Progress in cardiovascular diseases最新文献

{"title":"Learning from the roundtable on obesity solutions experiences: A 10-year anniversary point of view.","authors":"Nicolaas P Pronk, William H Dietz, Christina D Economos, Ihuoma Eneli, Ross Arena","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Roundtable on Obesity Solutions (ROOS), established in 2014, is a unique organization of multisectoral voices addressing the public health challenge of obesity. The ROOS brings together practitioners, researchers, funders, companies, health systems, government agencies, and the lived experience to dialogue and guide the national conversation about the multilevel challenges and opportunities related to obesity. This paper presents insights and key learnings from a symposium developed to celebrating the 10th Anniversary of the ROOS. The first six years (2014-2019) of the ROOS marked a period in which dialogue was initiated, multi-sectoral perspectives were captured, and important viewpoints were deliberated and published. In 2020, the ROOS engaged in a strategic planning process enabled by systems science that ultimately resulted in the creation of a roadmap focused on drivers and solutions of obesity. This roadmap generated an agenda focused on upstream social and structural drivers of obesity with an emphasis on the integration of equity, gaps, strategies, and the lived experience. Three main priorities identified in this roadmap included structural racism, social norms, and health communications. Based on this work, the ROOS has had significant impact in the areas of equity, weight stigma, and the lived experience. Much work remains. To date, obesity solutions available for prevention and treatment have been vastly underutilized. Future directions should: 1) include increasing access to effective prevention and treatment options; 2) a focus on how best to implement new technologies in obesity prevention and care; 3) addressing issues of equity, literacy, and stigma that remain unresolved; and 4) leveraging the influence of regional cultures, policies, and social norms. We hope that insights gained over the previous 10 years will inspire another decade of impact for the ROOS.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143026217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Activity Quotient and cause-specific mortality - A prospective cohort study of 0.5 million participants in Asia.","authors":"Jackson Pui Man Wai, Chi Pang Wen, Min Kuang Tsai, Chien Hua Chen, Jun-Han Lee, Ta-Wei David Chu, Hong Yi Chiou, Christopher Wen, Atefe R Tari, Ulrik Wisløff, Javaid Nauman","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regular physical activity (PA) is important for reducing the risk of chronic diseases and improving overall health. Activity Quotient (AQ) is a novel metric that translates heart rate during PA into a weekly score, providing an objective measure of an individual's PA. We prospectively examined the association of AQ with cancer and cardiovascular (CVD) mortality outcomes, the two major causes of death, in a Taiwanese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 515,608 healthy adults (52 % women) enrolled in a standard medical screening program was followed for mortality outcomes. The weekly AQ score of each participant was estimated based on self-reported PA intensity and weekly duration, and placed into six categories (0, ≤50, 51-99,100-149, 150-199, or ≥ 200 AQ per week). We used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for potential confounders to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher weekly AQ scores were associated with lower risks of CVD, cancer, and all-cause mortalities. Compared with inactive individuals, HRs (CI) for the association of AQ scores of ≤50, 50-99, 100-149, 150-199, and ≥ 200 were 0.93 (0.89-0.97), 0.91 (0.85-0.96), 0.84 (0.77-0.91), 0.84 (0.74-0.96), and 0.81 (0.73-0.90) with cancer mortality; and 0.88 (0.83-0.93), 0.86 (0.80-0.93), 0.81 (0.73-0.90), 0.71 (0.60-0.85), and 0.73 (0.64-0.84) with CVD mortality, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that meeting 50 AQ a week was associated with lower risk of disease specific mortality risk across age groups and among individuals with known risk factors. Higher weekly AQ scores were also associated with longer life expectancy, with the highest gains observed among those achieving 150-199 weekly AQ.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings show that AQ may be an objective tool for assessing and tracking PA and predicting mortality risks. Encouraging individuals to achieve ≥50 AQ a week could have substantial public health benefits, including lower mortality from major chronic diseases as well as prolonged health- and life expectancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global longitudinal strain as an early marker of cardiac damage after cardiotoxic medications, a state of the art review.","authors":"Andrea Sartorio, Luca Cristin, Chiara Dal Pont, Afshin Farzaneh-Far, Simone Romano","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ejection fraction (EF) is the principal parameter used clinically to assess cardiac function and provides prognostic information. However, significant myocardial damage can be present despite preserved EF. Recently, the measurement of left ventricle (LV) deformation by global longitudinal strain (GLS) has been introduced as a novel early marker of cardiac dysfunction. Cardiotoxicity is a frequent side effect of several drugs most notably those used in the treatment of cancer. Although oncology drugs remain the best known cardiotoxic medications, many other drugs can potentially affect LV function. The early recognition of LV dysfunction due to cardiotoxicity is important and of increasing clinical relevance particularly with the rapid pace of development of new drugs. The aim of our review is to provide an overview of the current literature regarding utility of GLS to assess drug-induced myocardial damage. We propose that GLS is a sensitive early marker of myocardial dysfunction associated with the use of certain medications with high risk of cardiotoxicity. Thus, the use of this technique can potentially alert the clinician to myocardial toxicity before reductions in EF are seen.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cigarette smoke extract induces p38-mediated expression and ROS/rho-mediated translocation of alpha 2C adrenoceptor in human microvascular smooth muscle cells.","authors":"Manal M Fardoun, Ayah Matar, Maha Khachab, Ali H Dakroub, Ali H Eid","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) is a vascular disease characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in response to stressors, mainly cold and emotional stress. This vasoconstriction is mediated solely by alpha 2C-adrenoceptors (α_2C-AR) expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells of dermal arterioles. Several factors, among which is cigarette smoking, are associated with aggravated symptoms of and increased risk for RP. Evidence shows that cigarette smoking induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is a major driver of RP pathogenesis. However, the exact mechanism by which smoking contributes to RP or α_2C-AR remains unclear. Here, we show that cigarette smoke extract (CSE) upregulates the expression of α_2C-AR in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in VSMCs extracted from human dermal arterioles. This increase is associated with the activation of p38 MAPK, as pretreatment with SB-202190, a p38 specific inhibitor, attenuated CSE-induced α_2C-AR expression. Furthermore, our results show that CSE induces ROS production followed by increased RhoA activation. We also show that CSE induces translocation of vascular α_2C-AR to the plasma membrane, and that this mobilization is attenuated by inhibiting ROS via N-acetylcysteine or apocynin. Similarly, inhibition of Rho kinase via H- 11522 abolished CSE-induced α_2C-AR translocation. Collectively, these results indicate that CSE activates two different signaling pathways to induce the expression and the translocation of α_2C-AR. While CSE activates a p38-dependent mechanism to increase α_2C-AR expression, it initiates the receptor's spatial and functional rescue via a ROS/RhoA signaling pathway. These results provide mechanistic insight into the effect of cigarette smoking on RP, and further reinforce that smoking avoidance/cessation is critical to manage this disease, especially in the absence of a definitive drug for RP.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications of percutaneous coronary intervention.","authors":"Ahmed Al-Ogaili, Gauravpal S Gill, Emmanouil S Brilakis","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. In-depth understanding of the mechanisms and management options of these complications as well as timely recognition and action can sometimes be lifesaving. In this review we discuss the mechanisms, prevention methods, diagnosis, and management of three major PCI complications: a) perforation b) acute vessel closure, and c) equipment loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The complex role of cardiovascular imaging in viability testing.","authors":"Zachariah Nealy, Shuo Wang, Amit R Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myocardial viability assessment is used to determine if chronically dysfunctional myocardium may benefit from coronary revascularization. Cardiac magnetic resonance with late gadolinium enhancement is the current gold standard for visualizing myocardial scar and provides valuable insight into myocardial viability. Viability assessments can also be made with Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography, Echocardiography, Single Photon Emission Tomography, and Cardiac Computed Tomography with each having advantages and disadvantages. Despite the classical interpretation that viability predicts segmental functional improvement, more recent studies have found that revascularization of viable myocardium has conflicting roles in predicting benefits for patients, especially as it relates to major adverse cardiovascular events, development of heart failure symptoms, and all-cause mortality. This review covers these conflicts along with an in-depth review of the pathophysiologic processes that are fundamental to myocardial viability and the various methods used for determining viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary artery disease and percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with severe chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Doosup Shin, Keyvan Karimi Galougahi, Mandeep Singh, Emma Caron, Matthew Cannata, Yasemin Ciftcikal, Misha Gujja, Koshiro Sakai, Jeffrey Moses, Richard Shlofmitz, Karim Al-Azizi, Darshan Doshi, Allen Jeremias, Evan Shlofmitz, Ziad A Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), presenting unique challenges in diagnosis and management. Advanced CKD patients often present with atypical symptoms, and conventional diagnostic and interventional approaches carry risks, including contrast-induced nephropathy and the potential need for renal replacement therapy. These risks have led to the phenomenon of \"renalism,\" where necessary procedures may be deferred due to concerns over renal injury. Emerging techniques, such as ultra-low contrast angiography (ULCA) and zero-contrast percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), offer promising solutions by minimizing or eliminating contrast exposure. This review discusses the clinical presentation of CAD in CKD patients, limitations of traditional diagnostic approaches, and the challenges in managing these high-risk patients. It also provides an overview of ULCA and zero-contrast PCI techniques, which have shown both safety and feasibility even in complex cases. As these techniques continue to evolve, zero-contrast PCI holds the potential to become an essential component of revascularization strategies for high-risk CKD patients, enhancing procedural safety while maintaining therapeutic efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent drug eluting stent, in-stent restenosis (DES-ISR): Epidemiology, pathophysiology & treatment.","authors":"Aashish Gupta, Oscar Maitas, Rajan A G Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery in-stent restenosis (ISR) is driven by neointimal hyperplasia and neo-atherosclerosis in previously placed stents. Drug eluting stents (DES) have been adopted as first line therapy for the initial episode of ISR. However, recurrent ISR has limited durable salvage options. In this article we review the pathophysiology, incidence, and management options of recurrent DES- ISR.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unprotected distal left main percutaneous intervention.","authors":"Imad Bagh, Rajan A G Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Revascularization has been demonstrated to be clearly superior to medical therapy for significant unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease. Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) has a class 1 indication in both the American and European society guidelines for the treatment of LMCA disease. However, for the population of patients who are declined CABG after a heart team evaluation, percutaneous coronary interventional (PCI) may be an efficacious alternative. This review summarizes the data on percutaneous coronary intervention of distal left main coronary artery disease including the various contemporary techniques and associated challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrograde approach to chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary interventions- Technique and outcomes.","authors":"Salman S Allana, Keerthi Gondi, Amit Goyal, Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula","doi":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pcad.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retrograde approach to chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has significantly contributed to the success rates of CTO PCI. It is usually performed in complex CTO lesions, in which the antegrade approach is not feasible or fails. In this article we discuss the steps to perform retrograde CTO PCI and its complications and success rates. Considering the moderate to high success rates of the retrograde approach in the hands of experienced operators and higher complication rates than antegrade only procedures, optimizing the safety of retrograde CTO PCI is of paramount importance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94178,"journal":{"name":"Progress in cardiovascular diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}