{"title":"The Influence of Erbium Laser Pretreatment on Dentin Shear Bond Strength and Bond Failure Modes: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Jun Wang, Shuomin Chen, Yutian Wu, Qinhui Zhang, Menghan Wu, Yuge Chen, Liang Chen, Xinhua Hong, Yilin Wang, Shengbin Huang","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b5378611","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b5378611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To systematically review in-vitro studies that evaluated the influence of erbium laser pretreatment on dentin shear bond strength (SBS) and bond failure modes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched. Only in-vitro studies involving erbium laser irradiation of the dentin surface and SBS testing of the bonded resin block were included. The three common modes of bond failure (1. adhesive, 2. cohesive, and 3. mixed) were observed and analyzed. The network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed by Stata 15.0 software, the risk of bias was evaluated, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed by the Confidence in Network Meta-analysis (CINeMA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty studies with nine pretreatments (1. blank group: BL; 2. phosphoric acid etch-and-rinse: ER; 3. self-etch adhesive: SE; 4. Er:YAG laser: EL; 5. Er,Cr:YSGG laser: ECL; 6. ER+EL; 7. ER+ECL; 8. SE+EL; 9. SE+ECL) were included in this analysis. The NMA of SBS showed that ER+EL [SMD = 0.32, 95% CI (0.11, 0.98)] had the highest SBS next to ER, especially when using one of the 3M ESPE adhesives, followed by EL, ECL, SE and SE+EL. The Ivoclar Vivadent adhesives significantly increased the SBS of the ECL [SMD = 0.37, 95% CI (0.16,0.90)] and was higher than ER+EL [SMD = 0.25,95% CI (0.07,0.85)]. Finally, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value indicated that ER+EL (SUCRA = 71.0%) and EL (SUCRA = 62.9%) were the best treatments for enhancing dentin SBS besides ER. ER+EL (SUCRA = 85.3%), ER (SUCRA = 83.7%) and ER (SUCRA = 84.3%) had the highest probability of occurring in adhesive, cohesive and mixed failure modes, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers improved dentin SBS compared to the blank group, especially when the acid etch-and-rinse pretreatment was combined with Er:YAG laser. Shear bond strength and failure mode do not appear to be directly related.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"147-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nathalia Ramos da Silva, Evelynn Crhistyann Medeiros Duarte, Dayanne Monielle Duarte Moura, Nathália de Carvalho Ramos, Karina Barbosa Souza, Fábio Roberto Dametto, Mutlu Özcan, Marco Antonio Bottino, Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção E Souza
{"title":"Adhesive Cementation of CAD/CAM Silica-based Ceramics: Effect of Adhesive Type and Long-term Aging on the Bond Strength to Composite Cement.","authors":"Nathalia Ramos da Silva, Evelynn Crhistyann Medeiros Duarte, Dayanne Monielle Duarte Moura, Nathália de Carvalho Ramos, Karina Barbosa Souza, Fábio Roberto Dametto, Mutlu Özcan, Marco Antonio Bottino, Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção E Souza","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b5341383","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b5341383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of adhesive type and long-term aging on the shear bond strength (SBS) between silica-based ceramics and composite cement (CC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Lithium-silicate (LS), feldspathic (FD) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC) blocks were sectioned (10 x 12 x 2 mm) and divided into 24 groups considering the factors: \"ceramics\" (LS, FD, and PIC), \"adhesive\" (Ctrl: without adhesive; 2SC: 2-step conventional; 3SC: 3-step conventional; 1SU: 1-step universal), and \"aging\" (non-aged or aged [A]). After the surface treatments, CC cylinders (n = 15, Ø = 2 mm; height = 2 mm) were made and half of the samples were subjected to thermocycling (10,000) and stored in water at 37°C for 18 months. The samples were submitted to SBS testing (100 kgf, 1 mm/min) and failure analysis. Extra samples were prepared for microscopic analysis of the adhesive interface. SBS (MPa) data was analyzed by 3-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (5%). Weibull analysis was performed on the SBS data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All factors and interactions were significant for SBS (p<0.05). Before aging, there was no significant difference between the tested groups and the respective control groups. After aging, the LS_1SU (22.18 ± 7.74) and LS_2SC (17.32 ± 5.86) groups exhibited significantly lower SBS than did the LS_Ctrl (30.30 ± 6.11). Only the LS_1SU group showed a significant decrease in SBS after aging vs without aging. The LS_1SU (12.20) group showed the highest Weibull modulus, which was significantly higher than LS_2SC_A (2.82) and LS_1SU_A (3.15) groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No type of adhesive applied after silane benefitted the long-term adhesion of silica-based ceramics to CC in comparison to the groups without adhesive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"125-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Renato Quirino Ramos, Ben Mercelis, Mohammed H Ahmed, Marleen Peumans, Guilherme Carpena Lopes, Bart Van Meerbeek
{"title":"Bonding of Composite Cements Containing 10-MDP to Zirconia Ceramics Without Dedicated Ceramic Primer.","authors":"Renato Quirino Ramos, Ben Mercelis, Mohammed H Ahmed, Marleen Peumans, Guilherme Carpena Lopes, Bart Van Meerbeek","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b5362103","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b5362103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To measure zirconia-to-zirconia microtensile bond strength (µTBS) using composite cements with and without primer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two Initial Zirconia UHT (GC) sticks (1.8x1.8x5.0 mm) were bonded using four cements with and without their respective manufacturer's primer/adhesive (G-CEM ONE [GOne] and G-Multi Primer, GC; Panavia V5 [Pv5]), and Panavia SA Cement Universal [PSAu], and Clearfil Ceramic Plus, Kuraray Noritake; RelyX Universal (RXu) and Scotchbond Universal Plus [SBUp], 3M Oral Care). Specimens were trimmed to an hour-glass shaped specimen whose isthmus is circular in cross-section. After 1-week water storage, the specimens were either tested immediately (1-week μTBS) or first subjected to 50,000 thermocycles (50kTC-aged μTBS). The fracture mode was categorized as either adhesive interfacial failure, cohesive failure in composite cement, or mixed failure, followed by SEM fracture analysis of selected specimens. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects statistics (α = 0.05; variables: composite cement, primer/adhesive application, aging).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The statistical analysis revealed no significant differences with aging (p = 0.3662). No significant difference in µTBS with/without primer and aging was recorded for GOne and PSAu. A significantly higher µTBS was recorded for Pv5 and RXu when applied with their respective primer/adhesive. Comparing the four composite cements when they were applied in the manner that resulted in their best performance, a significant difference in 50kTC-aged μTBS was found for PSAu compared to Pv5 and RXu. A significant decrease in µTBS upon 50kTC aging was only recorded for RXu in combination with SBUp.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adequate bonding to zirconia requires the functional monomer 10-MDP either contained in the composite cement, in which case a separate 10-MDP primer is no longer needed, or in the separately applied primer/adhesive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"135-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Influence of Contamination and Different Cleaning Methods and the Effect of Plasma Treatment of CoCr Alloy on Tensile Bond Strength to Composite Resin.","authors":"Tuğba Arslan, Sebastian Wille, Matthias Kern","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b5200039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.b5200039","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the influence of contamination and different cleaning methods on resin bonding to cobalt-chro- mium (CoCr) alloy disks.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140602813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sylvia Rejanne Carvalho Lobão, Rammon de Faria Nonato, Pedro Henrique de Aguiar Moreira, Aline Michelle Silva Mendonça, Milena Trovão, Michel Wendlinger Cantanhede Ferreira, Barbara Emanoele Costa Oliveira, Luis Claudio Nascimento da Silva, Letícia Machado Gonçalves, Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas, Viviane Hass, Alessandro D Loguercio, Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo de Siqueira
{"title":"Evaluation of Microbiological Susceptibility and Long-term Adhesive Properties to Dentin of Primers with Terminalia catappa Linn.","authors":"Sylvia Rejanne Carvalho Lobão, Rammon de Faria Nonato, Pedro Henrique de Aguiar Moreira, Aline Michelle Silva Mendonça, Milena Trovão, Michel Wendlinger Cantanhede Ferreira, Barbara Emanoele Costa Oliveira, Luis Claudio Nascimento da Silva, Letícia Machado Gonçalves, Andres Felipe Millan Cardenas, Viviane Hass, Alessandro D Loguercio, Fabiana Suelen Figuerêdo de Siqueira","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b5199073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.b5199073","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the antibacterial effects of Terminalia catappa Linn (TCL) leaf extracts at different concentrations and the effects of these extracts used as primers on the long-term adhesive properties of two universal adhesives.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"250 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmad M El-Ma'aita, Heba Radwan, Mohammad A Al-Rabab'ah
{"title":"Deep Margin Elevation - A Retrospective Clinical Study.","authors":"Ahmad M El-Ma'aita, Heba Radwan, Mohammad A Al-Rabab'ah","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b5199089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3290/j.jad.b5199089","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the short- to mid-term restorative and periodontal outcome of deep margin elevation (DME) performed using resin composite.","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140575553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Surface Textures Created Using Additive Manufacturing on Shear Bond Strength Between Resin and Zirconia.","authors":"Kang Dai, Jiang Wu, Hai Yu, Zhe Zhao, Bo Gao","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b5053367","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b5053367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This investigation aimed to assess the impact of additive manufacturing-generated surface textures on zirconia bond strength.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Zirconia samples (n = 144) fabricated using digital light-processing (DLP) technology were categorized into 6 groups according to the type of surface conditioning (group NN: no designs, no air abrasion; group NY: no designs, with air abrasion; group GN: groove designs, no air abrasion; group GY: groove designs with air abrasion; group HN: hexagon grid, no air abrasion; group HY: hexagon grid, with air abrasion). Composite resin cylinders were cemented to the treated zirconia surfaces with dual-curing, self-adhesive resin cement (Clearfil SA Luting). The shear bond strength (SBS) was tested after water storage for 3 days or 3 days with an additional 10,000 thermocycles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The zirconia samples fabricated using DLP technology have high accuracy. The SBS of the NY, GY, and HY groups did not significantly differ after 3 days, and neither did the SBS of the NN, GN, and HN groups. The NN, NY, and HY groups exhibited reduced SBS compared to their initial values following artificial aging, while the SBS of the remaining three groups were not diminished. The GY group obtained the highest SBS value after aging.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Printing grooves with air abrasion can improve the bond strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"79-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140095468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"75 Years Ago: Discovery of Resin Adhesion to Acid-etched Enamel - A Comparison of the 1949 and 1955 Methods.","authors":"Hans Jörg Staehle, Caroline Sekundo","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b5057135","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b5057135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This paper describes previously unknown details about the discovery of resin adhesion to acid-etched human enamel.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A literature review was performed through manual assessments. Primary sources revealing the discovery of resin curing on etched enamel were analyzed considering the research objectives and methodological procedure during that era, including the type of teeth used, preparatory measures, acid-etching process, type of resin and its application, and follow-up observations. Additionally, the political and economic contexts were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 1949, acid etching was found to promote adhesion with acrylic resin, a finding described again in 1955. The 1949 studies utilized nitric acid for enamel etching and the acrylate resin Paladon from the Kulzer company (Germany). Conversely, the 1955 investigations employed phosphoric acid and an unnamed acrylate, likely a self-curing resin supported by Kulzer in the late 1930s. Disparities in the 1949 and 1955 findings can be ascribed to varying objectives and test conditions amidst a turbulent political backdrop, significantly impacting the Kulzer company.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The discovery of resin adhesion to acid-etched enamel, approaching its 75th anniversary in 2024, is a landmark in 20th-century adhesive dentistry. Paladon represents a pioneering compound, exemplifying the influence of political, ideological, and economic factors on scientific advancements during that period.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"87-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140095467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chi-Hung Chen, Kuan-Han Lee, Ching-Chih Wei, Po-Yen Lin, Wan-Chuen Liao, Chih-Wen Chi, Alex S L Fok, Yu-Chih Chiang
{"title":"Effect of a 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl Dihydrogen Phosphate-treated Bioceramic Sealer on the Bond Strength of an Endodontic Fiber Post: Multilayer Composite Disk Models and Ultra-highspeed Imaging Analysis.","authors":"Chi-Hung Chen, Kuan-Han Lee, Ching-Chih Wei, Po-Yen Lin, Wan-Chuen Liao, Chih-Wen Chi, Alex S L Fok, Yu-Chih Chiang","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b4997329","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b4997329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Multiple materials are found in the root canal after fiber-post cementation. The layer of a bioceramic-based (BC) sealer may affect the bond strength (σBS) of the fiber post in the root canal. The purpose of this study was to employ multilayer composite-disk models in diametral compression to investigate whether the bond strength between a fiber post and root dentin can be increased by the application of a primer on the BC sealer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The multilayers of materials in the root canal required 3D finite-element (FE) stress analyses (FEA) to provide precise σBS values. First, BC sealer was characterized using x-ray powder diffraction (XRD) to determine when the sealer completely set and the types of crystals formed to select which primer to apply to the sealer. We selected a 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP)-based primer to treat the BC sealer before post cementation. Ultra-highspeed (UHS) imaging was utilized to analyze the crack initiation interface. The obtained failure force was used in FE analysis to calculate σBS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UHS imaging validated the fracture interface at the post-dentin junction as FEA simulations predicted. σBS values of the fiber posts placed with various material combinations in the root canal were 21.1 ± 3.4 (only cement/ post), 22.2 ± 3.4 (BC sealer/cement/post) and 28.6 ± 4.3 MPa (10-MDP primer treated BC sealer/cement/post). The 10-MDP-treated BC sealer exhibited the highest σBS (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The multilayer composite disk model proved reliable with diametral compression testing. The presence of BC sealer in the root canal does not reduce σBS of the fiber post. Conditioning the BC sealer layer with 10-MDP primer before fiber-post cemen-tation increases σBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"65-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuliang Tang, Mohammed H Ahmed, Kumiko Yoshihara, Marleen Peumans, Bart Van Meerbeek
{"title":"Multi-Parameter Characterization of HEMA/BPA-free 1- and 2-step Universal Adhesives Bonded to Dentin.","authors":"Chuliang Tang, Mohammed H Ahmed, Kumiko Yoshihara, Marleen Peumans, Bart Van Meerbeek","doi":"10.3290/j.jad.b4949669","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.jad.b4949669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the bonding effectiveness of two HEMA/BPA-free universal adhesives (UAs) to flat dentin, to characterize their adhesive-dentin interfacial ultrastructure, and to measure their water sorption (Wsp), water solubility (Wsl), and hydrophobicity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The immediate and aged (50,000 thermocycles) microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to flat dentin of the HEMA/BPA-free UAs Healbond Max (HbMax; Elsodent) and Healbond MP (HbMP; Elsodent) as well as the reference adhesives OptiBond FL (Opti-FL; Kerr), Clearfil SE Bond 2 (C-SE2; Kuraray Noritake), and Scotchbond Universal (SBU; 3M Oral Care) was measured. The adhesive-dentin interfaces of HbMax and HbMP were characterized by TEM. Wsp and Wsl of all adhesive resins and of the primer/adhesive resin mixtures of HbMax, Opti-FL, and C-SE2 were measured. Hydrophobicity was determined by measuring the contact angle of water dropped on adhesive-treated dentin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In terms of µTBS, HbMax and HbMP performed statistically similarly to Opti-FL and C-SE2, but outperformed SBU. Aging only significantly reduced the μTBS of SBU when applied in E&R bonding mode. TEM revealed typical E&R and SE hybrid-layer ultrastructures at dentin, while electron-lucent globules of unknown origin, differing in size and shape, were observed within the adhesive resin of HbMP and even more frequently in that of HbMax. Higher Wsp was measured for the primer/adhesive resin mixtures than for the adhesive resins. Opti-FL was more hydrophobic than all other adhesives tested.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HEMA/BPA-free UAs bonded durably to flat dentin with bond strengths comparable to those of the gold-standard E&R/SE adhesives and superior to that of the HEMA/BPA-containing 1-step UA.</p>","PeriodicalId":94234,"journal":{"name":"The journal of adhesive dentistry","volume":"26 1","pages":"41-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139704321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}