Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences最新文献

{"title":"Integrative Review Verification of the Influence of Atrazine Exposure on Behavioral, Neurochemical and Parkinsons Disease Disorders","authors":"L. Pantaleon, A. Fukushima, L. R. de Paula, G. Ribeiro, Beatriz do Prado Pacca, Juliana Weckx Peña Muñoz, H. de Souza Spinosa, E. Ricci","doi":"10.37871/jbres1347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1347","url":null,"abstract":"Herbicides represent the largest portion of pesticides used both worldwide and in Brazil. Many of these compounds are applied on a large scale in native forests and in urban and industrial water environments, including atrazine. Due to its low cost, ability to remain active in the soil for long periods and potential effect on weed removal, atrazine ranks 5th in the ranking of most used pesticide in Brazil. Although the use of pesticides increases agricultural production, their intensive use can often cause negative effects on fauna and flora. Studies have shown that exposure to atrazine can cause various harmful effects in mammals, of both sexes, such as structural, neuroendocrine and/or behavioral changes. Considering the seriousness of the situation and the possible toxicological and pathological implications that atrazine can generate in the animal organism, the objective of this work was to carry out an integrative literature review in order to verify the scientific panorama on issues related to atrazine exposure and its impacts, mainly with regard to its toxicity on the central nervous system. To carry out this article, a bibliographic survey of scientific material obtained in the following databases was carried out: US National Library of Medicine - National Institutes of Health (PubMed), Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences - LILACS), Science Direct and Google® Academic, in the last 25 years. The MeSH Terms used in the search were: “Parkinson's disease”, “atrazine”, “herbicide” and “endocrine disruptor”. The following were found in the Science Direct indexers: 115 records, PubMed 52 records, in LILACS no articles were found, and 1330 records were found in Google® Academic.","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"344 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74103005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The State of Cervical Cancer Screening and HPV Vaccination in Africa: In the Advent of Advanced Health Care","authors":"E. K. Drokow, C. Effah, Clement Agboyibor, G. Akpabla, Kai Sun","doi":"10.37871/jbres1341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1341","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer if not detected and treated promptly can be lethal to females. In several advanced nations, the relevance of coordinated screening services has been implemented. Nevertheless, most developing nations have not implemented a nationwide screening and vaccination programme accessible to all women owing to inadequate screening and vaccination services coupled with vaccine scepticism, misconception concerning vaccination, and lack of awareness are causing an upsurge in Africa's cervical cancer cases. Cervical cancer could be greatly reduced if comprehensive screening services and HPV vaccination are implemented. In this review, we discussed the cervical cancer incidence in Africa, factors influencing the high rate of cervical cancer in Africa, screening and HPV vaccination programs and the potential intervention and recommendations to reduce the incident and mortality rates of cervical cancer in Africa. Also, we highlighted the disadvantages and advantages of widely accessible screening tests in Africa.","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87368261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Effects of Sleep Apnea Syndrome on the Paraclinical Parameters of Balance Exploration","authors":"David Cabello Garrido, G. Buiret","doi":"10.37871/jbres1331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1331","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS) on posturographic parameters. Objective: The primary objective was to evaluate whether the mean gain of the Visually Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex VVOR), the parameter most likely to be modified in case of central damage, decreased in patients diagnosed with OSAHS. The secondary objective was to verify if the other parameters of videonystagmography and posturography varied according to the presence or not of OSAHS. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of posturographic parameters of patients previously tested by polygraphy (whether or not they had OSAHS). Results: In the 66 patients included, the mean VVOR gains did not differ significantly between the \"no OSAHS\" vs. \"OSAHS\" groups (respectively 0.88 vs. 0.71, p = 0.1224). None of the other parameters measured, such as the mean caloric deficits, the mean weights of vestibular, visual and somesthetic afferents measured by posturography, the mean gains of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and the frequency of falls on the posturograph, had a statistically different distribution according to the presence or absence of OSAHS. Conclusion: We did not show any significant difference in posturographic parameters according to the presence or absence of OSAHS, in particular the absence of vestibular and/or central involvement.","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89982933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser Challenge of China","authors":"V. Apollonov","doi":"10.37871/jbres1335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1335","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese President Xi Jinping, at a meeting with delegates of the People's Liberation Army of China (PLA) during the last session of the National People's Congress (NPC), demanded the introduction of scientific discoveries and innovative technologies in the army. Xi Jinping noted that new technologies are the key to modernizing the Armed Forces. The Chinese leader discussed with the military how to achieve the goals set in the field of national defense and army development and the implementation of the 13th five-year plan for the development of the armed forces. It is safe to say that Laser Weapons (LW) are on the agenda of China/1/","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73843409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2D Materials for Environment, Energy, and Biomedical Applications","authors":"D. Chauhan, M. Ashfaq, N. Talreja, Ramalinga Viswanathan Managalraja","doi":"10.37871/jbres1340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1340","url":null,"abstract":"Recently 2D materials are booming in the field of energy, environment, and biomedical application. Incorporation of metal/non-metal within 2D materials significantly influences the physical and chemical properties, making them intriguing materials for various applications. The advancement of 2D material requires strategic modification by manipulating the electronic structure, which remains a challenge. Herein, we describe 2D materials for the environment, energy, and biomedical application. A predominant aim of this short communication is to summarize the literature on the advanced environment, energy, and biomedical application (especially COVID-19).","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81897423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Moderated Mediation Role of Malaria Knowledge and Household Income in the Relationship between Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Nets and Malaria","authors":"Tao Hong, M. Mohammed, Mideksa Adugna Koricho, Gobena Godena","doi":"10.37871/jbres1328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1328","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The study was premised on the notion that insecticide-treated mosquito nets are positively related to malaria prevalence, and that knowledge mediates the relationship between insecticide-treated mosquito nets and malaria. Furthermore, household income was hypothesized to have a moderating effect on the direct and indirect relationships (through malaria knowledge) between insecticide-treated mosquito nets and the prevalence of malaria. Methods: The hypothesized relationships were examined using panel data collected from ten regions of Ethiopia during 2011-2015. Structural equation modeling and the random effect model were used to test the hypotheses. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 13.0. Results: The results were consistent with our proposed hypotheses, showing a significant relationship between the research variables. The findings suggest that malaria knowledge contributes to improving the relationship between insecticide-treated mosquito nets and malaria prevalence. A positively significant indirect effect (β = 0.47, p = 0.003) as well as direct effect (β = 0.28, p = 0.001) was revealed in the study. Furthermore, a positive impact of household income in strengthening the relationship between insecticide-treated mosquito nets and malaria through knowledge was reported, with a considerable value (β = 0.13, p = 0.000). The result also reveals differences in the outcome of malaria prevalence at different levels of household income category, where the indirect effect of insecticide-treated mosquito nets on malaria prevalence via malaria knowledge was positive and significant for households under the second-level income category (β = 0.15, p = 0.000). Conversely, the indirect effect of insecticide-treated mosquito nets on malaria prevalence via malaria knowledge was negative for the high level-income category (β = -0.14, p = 0.022). Besides, insignificant and negative relationships were reported for households under low-level income categories (β = 0.024, p = 0.539). Conclusion: The findings are potentially useful for the health sector to ensure success in infectious disease prevention and control, particularly malaria, and to explain how various factors contribute to the relationship.","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88247742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptability and Hesitancy in Africa: Implications for Addressing Vaccine Hesitancy","authors":"S. Mudenda","doi":"10.37871/jbres1342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1342","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Increased acceptance and uptake of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines is very essential in containing the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine hesitancy is a threat to public health containment of infectious diseases. Aim: The main aim of this study was to review published articles regarding COVID-19 vaccine acceptability and hesitancy across all populations in Africa. Materials and methods: This was a narrative review. A comprehensive literature search was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and EMBASE using the keywords vaccine acceptability, vaccine hesitancy, COVID-19 vaccine, COVID-19 pandemic, H1N1 vaccine, swine flu, swine flu vaccine, Africa, and the Boolean word AND. The cited literature was published between March 2001 and June 2021. Results: The few studies were done in Africa so far are among healthcare workers and medical students. Acceptance of vaccination against COVID-19 in Africa ranged from 15.4% to 55.9%. This shows increased hesitancy to receive the COVID-19 vaccines in African countries. Many people were concerned about the potential adverse effects and ineffectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. Misinformation about the COVID-19 vaccines has contributed to the hesitancy reported from different studies. Moreover, sociodemographic characteristics were also predictors of the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion: Low acceptability rates reported in Africa indicates increased hesitancy to vaccination against COVID-19. The low acceptance of vaccines in Africa can hinder the required 60-70% vaccinations to achieve herd immunity. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies that will address hesitancy against the COVID-19 vaccines across countries and populations in Africa and the entire globe.","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88719026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test in Nasopharyngeal Swab: Clinical Impression Matters","authors":"K. Pyar, Khine Khine Su, K. Wunna, M. Thant, K. Myat, A. Aung, Zar Ni Htet Aung, N. L. Maung, A. Kyaw, Min Lynn Zaw Oo, Kyaw Zwa Tun, Kyaw Ko Ko Aung, K. Thu, Thein Soe Tun, Nyan Ye Oo, Chan Nyein Latt, Thida Tun, Si Thu Myint, A. P. Oo, Win Ko Ko Min, Kyaw Khine Win, He Yan, Thet Mg Oo, Win Myint Tin","doi":"10.37871/jbres1334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1334","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In COVID-19 pandemic, the diagnosis and treatment must be as early as possible to save the life of each patient. Moreover, screening of asymptomatic carriers, close contacts or healthy subjects must not be delay to prevent transmission to publics. For confirmation of diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, nasopharyngeal swab must be tested either by real-time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) tests or Rapid Antigen Test (RAT). RAT is faster, easier and cheaper; thus, it is suitable for health service in developing country. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: Hospital based exploratory study was done in out-patient department and fever clinic, and molecular laboratory of No. (1) Defence Services General Hospital. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken, and the Roche SARS- CoV-2 RAT was conducted in parallel with RT-PCR test (reference standard). Results: Among the 932 patients/subjects recruited, RT-PCR was positive in 468 individuals, corresponding to a prevalence of 50.2%. The RAT was positive in 363 patients (60.4%), false positive in 120 patients; it was negative in 569 individuals (39.6%), false negative in 225 patients. The overall sensitivity of the RAT was 51.9% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 47.29-56.53) and, the specificity was 74.1% (95% CI 69.9-78.07); positive predictive value was 66.9% and negative predictive value was 60.5%. The sensitivity varied with Ct value; 78% in clinical samples with Ct values < 20, 57.5% in those with Ct values between 21 and 25, 41.8% in samples with Ct values between 26 and 30, and, 36.4% in samples with Ct value > 30. Conclusion: The accuracy of the SARS-CoV-2 Roche RAT in diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infections was inferior to RT-PCR and manufacturer’s data. The sensitivity was with low Cycle threshold values < 20 which were inversely related to the viral load. RAT test should be used in association with clinical impression of physicians. In hospital setting especially in emergency department, the role of RAT should be reconsidered in those patients presenting with anosmia and some cases of dyspnoea, late symptoms in the course of disease, as the RAT results would be false negative. Other errors may arise if the operator for RAT has to handle more than recommended tests per hour especially in the peak of epidemics.","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"C-23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85099255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to Air Pollution Nanoparticles: Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation","authors":"M. Ehsanifar, Banihashemian Ss, Masoud Ehsanifar","doi":"10.37871/jbres1339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1339","url":null,"abstract":"Urban air pollutants exposure is known as a source of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress that causes the Central Nervous System (CNS) and neuropathology disease. Transition metals, Particulate Matter (PM), including PM 2.5 (PM <2.5 μm) and PM 0.1 (PM <0.1μm), nitrogen oxides and ozone are of potent or oxidant capable of producing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Redox-sensitive pathways can be caused by oxidative stress, leading to various biological processes, including inflammation and cell death. The incidence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD) and stroke are associated with exposure to air pollution. Some recent findings suggest that urban air pollutants reach the brain in addition to pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases and affect the CNS health too. While the underlying CNS pathology mechanisms induced air pollutants exposure are not well understood, recent studies show that changes in Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) and microglial activation are key components. In this work, we reviewed the new evidence of the mechanisms by which ambient air pollution reach the brain and activate innate immune response as a source of oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory factors.","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88506586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How the Chaos Theory is Defeated in the Yabu Meteorological Station, Cuba","authors":"Ricardo Osés Rodríguez, C. Llanes, R. F. Duarte","doi":"10.37871/jbres1348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37871/jbres1348","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, 8 weather variables were modeled at the Yabu meteorological station, Cuba, a daily database from the Yabu meteorological station, Cuba, of extreme temperatures, extreme humidity and their average value, precipitation, was used. The force of the wind and the cloudiness corresponding to the period from 1977 to 2021, a linear mathematical model is obtained through the methodology of Regressive Objective Regression (ROR) for each variable that explains their behavior, depending on these 15, 13, 10 and 8 years in advance. It is concluded that these models allow the long-term forecast of the weather, opening a new possibility for the forecast, concluding that the chaos in time can be overcome if this way of predicting is used, the calculation of the mean error regarding the forecast of persistence in temperatures, wind force and cloud cover, while the persistence model is better in humidity, this allows to have valuable information in the long term of the weather in a locality, which results in a better decision making in the different aspects of the economy and society that are impacted by the weather forecast. It is the first time that an ROR model has been applied to the weather forecast processes for a specific day 8, 10, 13 and 15 years in advance.","PeriodicalId":94067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84007810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}