McAllister Castelaz, Tessa Heeren, Jennifer E Hartshorn, Pamela C Nwachukwu, Steve M Levy, Julie C Reynolds
{"title":"Perceptions and Experiences With a Virtual Dental Home Teledentistry Program Among Community Health Center and Long-Term Care Facility Staff: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"McAllister Castelaz, Tessa Heeren, Jennifer E Hartshorn, Pamela C Nwachukwu, Steve M Levy, Julie C Reynolds","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Teledentistry, a branch of telehealth, broadens the reach of diagnostic and preventive dental services. The virtual dental home (VDH) addresses barriers for nursing facility residents, offering promise in overcoming challenges. This study explores the experiences and perceptions of a new VDH program among healthcare professionals and allied workers, aiming to determine its perceived value, challenges, and successes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Structured interviews were conducted with current and former employees of a federally qualified health center and long-term care facilities (LTCF) involved in the development, implementation, and maintenance of a VDH. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded to identify perceived common values, challenges, and successes of stakeholders involved in this project.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interviewees indicated transportation was a common barrier to LTCF residents receiving dental treatment and believed participation in the VDH helped improve access to dental care for these individuals. There was a higher than anticipated administrative burden for the community health center participants; notwithstanding, all interviewees indicated an interest in continued participation in this program.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As technology advances and interest in the VDH model grows, ongoing evaluation and improvement are essential. Effective care coordination and comprehensive communication strategies, including designated communication managers, can reduce administrative burdens and support comprehensive care delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rubelisa C G de Oliveira, Hassan Khalid, Grace McKenzie, Laurene Tumiel-Berhalter, Jessica S Kruger
{"title":"Community Engagement Studio as a Strategic Tool for Tailoring a Survey on Dental Care Access Among Adolescents.","authors":"Rubelisa C G de Oliveira, Hassan Khalid, Grace McKenzie, Laurene Tumiel-Berhalter, Jessica S Kruger","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The Community Engagement (CE) Studio aimed to provide feedback on a survey related to dental care access among adolescents. This approach allowed the research team to ensure that the survey integrated both the investigator's perspective and direct input from the community, ensuring the survey was clear, relevant, and accessible to its intended audience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CE Studio is an efficient consultative model for researchers to gain community input on the development, implementation, or dissemination of a research project. The CE Studio was conducted to inform the design of a survey on dental care access, based on the social determinants of health. Parents or caregivers of adolescents with limited access to dental care living in an underresourced area in Buffalo, New York, participated in the session, providing valuable insights and recommendations for the survey's construction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CE Studio participants provided valuable feedback, including suggestions for motivating participation in the survey, changes in demographic questions, and the survey layout. Furthermore, the participants provided new insights into their dental access experiences and barriers to care, leading to additional questions for the survey. Finally, the participants suggested strategies to streamline survey instructions, provided their preferred wording for survey items and recommended how questions should be displayed to future research participants. Overall, 130 edits were made to the original survey, yielding a clearer, more representative, and accessible format.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CE Studios can positively impact the design of recruitment materials, survey materials, and question structures in community-focused dental health research.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trends of Oral Health Status of Older Adults by Immigration Status in the United States: 1999-2018.","authors":"Huabin Luo, Bei Wu, Xiang Qi, Mark E Moss","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examined oral health trends of older immigrants in the US from 1999 to 2018 and disparities between immigrants and non-immigrants across different races/ethnicities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES). Outcome variables were self-reported poor oral health and significant tooth loss (i.e., < 20 permanent teeth). Participants were categorized into three groups as US natives, naturalized citizens, or noncitizen residents. The analytical sample comprised 13,424 older adults (ages 60+), including 10,087 US natives, 2280 naturalized citizens, and 1057 noncitizen residents. We assessed the trends in poor oral health and significant tooth loss across the three groups and conducted analyses stratified by race/ethnicity to examine within-group disparities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1999 to 2018, noncitizen residents consistently showed higher rates of poor oral health and significant tooth loss compared to US natives and naturalized citizens. Multiple logistic regression model results showed that naturalized citizens were less likely (AOR = 0.79, p = 0.03) to report poor oral health. Stratified analyses by racial/ethnic groups showed that among Blacks, naturalized citizens were less likely to report poor oral health (AOR = 0.59, p = 0.02) than Blacks who were born in the US.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While overall oral health improved among older immigrants from 1999 to 2018, oral health disparities persisted, especially between noncitizen residents and US natives. There were significant differences in oral health between Black immigrants and their US-born counterparts. Future research is needed to corroborate these findings and monitor the trend of oral health disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Veteran Status and Oral Health Indicators in Older Men: An Analysis Using the 2016 and 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.","authors":"Victoria Tian, Steffany Chamut, R Monina Klevens","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>US veterans exhibit higher rates of oral disease than nonveterans, affecting their quality of life and systemic disease risk. Regular dental care is essential for preventing tooth loss, especially among older adults. The aim of this study was to assess the association between veteran status, dental visits, and tooth loss among older male Americans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the 2016 and 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) surveys in a national cross-sectional study. The study focused on males aged 65 years and older, using descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses to measure the association between veteran status and having a dental visit < 1 year ago, and the loss of ≥ 6 teeth due to tooth decay or gum disease. The analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, including age, race/ethnicity, and education level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Veterans displayed a higher prevalence and increased odds of tooth loss compared to nonveterans after controlling for race and education. However, there was no difference in recent dental visits based on veteran status. The effect of dental visits on the odds of tooth loss indicated that veterans experienced a stronger protective effect of visits on tooth loss (OR: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.31-0.37) than nonveterans (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.37-0.45).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate a potential opportunity to reduce disparities in tooth loss among older men. Promoting dental care among veterans could mitigate the risk of tooth loss and its subsequent adverse effects on overall systemic and brain health in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144136616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examining the Financial Paradox of Dental Insurance: Higher Out-of-Pocket Costs for Individuals Without Private Health Insurance?","authors":"Travis Loux, Firas Bafegeeh, Echu Liu, Noel Raybon","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study seeks to investigate the relationship between private dental insurance coverage and out-of-pocket expenses among financially vulnerable populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the 2022 Medical Expenditures Panel Survey (MEPS) were analyzed to compare out-of-pocket costs between individuals with and without private dental insurance. Focusing on individuals without private health insurance, MEPS participants with dental insurance are matched to participants without dental insurance using full optimal matching on the propensity score. The outcomes measured include average out-of-pocket dental care costs, incidence of any dental costs, and average out-of-pocket costs among those incurring non-zero dental costs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Matched analyses show higher out-of-pocket costs ($386, 95% CI: -169, 603) and a higher likelihood of utilizing dental care (OR 5.00, 95% CI: 3.62, 6.90) among individuals with private dental care. Higher out-of-pocket costs hold but lose statistical significance when limiting analyses to those with any dental costs ($115, 95% CI: -184, 415).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individuals with private dental care pay more out-of-pocket costs than those without private dental care, even when accounting for confounding demographic and socioeconomic factors. High costs of dental care, with or without insurance, remain a barrier to dental care among those without private health insurance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aachal Devi, Donna Kritz-Silverstein, Lourdes S Martinez, Jerel P Calzo, David R Strong, Kristin S Hoeft, Tracy L Finlayson
{"title":"Factors Associated With Oral Hygiene Practices Among Young Mexican-Identifying Southern Californians.","authors":"Aachal Devi, Donna Kritz-Silverstein, Lourdes S Martinez, Jerel P Calzo, David R Strong, Kristin S Hoeft, Tracy L Finlayson","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine factors associated with oral hygiene behaviors among young Mexican-identifying adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Survey data from 340 Mexican-identifying adults aged 21-40 years residing in US-Mexico border regions in California were analyzed. Outcomes included the frequency of toothbrushing and flossing in the last 7 days. Independent variables included predisposing sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex at birth, marital status, education, place of birth, language preference), predisposing beliefs (perceived oral health importance, self-reported oral health status), enabling factors (dental insurance, usual source of care, dental visit in last year), needs (perceived current dental care need), and external environment (COVID-19 impact). Negative binomial regression analyses examined associations after controlling for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately half the participants were female (57%), single (54%), and preferred Spanish language (48%). Mean participant age was 29.6 ± 5.7 years. Toothbrushing frequency was greater for those who were US-born versus foreign-born (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = 1.16, CI = 1.03-1.28), those who had a dental visit in the past year versus more than a year ago (IRR = 1.15, CI = 1.03-1.28), and higher with increasing oral health importance ratings (IRR = 1.04, CI = 1.01-1.06). Flossing frequency was greater for those who had a past year dental visit versus more than a year ago (IRR = 1.79, CI = 1.37-2.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Improving perceptions of oral health importance and encouraging dental visits could enable increased oral hygiene behaviors among young Mexican-American identifying adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigating the Association Between Parental Paid Sick Leave Benefit and Children's Dental Care Utilization.","authors":"Rashmi Lamsal, Shillpa Naavaal","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this research is to examine the association between paid sick leave (PSL) benefit for employed parents and their child's dental care utilization, including preventive, diagnostic, and treatment services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using pooled data from the 2017-2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we created a dyadic observational unit linking children aged 0-17 years with their parents (n = 7652) specifically focusing on the younger children of employed parents. Descriptive statistics and a multivariate logistic regression model were employed to examine the association between parental PSL benefit and child dental care utilization, accounting for various child and parent level covariates. All analyses were adjusted for complex survey design, and survey weights were used to get national estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-six percent of children had at least one employed parent with PSL benefit in 2017-19. Among them, 44% of children had preventive visits, 45% had diagnostic visits, and 17% had treatment visits. The adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that children with parental PSL benefit had higher odds of having preventive dental visits (odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.38) and diagnostic visits (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.03, 1.41) compared with children without parental PSL benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parental PSL benefit was associated with augmenting the use of preventive and diagnostic dental care visits among children. Collaboration among policymakers, employers, and dental providers is essential to address disparities in children's dental services utilization and support PSL policies for working parents.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mapping the \"X\" Debate: Water Fluoridation Sentiment Analysis With Advanced Machine Learning.","authors":"Nilesh Torwane, Ratilal Lalloo, Diep Ha, Loc Do","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine public sentiment regarding community water fluoridation (CWF) using data from \"X\" (formerly Twitter) over the past decade. The goal was to understand public opinion trends and identify opportunities for targeted public health communication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a sentiment analysis utilizing a natural language processing technique. Specifically, we applied the Sentiment Intensity Analyzer tool to classify tweets related to CWF into negative, positive, or neutral categories. Additionally, a word co-occurrence network analysis was performed to explore key discussion themes. We also compared machine learning models to assess their accuracy in classifying tweet sentiments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of the tweets revealed a balanced distribution of sentiments: 37.4% negative, 34.4% positive, and 28.2% neutral. Peaks in public engagement occurred between 2015 and 2016, with a subsequent decline after 2018. Sentiment spikes were often associated with significant events, including policy changes and media coverage. The word co-occurrence network highlighted recurring themes related to safety and dental health. Among the machine learning models evaluated, Logistic Regression demonstrated the highest accuracy in sentiment classification.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the polarized nature of public sentiment toward CWF and the temporal fluctuations in public engagement. These insights can inform public health policymakers in developing timely, targeted communication strategies. Specifically, efforts to engage neutral audiences through transparent messaging and counter misinformation during key periods may strengthen public trust in CWF. The application of machine learning in this analysis underscores its value in enhancing real-time monitoring and supporting evidence-based public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leah I Leinbach, Xiaobai Li, Timothy Iafolla, Hosam Alraqiq
{"title":"Pharmacologic Management of Non-Traumatic Dental Conditions in US Emergency Departments, 2018-2022.","authors":"Leah I Leinbach, Xiaobai Li, Timothy Iafolla, Hosam Alraqiq","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examines opioid and antibiotic prescribing by United States emergency departments (EDs) for non-traumatic dental conditions (NTDCs) between 2018 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary analysis of nationally representative ED visits using the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) with an NTDC as the primary discharge diagnosis. Descriptive statistics and odds ratios using chi-squared testing and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine analgesic and antibiotic prescriptions, as well as patient, visit, and hospital characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 1,838,729 weighted ED visits for NTDCs between 2018 and 2022, 1.3% of all visits. Findings demonstrate a continued decline in NTDC visits resulting in an opioid, with an increase in those with non-opioids. Overall, 25% of NTDC visits included an opioid analgesic in 2022, compared to 33% in 2018. The proportion of visits with non-opioid analgesics increased over the study period; nearly 60% of NTDCs seen in 2020 included a non-opioid analgesic. Overall, 63% included an antibiotic, with the highest proportion observed in 2020 (70%). No increase in the proportion of ED visits for NTDCs was seen between the pandemic years (2020-2022) and the pre-pandemic period (2018-2019).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antibiotics and non-opioid analgesics were a common approach used by ED providers during the pandemic years. Opioid prescriptions for NTDCs declined between 2018 and 2022, while antibiotic prescriptions remained roughly stable. Reducing avoidable opioid and antibiotic prescriptions, and more broadly ED visits for NTDCs, requires a comprehensive approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Sheen, Parth Shah, Tracy L Finlayson, Patricia A Braun, Nadia Laniado
{"title":"Positive Parent-Child Interaction and Children's Oral Health: Findings From the National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), 2020-2021.","authors":"Alex Sheen, Parth Shah, Tracy L Finlayson, Patricia A Braun, Nadia Laniado","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The role of family relationships in oral health care management for children has received increasing attention as health systems and policy makers seek to improve outcomes and decrease disparities by addressing the social determinants of oral health. The aim of this study was to examine the association of positive parent-child interaction, represented by two age-specific objectives from Healthy People 2030, with oral health problems and unmet oral health needs in children ages 1-17 years in the U.S. from 2020 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, population-based study analyzed 83,977 children ages 1-17 years from the National Survey of Children's Health, 2020-2021. The exposure variable, parent-child interaction, and the two outcome variables, oral health problems and unmet oral health need, were measured using parent/caregiver survey responses. Weighted simple and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Final models were adjusted for demographic characteristics as well as parental, household, and neighborhood factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children from families who experience positive parent-child interaction had 25% lower odds of having any oral health problems (OR 0.75; 95% CI, 0.68-0.83) compared with children who did not experience positive parent-child interaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Experiencing positive parent-child interaction was associated with lower odds of children having any oral health problems. Future investigation to explore the specific mechanisms through which positive parent-child interaction is associated with children's oral health is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":94108,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}