccine information and, ultimately, support vaccination efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RTS, S malaria vaccination among children aged 24-59 months in the Sunyani Municipality, Ghana; 2023.","authors":"Mansulu Mohammed Zacharia, Sorengmen Amos Ziema, Williams Azumah Abanga, Richard Adinkrah Kyeremeh, Christopher Sunkwa Tamal, Michael Rockson Adjei, Chrysantus Kubio","doi":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Following the successful pilot of RTS,S malaria vaccine, it has been recommended by the WHO for prevention of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children living in endemic areas. Despite the proven benefits of the malaria vaccine, uptake especially of the fourth dose, remains relatively low. We assessed complete uptake of RTS,S malaria vaccine among children 24-59 months and associated factors in the Sunyani Municipality of Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 361 caregivers of children aged 24-59 months in the Sunyani Municipality, who had received at least one dose of RTS,S malaria vaccine. Structured questionnaires were administered to caregivers and relevant vaccination information was extracted from the maternal and child health record books. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with complete uptake of the vaccine at 95 % confidence interval (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 45 % (164/361) of the children had completed the RTS,S malaria vaccination schedule. Children aged 48-59 months (AOR:0.26, 95 %CI:0.09-0.76), those with caregivers who believed that children were being used for experiment (AOR:0.29, 95 %CI:0.16-0.54) or doubted the safety of the vaccine (AOR:0.27, 95 %CI:0.14-0.52) were less likely to complete the four doses. On the other hand, children of caregivers who reported vaccine shortages and travelled long distances to access immunization services (AOR:3.15, 95 %CI:1.17-8.47), and those with adequate knowledge on the malaria vaccine (AOR:1.89, 95 %CI:1.08-3.29) were more likely to complete the vaccination schedule.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Less than half of the children who started RTS,S malaria vaccination completed the full schedule. Age of child, caregiver knowledge and perception of the malaria vaccine, and access to immunization service were associated with complete uptake of the RTS,S malaria vaccine. Strengthening caregiver education and access to immunization services could improve uptake of the subsequent doses and coverage of the fourth dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":94264,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine","volume":"42 26","pages":"126490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}