Research quarterly for exercise and sport最新文献

{"title":"The Reliability of a Single-Trial Measurement of Maximal Accumulated Oxygen Deficit Determined via Perceptually-Regulated Exercise.","authors":"Mark Glaister, Adam Liddell, Kate Estlea","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2023.2265441","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2023.2265441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of a single-trial determination of maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) achieved via the aid of perceptually-regulated incremental exercise. <b>Methods</b>: 14 trained male cyclists (age: 45 ± 8 yrs; height: 1.82 ± 0.06 m; mass: 79.7 ± 6.7 kg; <math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mo>˙</mo></mover><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msub></mrow></math>: 4.09 ± 0.57 L·min<sup>-1</sup>) performed three trials of a submaximal incremental cycling test followed by a test to exhaustion at 116% of predicted <math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mo>˙</mo></mover><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msub></mrow></math>. The intensity for each stage of the incremental test was regulated by participants to elicit perceived exertion levels of 9-15 on the Borg (6-20) scale. Linear regression was used to estimate <math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mo>˙</mo></mover><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msub></mrow></math> at a perceived exertion level of 19. MAOD was calculated from the difference between predicted and actual oxygen demand in the test to exhaustion, reported in oxygen equivalents (O<sub>2</sub> eq). A separate incremental test was used to measure <math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mo>˙</mo></mover><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msub></mrow></math> directly. <b>Results</b>: Correlation coefficients between perceived exertion and <math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mo>˙</mo></mover><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math> across trials were strong (<i>r</i> ≥0.99), and there were no between-trial differences in predicted <math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mo>˙</mo></mover><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msub></mrow></math> (4.03 ± 1.04, 3.76 ± 0.53, and 3.69 ± 0.64 L·min<sup>-1</sup>, respectively; <i>p</i> = .142) or MAOD (2.75 ± 2.28, 2.50 ± 1.53, and 2.93 ± 1.40 L O<sub>2</sub> eq, respectively; <i>p</i> = .633). Nevertheless, the coefficients of variation for predicted <math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mo>˙</mo></mover><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msub></mrow></math> (14.2%) and MAOD (142.8%) were poor. <b>Conclusions</b>: The prediction of <math><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mo>˙</mo></mover><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mrow><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></mrow></mrow></msub></mrow></math> from perceptually-regulated exercise displays a level of test-retest reliability which prevents its use as a means of evaluating M","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49686897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Capacities and Combat Performance Characteristics of Male and Female Olympic Boxers.","authors":"Matheus Hausen, Lee Taylor, Flavio Bachini, Raul Freire, Glauber Pereira, Alex Itaborahy","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2325683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2024.2325683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>: The study characterized the anthropometrical and cardiorespiratory profile, and the cardiorespiratory, bio-chemical and immunological responses to 3 × 3 min round (R) free-contact/combat boxing simulation, in elite Olympic Boxers (4 female and 10 male). <b>Methods</b>: The evaluation consisted of resting metabolic rate, anthropometric measurement, maximal graded test exercise (visit 1), free combat simulation (3 × 3 min R, 1 minute rest), and blood samples collected before, during and after the combat (visit 2). <b>Results</b>: Respectively, females and males had (mean±SD; or median: for non-parametric data) body fat percentage (17.2[3.5] and 4.6[0.8]%), predominantly mesomorphic somatotyping, and <math><mrow><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mrow><mi>O</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>MAX</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math> (50.0 ± 2.5 and 56.2 ± 5.2 ml.kg^-1.min^-1). The free combat simulation resulted in high cardiovascular strain [mean heart rate corresponding to R1: 92 ± 3; R2: 94 ± 2; and R3: 95 ± 2% of maximal HR] and blood chemistry indicative of acidosis (following R3: 7.21 ± 0.08 pH, bicarbonate 13.1 ± 3.6 mmol.L^-1, carbon dioxide 13.9 ± 3.8 mmol.L^-1, lactate 15.1 ± 3.8 mmol.L^-1, and glucose 8.4 ± 1.3 mmol.L^-1). Further, notable general catabolism, hematological and immune responses were evident post combat simulation (1-hour post R3: creatinine 95.2 ± 14.5 µmol.L^-1, urea 6.4 ± 1.3 mmol.L^-1, white blood cell accumulation 7.8 ± 2.6 × 10⁹.L^-1, hemoglobin 14.9 ± 0.8 g.dL^-1 and hematocrit 43.7 ± 1.9%). <b>Conclusions</b>: Notable cardiovascular strain and acidosis are seen from the 3 × 3 free combat simulation whilst pronounced catabolism and immune responses are evident 1-hour post R3. This characterization is the first in male and female (who recently adopted the 3 × 3 min R format, as used by males) elite Olympic boxers and provides a characterization framework to assist practitioners and athletes in their attempts to deliver evidence-informed practice for specific conditioning session design.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability Requires Many Faces of Support.","authors":"Shannon C Mulhearn, Pamela H Kulinna","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2338871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2024.2338871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>: This study focused on the sustainability of a school-wide health behavior intervention in rural schools in the Southwestern US. Informed by the seven premises of Theories of Action with Merit, the purpose of this study was to investigate which portion(s) of a five-year, school-wide health behavior intervention were still in practice (i.e. sustainable), and why they were maintained following the removal of funding and resources for the program. <b>Method</b>: Teachers (<i>N</i> = 41) participated in individual, semi-structured interviews during which they shared what aspects of the original intervention were retained as part of personal classroom practices or of the school culture. Teachers reflected on facilitators and barriers to the sustainability of these practices. Data also included field notes from campus visits. To establish trustworthiness, data triangulation (interview transcripts, survey results, and field notes) provided multiple angles of analysis, and two researchers negotiated all themes. <b>Results</b>: Using the premises of the Theories of Action with Merit, teachers' comments often circulated around themes of administrative support and personal investment/interest in healthy behaviors. Additional themes of sustainability included feeling capable and physical activity being the \"norm\" at their school. <b>Conclusions</b>: Teachers' personal beliefs and self-efficacy in physical literacy held the highest importance in sustaining classroom healthy behavior practices as opposed to the district or state expectations for healthy behaviors. Administrator support was key to whole-school integration and sustainability of practices, however, teachers described evidence of support differently suggesting administrators need awareness of how messages of support are being translated.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inter-Segment Coordination of Male and Female Collegiate Ice Hockey Players During Forward Skating Starts.","authors":"Caitlin M Mazurek, David J Pearsall, Philippe J Renaud, Shawn M Robbins","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2337936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2024.2337936","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>: Coordination in ice hockey skating has been minimally investigated, particularly in females. The objective was to compare lower-extremity inter-segment coordination of collegiate male and female ice hockey players during forward skating starts. <b>Methods</b>: 3D kinematic data were collected on collegiate male (<i>n</i> = 9) and female (<i>n</i> = 10) participants during accelerative steps. Continuous relative phase (CRP) was calculated for shank-<i>sagittal</i>/thigh-<i>sagittal</i>, shank-<i>sagittal</i>/thigh-<i>frontal</i>, and foot-<i>sagittal</i>/shank-<i>sagittal</i> segment pairs across 2.5 strides on each side. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted features of greatest variability of the CRP and relationships between principal components and sex were investigated using hierarchical linear model. <b>Results</b>: Males demonstrated more out-of-phase coordination (higher CRP) for side one (<i>p</i> = .01) and side two (<i>p</i> < .01) shank-<i>sagittal</i>/thigh-<i>sagittal</i> as well as side one shank-<i>sagittal</i>/thigh-<i>frontal</i> (<i>p</i> < .01) segment pairs throughout each step. Females demonstrated a greater change in CRP from late stance/early swing to late swing/early stance on side two for shank-<i>sagittal</i>/thigh-<i>frontal</i> segments (<i>p</i> < .01). For side two shank-<i>sagittal</i>/thigh-<i>frontal</i> segments, faster males utilized more out-of-phase coordination throughout each step whereas faster females utilized more in-phase coordination (<i>p</i> < .01). <b>Conclusion</b>: Males and females may employ different coordinative strategies to achieve faster skating speeds. Males tend to utilize more out-of-phase coordination of the shank and thigh throughout strides, although coordinative differences of the shank and foot were not found between sexes. Further investigation is needed to examine the relationship between lower limb strength and coordination as well as the effect of targeted training protocols on lower extremity coordinative patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141083027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Pedagogical Approach on Physical Activity of Girls During Physical Education.","authors":"R Breed, A Kay, M Spittle, D Orth","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2329165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2024.2329165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Technical approaches (TAs) such as Direct Instruction are commonly utilized when teaching games in Physical Education (PE) classes, but game-based approaches (GBAs) such as Game Sense (GS) have gained greater interest over the past 30 years. However, little is known about which approach promotes more physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to compare the PA of girls during single-gender PE classes in an invasion games unit utilizing either a GS approach or a TA. <b>Methods:</b> Two upper primary school PE classes were taught invasion games using a GS approach and two classes were taught using a TA. During each of the 7 lessons students wore a wearable GPS sensor (SPT2, Sport Performance Tracking, Australia) which measured total distance, distance in each speed zone, top speed and 3D load. <b>Results:</b> The GS group traveled a greater distance than the TA group (+203 m, <i>p</i> < .001). This result was explained mostly by a greater distance covered in zone 2 speeds (0.6-1.7 m/s). The 3D load was also significantly higher in the GS group, but there were no group differences in top speed. <b>Conclusions:</b> Findings suggested that a GS thematic invasion unit was more effective in promoting PA levels in all-girl primary PE classes than a traditional sport-based invasion unit.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141077523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Evaluation of Physical Fitness in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis in the Era of CFTR-Modulating-Therapies.","authors":"Matthias Welsner, Wolfgang Gruber, Christopher Blosch, Cordula Koerner-Rettberg, Folke Brinkmann, Stefanie Dillenhoefer, Sivagurunathan Sutharsan, Christian Taube, Uwe Mellies, Margarete Olivier, Florian Stehling","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2320234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2024.2320234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Maintaining physical fitness plays an important role in the management of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Longitudinal data on the course of physical fitness and the potential impact of the introduction of highly effective CFTR modulator therapy with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) in adult pwCF are scarce. <b>Methods:</b> Health-related and skill-related components of physical fitness were assessed using an incremental cycle test (Wpeak), plus forward bend (FB), prone bent knee hip extension (HE), plank leg raise (PLR), standing long jump (SLJ), and standing on one leg (OLS). Relevant disease-specific clinical data (body mass index [BMI] and forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1]) were recorded. <b>Results:</b> Twenty-eight adult pwCF (age 26.0 ± 7.8 years) were followed over 5.6 ± 0.9 years; 21 started ETI therapy during this period. Significant improvements from baseline were noted in BMI (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and health-related fitness components (HE, <i>p</i> = 0.002; PLR, <i>p</i> = < 0.001), whereas Wpeak and FB remained stable over time (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). Skill-related components (SLJ, OLS) showed no change (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed significant improvements in BMI, FEV1, and health-related fitness measures of muscular strength and endurance (HE, <i>p</i> = 0.009; PLR, <i>p</i> < 0.001) only in pwCF using ETI. <b>Conclusion:</b> Despite the improvements, the impact of ETI on the individual parameters was small. Other factors than implementation of ETI alone need to be considered on the way to a high level of physical fitness in adult pwCF.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RESEARCH PROGRAMAn ^F denotes Fellow status in SHAPE America as of December 2023.A ¹ denotes the presenter is also an abstract author.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2313960","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2313960","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full Issue PDF, Volume 95, Supplement 1.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2313956","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2313956","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Re)defining Motor Competence: Empirical Exploration Based on a Moderated Mediation Approach.","authors":"Manuel Segura-Berges, Carlos Peñarrubia-Lozano, Juan Carlos Bustamante","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2319589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2024.2319589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>: The aim of the study was to empirically support a broader motor competence moderated mediation approach in which motor coordination is the predictor variable and motor competence self-perception is the outcome variable, anxiety and self-esteem are mediator variables, and gender is the moderator variable. <b>Method</b>: 327 year-4 Primary Education pupils participated. A conditional processes analysis was performed by macro PROCESS v.3.4. <b>Results</b>: For the moderation effects, interactions appeared between motor coordination and gender when taking self-esteem, anxiety and motor competence self-perception as outcome variables. Interactions were found between self-esteem and gender when anxiety and motor competence self-perception were taken as outcome variables. An interaction appeared between anxiety and gender when motor competence self-perception was considered an outcome variable. A significant direct effect was noted between the motor coordination variable and motor competence self-perception for both genders. The moderated mediation indices supported the indirect conditional effects of motor coordination when partially and jointly bearing in mind the moderator effect of gender on motor competence self-perception by means of self-esteem and anxiety. <b>Conclusions</b>: The results reveal the importance of understanding motor competence by more globally contemplating not only students' motor learning, but also their cognitive and psycho-emotional reality.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REVIEW PANEL CHAIRS AND REVIEWERSThe Review Panel Chairs (RPCs) are listed immediately under each topic area. The abstract and symposium reviewers for each area then follow. An ^F denotes Fellow status in SHAPE America as of December 2023.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2313961","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2313961","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140029916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}