Journal of public health (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"Sexual and reproductive health knowledge and behaviors and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among adolescents and young adults from Angola.","authors":"Sandra Aixut, Esperanza Esteban, Joan Martínez-Campreciós, Paula Regina Oliveira, Freddy Gómez-Martínez, Diana Martín-García, Domingos Luwawa, Edilson Canõma, Eugenia Neves, Nataniel Chinjengue, Fernando Quilezi, Osvaldo Lueto, Naquarta Gomes, Raquel Iglesias, Pedro Bala, Vicente Descalzo, Inés Oliveira, Olatz Larrea, Eva López Guerrero, Israel Molina, Maria Luisa Aznar","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>There is little information on sexual and reproductive health knowledge (SRHK) and practices in Angola and no data on the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections. The objective of this study was to assess the SRHK and behaviors, and estimate the prevalence of four sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents and young adults from 4 municipalities in Benguela province, Angola prior to an educational intervention.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional study to assess SRHK and sexual behavior using a structured questionnaire among adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 25 years old from two urban and two rural municipalities of Benguela province. We also evaluated the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis using rapid tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1400 youths were included in the study. Overall, 818 (58.4%) participants had adequate SRHK. Urban origin [odds ratio (OR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35-2.04], older age (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.09-1.20), being female (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.57-2.71) and having journals and internet as the main sources of information (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.00-1.86 and OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.69-3.21, respectively) were significantly associated to a good SRHK in the multivariate analysis. Four hundred and fifty-three [45.9% of those who have had sexual intercourse (n = 986)] reported risky sexual behavior. We observed that risky sexual behavior was associated with male gender (OR 2.89 95% CI 2.13-3.92, P< .001). Prevalence of STI was: 5 (0.35%) for HIV, 190 (13.6%) for HBV, 4 (0.3%) for HCV, and 20 (1.4%) for syphilis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SRHK was higher than expected although in-depth knowledge was uncommon, especially in men from rural areas with lack of access to journals or the internet. Unsafe sexual behavior was widespread among our sample. Prevalence of HBV was higher than expected. Sexual education campaigns using both digital and non-digital approaches should be focused on reaching the young population dispersed in rural areas where internet connection is difficult and should be accompanied by HBV vaccination promotion.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmeasured confounding in meta-analyses of observational studies evaluating maternal periodontitis and adverse birth outcomes.","authors":"May Salama, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Denise McKinney, Saad Al Otaibi, Sultan Al-Sallum, Eric Mishio Bawa, Anwar T Merchant","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal periodontitis has been consistently linked to adverse birth outcomes (ABOs). However, a causal relationship is not established due to potential unmeasured confounding factors in observational studies and inconclusive results from randomized controlled trials. This study aimed to assess the impact of unmeasured confounding factors in meta-analyses examining associations between maternal periodontitis and preterm birth (PTB) or low birth weight (LBW).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed and MEDLINE, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies between 2002 and 2023. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies were included if either PTB or LBW were the outcome and were published in English. The E-value analogue method was used to evaluate possible unmeasured confounding effects in random effects meta-analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>62 original studies from nine meta-analyses met the inclusion criteria. In relation to the exposure and outcome, the random-effects meta-analysis showed that even with an unmeasured confounder having a relative risk (RR) of 3.00, 80% of cohort studies evaluating PTB and 90% evaluating LBW would have an RR > 2.00.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Associations between maternal periodontitis and ABOs in observational studies appear robust to unmeasured confounding factors, supporting the hypothesis that maternal periodontitis is causally related to ABOs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A population-based case-control study of COVID-19: methodological considerations on the role of testing bias.","authors":"Romain Fantin, Carolina Porras, Amada Aparicio, Juan Carlos Vanegas, Viviana Loria, Melvin Morera, Arturo Abdelnour, Tim Waterboer, Julia Butt, Ruth M Pfeiffer, D Rebecca Prevots, Mitchell H Gail, Allan Hildesheim, Rolando Herrero","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Targeting people at risk of COVID-19 infection has been critical to containing the pandemic. Using only differences in cumulative incidence by sociodemographic groups can be misleading, as it reflects both factors related to infection risk and those related to testing for infection. The aim of this analysis was to disentangle the determinants of both mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We compared the demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics of 813 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases over age 20 years with 1630 age- sex- and geography-matched population-based controls, both recruited in 2020-2021 in the RESPIRA study. We used antibody results and previous diagnosis to detect infections in population-based controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High socioeconomic status and being older than 60 years old were negatively associated with seropositivity. Obesity and number of people living in the household were positively associated with seropositivity. Among infected (seropositive) people, diagnosis by PCR was more frequent in employees, and in people with asthma or hypertension, and was negatively associated with the number of people living in the household.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differences between PCR-confirmed cases and non-infected controls reflected differences both in risk of infection, and in PCR-testing in infected people. The possibility of PCR-testing bias in case-control studies of COVID should be considered in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the discourse: a closer look at high-risk behaviors among Iranian adolescents.","authors":"Saeid Mirzaei, Mohammad Hossein Mehrolhassani, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, AliAkbar Haghdoost, Nadia Oroomiei","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explores the dominant discourses surrounding policies related to high-risk sexual behaviors, drug use, and alcohol abuse among Iranian adolescents, as well as the prevailing discourse among the adolescents themselves who engage in these behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a qualitative approach, we conducted interviews with 36 Iranian adolescents exhibiting high-risk behaviors and analyzed high-level documents on adolescent health from 1979 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dominant discourse in policy documents is rooted in religious principles, emphasizing that social structures should align with the ultimate goal of human life, which is nearness to God. In contrast, the dominant discourse among adolescents' centers on material desires and personal pleasure, valuing social structures that promote joy and individualism.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study reveals a significant discourse gap between policymakers and adolescents, which could undermine the effectiveness of current policies and interventions. Policymakers in Iran and other ideologically driven countries should recognize this gap and take steps to bridge it. By incorporating the perspectives of adolescents and tailoring policies to align more closely with their values, there is a greater likelihood of enhancing the effectiveness of these initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazardous alcohol use: a cross-sectional study of cardiology patients in Sweden.","authors":"Paul Welfordsson, Anna-Karin Danielsson, Caroline Björck, Bartosz Grzymala-Lubanski, Kristina Hambraeus, Ida Haugen Löfman, Frieder Braunschweig, Matthias Lidin, Sara Wallhed Finn","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol use is understudied in cardiology settings. We investigated the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use and probable dependence among cardiology patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study in three regions of Sweden. Alcohol use was assessed using the AUDIT-10 questionnaire. We defined hazardous alcohol use as: AUDIT-10 ≥ 6 for women or ≥ 8 for men (primary definition) and probable dependence as AUDIT-10 ≥ 13 for women or ≥ 15 for men. We examined associations using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 1107 participants (median age = 73 years; range = 18-102; 66% men). The prevalence of hazardous alcohol use was 7.8% (95%CI = 6.2-9.3, primary definition) and 0.9% (95%CI = 0.3-1.5) had probable alcohol dependence. We found increased odds of hazardous alcohol use in: age groups 18-39 years (OR = 4.90, 95%CI = 1.41-17.08) and 40-64 years (OR = 4.02, 95%CI = 1.69-9.67) compared to ≥80 years; a city compared to a small town (OR = 2.44, 95%CI = 1.02-5.84); participants with unhealthy diets (OR = 2.37, 95%CI = 1.36-4.13), and overweight participants (OR = 2.25, 95%CI = 1.23-4.12).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hazardous alcohol use affected about one in 12 cardiology patients. However, less than 1 in 100 had probable alcohol dependence. Findings suggest that many cardiology patients with hazardous alcohol use are appropriate for brief interventions, and may not require more intensive alcohol dependence treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The COVID-19 pandemic's impact on sexually transmitted infections and the modifying role of public health funding: an interrupted time series study.","authors":"Naomi Schwartz, Stephen Hunter, Samantha M Forbes, Dionne Gesink, Erin Hobin, Laura N Anderson, Steven Rebellato, Roman Pabayo, Brendan T Smith","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with changes in sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence and trajectories in Ontario, Canada and the modifying role of public health funding for infectious and communicable diseases (ICD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted using population-level age and sex standardized incidence of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and infectious syphilis by public health unit (PHU) in Ontario from January 2015-October 2022. A negative binomial regression interrupted time series analysis estimated trends in STI incidence rates pre- and post-pandemic-onset and whether associations differed by public health ICD funding per capita.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was an immediate reduction post- compared to pre-pandemic onset in chlamydia (Rate Ratio (RR) = 0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.21-0.35), gonorrhea (RR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.02-0.94), and syphilis (RR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.02-1.18). Post-pandemic onset, a dollar increase in PHU's ICD funding per capita was associated with greater incidence of chlamydia (RR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08-1.12), gonorrhea (RR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.99-1.32) and syphilis (RR = 1.11, 95% CI: 0.97-1.28). Following this initial drop, trends in STI incidence did not differ importantly by ICD funding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings are consistent with a role of public health funding in mitigating observed decreases in STIs. Results suggest that public health funding plays a role in maintaining STI detection services during a public health emergency.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an authorized nurse immunizer led opportunistic patient influenza and COVID-19 vaccination program under the RE-AIM framework.","authors":"Sarah Davies, Kathryn Taylor, Donna Moore","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Influenza and COVID-19 are significant vaccine-preventable causes of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Hospital-based, nurse-led models can increase vaccine uptake, yet few target adults. This study evaluates the implementation of an opportunistic patient influenza and COVID-19 vaccination program in the Central Coast Local Health District (CCLHD), led by Authorized Nurse Immunizers (ANIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Evaluation of the ANI-led program was conducted using the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework. The 10-week program involved screening patients for vaccine eligibility, offering vaccinations and collecting quantitative data and qualitative feedback across the five RE-AIM domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 849 patients screened alongside service encounters, 398 were vaccinated with 76% of eligible patients consenting to flu and 59% to COVID-19 vaccination. Inpatients had lower vaccination rates on admission compared to the general population and higher rates after program contact. The program was well received by patients and staff and adopted across various CCLHD settings, effectively addressing community access barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Opportunistic vaccination using an ANI-led model is an effective strategy to improve vaccination coverage among higher-risk patients. This evaluation demonstrates the benefits of a dedicated nurse immunizer workforce and suggests potential for broader adoption in similar healthcare settings to improve public health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communication about COVID-19 with urban American Indian and Alaska Native peoples: the role of health literacy, trust, and information source.","authors":"Amanda D Boyd, Austin Henderson, Azhar Uddin, Solmaz Amiri, Richard F MacLehose, Spero M Manson, Dedra Buchwald","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Developing optimal health communication strategies about COVID-19 and vaccines requires an understanding of the health literacy level of populations, trusted sources of information, and perceptions of COVID-19 messaging. We examined how health literacy is related to knowledge about COVID-19 among American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) peoples.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We surveyed 788 AI/AN peoples at five Tribal health organizations between January and May 2021. We assessed health literacy using a 4-item health literacy index, and knowledge of COVID-19 in three domains: protection against contracting COVID-19; contracting COVID-19, and clinical manifestations of contraction. Questions also included rating trust of COVID-19 information sources and perceptions of messaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had a high level of knowledge about COVID-19; however, health literacy was not significantly associated with any domain of COVID-19 knowledge. Participants perceived the most trusted source of COVID-19-related health information to be health professionals, followed by health clinics. Social media was the least trusted source of information. Tribal sources of information were rated on average higher quality than non-tribal sources.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AI/AN peoples had high levels of accurate knowledge about COVID-19 regardless of assessed health literacy. Information sources should include Tribal-led organizations and health professionals to increase uptake of COVID-19 messaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial analysis of colorectal cancer outcomes: investigating the impact of place-specific factors using causal inference methods for spatial data.","authors":"Dajana Draganic, Knut R Wangen","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disparities in health outcomes across regions may arise from place-specific factors, encompassing both contextual elements such as healthcare accessibility and compositional factors tied to the unique population characteristics. This study seeks to investigate the impact of various place-specific factors on late-stage incidence and mortality rates within Norwegian municipalities.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Municipality-level data on colorectal cancer (CRC) late-stage diagnosis and mortality rates were acquired from the Cancer Registry of Norway and the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Screening utilization rates were obtained from the Norwegian Patient Registry. To explore the region-level effects of place-specific factors on CRC outcomes, a causal inference method for spatial data-neighborhood adjustment method via spatial smoothing (NA approach)-was employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that a one-unit increase in screening rates (or a 1% rise in screening uptake) corresponds to a 2.9% decrease in late-stage incidence, with a 95% credible interval ranging from -0.055 to -0.003. However, no significant relationship between screening rates and mortality rates was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the importance of maximizing the utilization of screening services to prevent advance-stage diagnosis. Moreover, the research underscores the significance of improving access to screening services, particularly in rural and medically underserved areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classical Indian music for managing anxiety and pain among patients in a hospital setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Tara Rajendran, Akshay Patil, Subham Kumar Mohanta, Subbalakshmi Narasajjana Krishnadasa, Venkatesh Natarajan","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The quantitative impact of classical Indian music (CIM) on pain and anxiety is relatively underexplored. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess whether music medicine (MM) using CIM improves anxiety and/or pain among patients of all ages in a hospital setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Embase, and Google Scholar from their inception until January 29, 2025. The pooled estimate of standardized mean differences (SMD) was calculated using the fixed and random-effects model and reported using Woolf's inverse variance. Data represented in standardized effect size with 95% CI. The risk of bias and the certainty of evidence were analyzed using RevMan v5.4 and GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine RCTs were included in the systematic review and two RCTs (197 participants) in the meta-analysis. CIM was found not to have a significant benefit on anxiety (SMD 0.14 [-0.14 to 0.42]), systolic blood pressure (SMD -0.20 [-0.73 to 0.34]), diastolic blood pressure (SMD -0.03 [-0.39 to 0.34]), and pulse rate (SMD -0.96 [-2.50 to 0.57]). No substantial statistical heterogeneity was observed. The certainty of the evidence was very low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our meta-analysis could not ascertain any positive relationship between CIM and anxiety, SBP, DBP, and PR. We recommend greater research efforts through robust RCTs and policies to develop a National Medical Commission-accredited CIM-based music therapy service in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}