Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene最新文献

{"title":"Infodemics management in the digital world: The implications for Public Health in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Johnson Chijindu Diara, Ifeoma Vivian Ugwueke, Patricia Iheaku Otuh","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3812","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3812","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"67 1","pages":"E4-E6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Pap Smear Screening Among Women of Reproductive Age in Owerri West LGA, Imo State, South-Eastern Nigeria.","authors":"Ugonma Winnie Dozie, Nduka Favour Chisom, Maureen Amaoge Nwokorie, Kelechukwu Celestine Nosike Dozie, Chidozie Joakin Nwaokoro, Uchechukwu M Chukwuocha, Uzochukwu Godswill Ekeleme, Chimezie Christian Iwuala, Christopher Chike Okereke, Iheoma Mariagorathy Diala, Clara Ogechi Raphael, Ikechukwu Nosike Simplicius Dozie","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3704","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cervical cancer remains a significant public health issue and is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women globally. Its burden extends beyond individual health, affecting families, communities, and social systems. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing Pap smear testing among women of reproductive age in Owerri West, Imo State.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design using 399 respondents selected through a multistage sampling method. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), with results presented in frequencies and percentages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents were married (51.6%), aged 20-29 years (42.9%), predominantly traders (34.6%) and civil servants (34.9%), of Igbo ethnicity (78.0%), and had tertiary education (48.4%). While 44.8% had heard of cervical cancer, they were not familiar with its details. About 59.0% had heard of Pap smear testing, with nearly half (49.3%) receiving the information from healthcare professionals. Despite a relatively high level of awareness, 61.8% had never undergone a Pap smear. Respondents identified several barriers to Pap smear testing, including the belief that the procedure is expensive or embarrassing. Some also associated undergoing the test before sexual activity with a loss of virginity, while others cited the distant location of screening centres as a significant challenge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a critical need for increased medical education and public sensitization on cervical cancer and the importance of routine screening to improve uptake and early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"67 1","pages":"E87-E95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing HPV Vaccine Hesitancy: A Crucial Step Toward Cervical Cancer Prevention in Pakistan.","authors":"Aleeza Abid, Mubashira Noor, Preety Maheshwari, Muhammad Hassan Saeed","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3792","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3792","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"67 1","pages":"E7-E8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resurgence of Measles in the United States - A Public Health Risk.","authors":"Maryam Tariq, Zainab Farooq, Zarrish Kokab, Fnu Saadia","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3802","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3802","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"67 1","pages":"E1-E3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of <i>Escherichia coli</i> in a Tertiary-level hospital.","authors":"Gladymar Guadalupe Valenzuela-Ramirez, Yesmi Patricia Ahumada-Santos, María Elena Báez-Flores, Saul Beltrán-Fernandez, Sylvia Paz Díaz-Camacho, Esteban Hernández-Guevara, David Morales-Morales, Daniel Canseco-González, Jesús Ricardo Parra-Unda","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3572","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was designed to achieve more effective treatment for patients and to encourage the development of new antibiotics, specifically targeting multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. This bacterium is one of the primary causative agents of hospital-acquired infections (HAI). It is classified as a critical priority pathogen for the development of new antibiotics according to the World Health Organization (2024). In this study, 76 isolates from four bacterial genera were analyzed. E. coli was identified as the most prevalent infectious agent with 52% of the isolates, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (16%). Internal Medicine was the hospital department with the highest frequency of E. coli infections. Sixty-five percent of the samples were derived from urine. This bacterium was more prevalent in females (57.5%) than in males (42.5%). The highest resistance rates were observed for Ampicillin and Ciprofloxacin, with 90% and 77.5% respectively, while the lowest resistance was found for the Carbapenems Ertapenem, Meropenem, and Aminoglycoside Amikacin, with 22.5%. Twenty-two point five percent of the E. coli isolates were classified as resistant, and 77.5% as multidrug-resistant. Sixty-two point five percent were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. All of these isolates resisted Ampicillin, while 4% were resistant to Ertapenem, Meropenem, and Amikacin. E. coli was identified as the primary causative pathogen of HAI in the Hospital under study and demonstrated resistance to most currently prescribed antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"67 1","pages":"E45-E53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of Biofilm-Forming and Multidrug-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> on High-Touch Hospital Surfaces Despite Routine Cleaning and Disinfection.","authors":"Maria Luisa Cristina, Gianluca Ottria, Elisa Schinca, Carolina Piccinini, Anna Maria Schito, Silvia Boni, Sara Cima, Alessio Carbone, Chiara Dupont, Emanuele Pontali, Marina Sartini","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3885","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contaminated hospital surfaces play a key role in the transmission of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), particularly those caused by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens. Despite routine cleaning and disinfection, high-touch surfaces may remain reservoirs for multidrug-resistant organisms, including biofilm-forming Staphylococcus aureus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An environmental surveillance study was conducted in a single-bed room of an Internal Medicine ward in a hospital in Northern Italy. High-touch surfaces in the near-patient area and room furniture were sampled twice daily over one week, before and after routine cleaning/disinfection with chlorine-based agents (0.1-0.5% Cl). Cleaning effectiveness was evaluated using aerobic colony count (ACC) and detection of S. aureus as indicators of environmental hygiene, applying accepted microbiological benchmarks (ACC < 5 CFU/cm²; S. aureus < 1 CFU/cm²). S. aureus isolates were characterized by PFGE, spa typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and biofilm production assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean ACC decreased significantly after cleaning/disinfection (10.06 ± 15.67 vs 2.89 ± 5.52 CFU/cm²; p < 0.001), with a substantial reduction in non-compliant samples. However, residual contamination persisted on high-touch surfaces. S. aureus was detected in 12/238 samples, including post-cleaning samples from the near-patient area. Molecular analysis identified four distinct strains; notably, a spa type t032 (MLST ST22) isolate-methicillin-resistant, multidrug-resistant, and a strong biofilm producer-persisted on the bedside table handle both before and after cleaning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Routine cleaning and disinfection significantly reduce environmental bioburden but may not reliably eliminate biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant S. aureus from critical hand-contact surfaces. These findings highlight the need for continuous microbiological surveillance and targeted IPC interventions to address environmental reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"67 1","pages":"E37-E44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The history of smallpox vaccination in Italy: the vaccination campaign in the Ligurian Republic between the end of the Ancien Régime and the advent of the Napoleonic period (1797-1805).","authors":"Edoardo Bologna, Mariano Martini","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3903","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1.3903","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1798, Edward Jenner publicized his technique of smallpox vaccination, thus making obsolete what had been for centuries the most effective weapon against smallpox: variolation. News of this sensational breakthrough spread quickly throughout Europe, reaching Italy, and particularly Genoa, then the capital of the Ligurian Republic (1797-1805). Indeed, the first vaccinations in Italy were carried out in Genoa, and several doctors there, first individually and then collectively (within the \"Medical Emulation Society\"), went on to implement and spread the practice of vaccination. Although it was only with the annexation of Liguria to the French Empire that the practice became more structured and more widely implemented, this period still marked an extremely prolific time for medical science in the Genoa area.</p>","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"67 1","pages":"E121-E128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13361031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atti 58° Congresso Nazionale Società Italiana Igiene, Medicina Preventiva e Sanità Pubblica (SItI): Bologna, 22-25 ottobre 2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2025.66.3s2","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2025.66.3s2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"66 3 Suppl 2","pages":"E1-E452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13085856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147731057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La gestione <i>value-based</i> del paziente adulto con Ipertensione Arteriosa Polmonare: <i>Health Technology Assessment</i> di sotatercept.","authors":"Giovanna Elisa Calabrò, Antonio Giulio DE Belvis, Fabrizio Bert, Giuseppina Lo Moro, Giacomo Scaioli, Floriana D'Ambrosio, Rita DE Donno, Chiara Scarfagna, Roberto Ricciardi, Dario Vizza, Michele D'Alto, Stefano Ghio, Giuseppe Limongelli, Roberto Poscia, Paolo Sciattella, Martina Paoletti, Andrea Marcellusi, Walter Ricciardi","doi":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1s1","DOIUrl":"10.82082/2421-4248/jpmh2026.67.1s1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"67 1 Suppl 1","pages":"E1-E101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13085842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147731114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease: Does it improve after initiation of haemodialysis? A single-centre study from South India.","authors":"Swathi Ganesan, Jaippreetha Jayaraj, Elayaperumal Indhumathi","doi":"10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2025.66.4.3388","DOIUrl":"10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2025.66.4.3388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, research on quality of life has emerged as a valuable tool in assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in chronic kidney disease. This study aims to assess the health-related quality of life among patients with chronic kidney disease, and draw comparisons between haemodialysis and non-dialysis patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective questionnaire-based observational study involving 148 patients (81 haemodialysis and 67 non-dialysis patients) with chronic kidney disease (Stage 3-5D) conducted in a tertiary care hospital in South India over six months (July 2023-December 2023). The instrument used was the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form-36.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall mean health-related quality of life score was better among non-dialysis patients compared to haemodialysis patients. A reduction in various domains, including physical functioning (p < 0.014), role limitations due to physical health (p < 0.001), role limitations due to emotional problems (p < 0.001) and social functioning (p < 0.007) were observed in the haemodialysis group. In our population, age, gender, employment status and socioeconomic classes were found to be independent predictors of health-related quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the deleterious impact of chronic kidney disease on health-related quality of life, with more significant deterioration among patients undergoing haemodialysis compared to non-dialysis patients. Further, this study advocates potential areas of target for therapeutic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":94106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene","volume":"66 4","pages":"E619-E629"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13235396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148201769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}