Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology最新文献

{"title":"Biochemical properties of thiaminase, a toxic enzyme in the gut of grasshoppers (Zonocerus variegatus Linn)","authors":"L. Ehigie, R. Okonji, Folashade A. Ehigie","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The variegated grasshopper, Zonocerus variegatus (Linn) (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae) is eaten mostly in the South western region of Nigeria. Thiaminase is a toxic enzyme present in some foods. The activity of thiaminase in the gut of Zonocerus variegatus is described. The enzyme was isolated using DEAE- Cellulose  ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration on Biogel P-100. The enzyme had a specific activity of 7.9 unit per milligram of protein. The enzyme exhibited a maximal activity at pH 8.0 and K m of 5 and 25 µM for thiamine and aniline respectively. The substrate specificity showed that the thiaminase from Z. variegatus was specific for thiamine and aniline as substrates. The optimum temperature of Z. variegatus thiaminase was 50 o C. The native molecular weight of the enzyme as determined by gel filtration was 102,000. The amino acids markedly enhanced the activity of the enzyme. The enzyme was activated by Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ and Hg 2+ but inhibited by Na + , NH 4 + , Co 2+ and Zn 2+ . 2-mercaptoethanol and 6-amino hexanoic acid completely inhibited the thiaminase. Z. variegatus should be prepared using extensive and prolong cooking to avoid suffering from thiamine deficiency.","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"43 1","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85420896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesh size and bird capture rates in shasha forest reserve, ile-ife, Nigeria","authors":"A. Akinpelu","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Few studies have been conducted to verify how mist net mesh size affects the capture rates of birds in Nigeria. This research was undertaken from 06.30 to 18.30 hours between February 2010 and January 2011 at Shasha Forest Reserve (4o20' to 4o40' E, 7o00' to 7o 10' N) near Ile-Ife in southwestern Nigeria, to verify how mesh size affects the capture rates of birds and the efficiency or otherwise of the mist nets involved. Bird species occurrence was recorded using eight nylon mist nets each of 36mm and 61mm mesh sizes in linear transects. The linear transects cuts across different vegetational types with varying degrees of human disturbance. A total of 970 birds were captured and made up of 584 (60.2%) with 36mm mesh and 386 (39.8%) with 61mm mesh. Of the 106 species mist-netted 93(87.7%) were caught by 36mm while 61mm caught 73(68.9%). The 36mm mesh net was more effective for birds with less than 200mm body length while 61mm mesh was more effective for birds with more than 250mm body length. However, both meshes were suitable for birds between 151 and 200mm long. Thirty six millimeter mesh net captured most of the birds below 20g while 61mm mesh captured was more efficient for the larger species. Both mesh sizes were effective for birds with body weights between 41.00 and 80.00g. Deployment of both nets will provide an improvement of abundance estimates for some larger species. By using only 36mm mesh nets, there may be an improvement in the capture rate of small birds and similarly 61mm mesh would substantially improve the capture rate of bigger and heavier birds.","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90657362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of six viruses in potato seed tubers produced in informal seed system in the north west region of Cameroon","authors":"P A. Njukeng, G M. Chewachong, P. Sakwe, G. Chofong, L W Nkeabeng, P. Demo, K. D. Njualem","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important cash-food crop, which is widely grown in three of the five agro-ecological zones of Cameroon. A study was carried out to determine the prevalence of PVA, PLRV, PVM, PVS, PVX and PVY in 1175 sprouted potato seed tubers of different diameters collected from four seed stores in the North West Region of Cameroon. The study also sorts to ascertain variations in virus incidence in small, medium and large size sprouted tubers prior to planting. The DAS-ELISA method was used to test for the presence of these viruses. Results showed significant differences in the prevalence of the six viruses with PVM being the most prevalent (92%), while PLRV was least prevalent (35%) in all the four seed stores sampled.  Upper-Farm store registered the highest relative prevalence (82%), with PVM detected in all the tubers while samples from Rock-Farm store showed the least relative incidence (55%) with no PLRV detected. Viruses were significantly most prevalent in small size tubers (71%) and least in large size potato tubers (63%). Our results suggest that tuber size can serve as a guide to identify healthy (virus-free) tubers. Farmers could therefore use large size potato tubers for planting.","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"54 1","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77616785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effet du degré de maturation sur la cinétique de fermentation éthylique de la pulpe de mangue cultivar BOKO","authors":"P. Diakabana, S. Kobawila, V. Massengo, D. Louembé","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Le fruit de la mangue «  Boko » presente des caracteristiques physiques et organoleptiques tres particulieres comparees aux autres mangues produites au Congo. La masse de ce fruit est de 390g en moyenne et tres proche de celle des varietes lippens et broagt , mais son rendement en pulpe (67% de la masse du fruit) est nettement  plus eleve. Sa largeur (107,94±20,09mm) et son epaisseur (72,27±5,35mm) sont assez regulieres mais son indice de sphericite (0,88±0,52) est tres disperse. Les  diverses caracteristiques physicochimiques du fruit de la mangue ’’Boko’’ sont fonction du degre de maturation physiologique evalue a partir de l’indice de maturation β (de β 1 =18,22 a β 3 = 83,5). La  surmaturation de ce fruit intervient lorsque la valeur de l’indice de maturation est superieur (β 3 =83,5). Elle correspond  a une forte diminution du degre d’acidite de 72,6%, une diminution significative de la teneur en eau (de 83,98% a 81,18% d’eau), mais a une augmentation considerable de la teneur en sucre (de 10 a 19° Brix). La faible acidite (2g de H 2 SO 4 /l) de la pulpe de mangue surmaturee est responsable de la fermentation incomplete du jus teste. Afin d’ameliorer la productivite horaire en ethanol du jus de pulpe de mangue surmaturee, il serait necessaire de proceder a une acidification indirecte par l’apport d’une portion de pulpe de mangue moins mure. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Effect of the maturation index on the kinetic of ethyl fermentation of juice from the mango cultivar'' Boko’’ pulp. The fruit of the mango'' boko’’ presents physical and organoleptic characteristics very special compared to other mangoes produced in Congo. The mass of this fruit is 390g on average and very close to those of lippens and broagt varieties, but its pulp yield (67% of the mass of fruit) is much higher. Its width (107, 94±20,09mm) and thickness (72, 27±5,35mm) are fairly regular, but the sphericity index (0, 88±0, 52) is very varied. The various physicochemical characteristics of mango ‘’ boko' ' fruit depend on the degree of physiological maturity assessed from the maturation index β (from β 1 =18.22 to β 3 = 83.5). The over-ripening of this fruit occurs when the value of the maturation index was higher (β 3 = 83.5) and corresponds to a decrease pronounced of degree of acidity of 72.6%, a significant decrease in water content (from 83.98% to 81.18% of water), but a considerable increase in sugar content (from10° Brix to 19° Brix). The low acidity (2g of H 2 SO 4 /l) of over-ripened mango pulp is responsible for the incomplete fermentation of juice tested. To improve the hourly productivity in ethanol from juice of ripened mango pulp, it would be necessary to acidify indirectly by providing a portion of mango pulp less mature.","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76605520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Approche électro-clinique des effets de la consommation de boissons alcooliques par l’analyse factorielle des correspondances et par la classification ascendante hiérarchique.","authors":"M. Yao, A. Camara, F. N. Bakou, A. Ba, B. Seri","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Pour mieux comprendre la survenue de certaines anomalies chez des patients alcooliques chroniques, la recherche d’eventuelles relations entre les anomalies induites par l’alcoolisme chronique et le type d’alcools consommes, a ete realisee. 307 dossiers d’alcooliques chroniques ont ete selectionnes en fonction du type d’alcool consomme (Koutoukou ou alcool industriel ou les deux types d’alcool a la fois). Dans chaque dossier, les anomalies physiologiques et cliniques ont ete relevees puis, par la classification ascendante hierarchique et par l’analyse factorielle des correspondances, les eventuels liens entre les troubles de l’organisme et le type d’alcool consomme ont ete etablis. Il ressort de cette etude que chez les patients de moins de 40 ans, l’alcoolisme s’apparente a la consommation du Koutoukou alors que chez ceux de plus de 40 ans, les anomalies cliniques et para-cliniques sont associees a des pathologies diverses et leur alcoolisme, superieur a 5 ans, serait lie a la consommation du melange Koutoukou et alcools industriels. Par ailleurs, les femmes sont plus fragiles aux effets de l’alcool. Ainsi, le Koutoukou consomme seul ou en association avec les alcools industriels, semble causer plus de dommages a l’organisme, surtout apres 40 ans. Mots cles : Alcoolisme – Koutoukou – Classification Ascendante Hierarchique (CAH) – Analyse Factorielle des Correspondance (AFC) – Anomalie. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Electro-clinical approach to the effects of consumption of alcoholic beverages by correspondence analysis and hierarchical ascending classification. The objective of this study is to understand the possible relationships between the abnormalities induced by chronic alcoholism and type of alcohol consumed. 307 cases of chronic alcoholic patients were selected according to the type of alcohol consumed (koutoukou or industrial alcohol or both types of alcohol at a time). In each case, the physiological and clinical abnormalities were found and by the ascending hierarchical classification and the correspondence analysis, the possible links between disorders of the body and the type of alcohol consumed were established. It appears from this study that in patients under 40, alcohol consumption is related to the koutoukou. In alcoholics over 40 years, the clinical abnormalities are associated with various pathologies. Their alcoholism is more than 5 years, would be linked to the consumption of the mixture koutoukou and industrial alcohol. Moreover, women are more vulnerable to alcohol effects. Thus, koutoukou consumed alone or in combination with industrial alcohol, seems to cause more damage to the body, especially after 40 years. Keywords : Alcoholism – Koutoukou – ascending hierarchical classification – correspondence analysis – abnormality. Normal 0 21 false false false FR X-NONE AR-SA","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"9 1","pages":"17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82357287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth pattern, condition factor, trace metal studies and ectoparasitic load of the blue crab, Callinectes amnicola from Lagos Lagoon, Badore, Ajah, Lagos, Nigeria","authors":"U. Omuvwie, O. Atobatele","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V9I1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Aspects of the biology of an economically important crab, Callinectes amnicola (De Rochebrune, 1883), were studied to determine the growth pattern, condition factor, ectoparasitic load and trace metal (Manganese, Zinc, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury) levels. Water and sediment samples were also collected for trace metal analysis and to determine bioconcentration factor in crab samples. Males recorded significantly longer carapace (p 0.05; b=3) and positive allometric growth for female and sex combined (p 3). Males were better conditioned than females and condition increased with size for males. Only male C. amnicola were infected with ectoparasitic barnacles with a prevalence of 13.46%. The ectoparasites select better conditioned crabs for infestation and this colonization subsequently reduces the condition with increased size. Mean trace metal values recorded for C. amnicola, water and sediment were in the order Manganese>Zinc>Lead>Cadmium>Mercury. The gills had the highest mean values for all the trace metals measured and also had the highest bioconcentration factor with lead recording a factor of 42 from water. However, the edible portion such as muscle, chelipeds and carapace bioaccumulated Manganese, Zinc and Cadmium from water by a maximum factor of 4. Carapace length, growth pattern, condition factor and ectoparasitic infestation may be used to discriminate among sexes of C. amnicola. This study shows relatively low concentrations of trace metals compared to the WHO limits and C. amnicola may be used to monitor the bioavailability of trace metals in","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"6 1","pages":"34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80035816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production de biomasse de l’espèce Stylosanthes guianensis en tête de rotation en vue de la mise en place d’un système de culture sous couverture végétale au sud de la zone cotonnière du Cameroun","authors":"J. A. Mvondo, A. Boukong, H. D. Beyegue, A. Abba, A. Ze, M. S. Passale, L. Lawane","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V8I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V8I1","url":null,"abstract":"Resume L’espece Stylosanthes guianensis est recommandee dans les systemes de culture sous couverture vegetale (SCV) dans la zone cotonniere du Cameroun. L’une des difficultes rencontrees pour son adoption est l’absence d’information concernant sa production de biomasse en tete de rotation. La presente etude avait pour objectif d’estimer la production de biomasse de cette espece  en culture pure ou en association avec le mais, en presence des fumures organique et minerale recommandees dans le Sud de la zone cotonniere du Cameroun. La production de biomasse de l’espece S. guianensis a varie de 9,7 a 13,6 t MS ha -1 en culture pure et de 4,5 a 7,9 t ha -1 en association avec le mais. Dans l’association, on a pu recolter jusqu’a 5,7 t ha -1 de grain et 7,8 t ha -1 de paille de mais. Les effets surtout lineaires des fumures sur les biomasses produites confirment qu’elles sont sub-optimales. Toutefois, elles permettraient l’entree en SCV l’annee suivante. Des etudes complementaires sont necessaires pour preciser les doses des fumures organique et minerale optimales pour la production de biomasse de l’espece S. guianensis en culture pure et dans les associations avec le mais dans la zone cotonniere du Nord Cameroun. Mots cles : Systeme de culture sous couverture vegetale (SCV), Stylosanthes guianensis, tete de rotation, biomasse, fertilisation Abstract Stylosanthes guianensis is one of the cover crops recently introduced in direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems (DMC) in the cotton production zone in Northern Cameroon. However, its biomass production as first crop in rotations has never been assessed.  The objective of this study was to evaluate the seeding year production of S. guianensis in the cotton producing zone of Cameroon, in the presence of the recommended organic and mineral fertilizer rates. Dry matter production of S. guianensis varied from 9.7 to 13.6 t ha -1 in pure stands and from 4.5 to 7.9 t ha -1 in association with corn. In the association, corn grain and straw production were 5.7 and 7.8 t ha -1 , respectively. The linear effects of fertilizers on biomass production suggest that their present levels are sub optimal. However, the amounts of biomass produced should be enough for further implementation of DMC systems. Further studies are recommended to determine optimal organic and mineral fertilizer rates for S. guianensis in pure stands or in association with corn in the cotton production zone in northern Cameroon. Key words: Direct seeding mulch-based cropping system (DMC), Stylosanthes guianensis , Seeding year biomass, fertilization","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":"8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85699489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthèse, étude toxicologique et activité psychotrope de nouvelles arylidènpyridazin-3-ones N-substituées","authors":"A. Benmoussa, P. Kanyonga, M’hammed Ansar, A. Zellou, J. E. Harti, Jamal Lamsaouri, M. Y. A. Faouzi, A. Zahidi, H. Benziane, Y. Cherrah, J. Taoufik","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V7I1.69789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V7I1.69789","url":null,"abstract":"Les derives oxygenes de la pyridazine sont connus en therapeutique pour la richesse de leurs potentiels pharmacologiques : antihypertenseur et cardiotonique. Des proprietes antibacteriennes sont egalement mentionnees dans la litterature. De ces considerations, resulte l’idee de synthetiser et d’etudier de nouvelles series d’arylidenpyridazin-3-ones substituees sur le plan toxicologique, et d’explorer leur activite psychotrope. L'etude de l’activite pharmacologique a demontre que ces produits ne sont pas toxiques aux doses therapeutiques et qu'ils sont doues d'effets sedatif, myorelaxant, anxiolytique mais, ne presentent pas d’effet hypnotique, ni cataleptique. Cependant, ces trois produits de synthese potentialisent a des degres differents l'effet hypnotique du diazepam. Synthesis, toxicological study and psychotropic activity of new arylidenpyridazin-3-ones N-substituted. The oxygenated derivatives of pyridazin are known into therapeutic for the richness of their pharmacological potentials: antihypertensive and cardiotonic. Properties antibacteriennes are also mentioned in the literature. From these considerations, results the idea to synthesize and study new series of arylidenpyridazin-3-ones N-substituted on the toxicological level, but also, to explore their possible activity on the central nervous system, in particular the psychotropic activity. The study of the pharmacological activity has shown that these products are not toxic at therapeutic doses and possess sedative, muscle relaxant, anxiolytic effects, but do not present any hypnotic, or catalepsy effect. However, these three products potentiate synthesis to different degrees of the hypnotic effect diazepam.","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"5 1","pages":"28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78579156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Garcinia kola seed meal on egg quality of the African Catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ) (Burchell) Broodstock","authors":"A. Dada, BE Ebhodaghe","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V7I1.69656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V7I1.69656","url":null,"abstract":"A 56-day study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of G. kola (Bitter kola) powder on egg quality in African catfish, C. gariepinus broodstocks. Catfish broodstocks (mean weight, 911.25 ± 1.77 g) were randomly distributed into concrete tanks (2 x 2 x 1.2 m) at ten fish/tank in triplicates. Five diets designated as diets D1 to D5 with 40% crude protein containing 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g/kg of G. kola seeds powder in the feed were formulated and added to the tanks to give 3% of body weight per day. Fecundity, Percentage fertilization, hatching rate and egg size (diameter) of C. gariepinus were investigated. The fish fed diet D5 (200 g/kg) had higher oocyte diameter but not significantly different (p>0.05) from those of the fish fed the other diets. However, the egg diameter was largest in the group of fish fed diet diet supplemented with 200 g/kg G. kola seed powder (D5) and this has negative effect on the fertilization of the eggs. Significantly higher (p<0.05) egg fertilization and hatching was recorded in the fish fed diets D4 (150 g/kg) than for the fish fed the other diets. The results showed that as the level of inclusion of G. kola seed powder was increased, the percentage of eggs fertilized increased, except when the fish were fed diet D5 where a sharp decrease was recorded. Survival of fish after the 56 days experimental trial range   from 88% to 100% and was not related to the G. kola seed powder inclusion in the diet. The result of this study shows that G. kola seed meal affects the fecundity, hatching rate and percentage survival of C. gariepinus and has a potential  pro-fertility property which can be exploited in fish seeds production.","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88827275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation in vitro de l’activité antibactérienne de cinq plantes de la pharmacopée traditionnelle de l’Adamaoua (Cameroun)","authors":"C. Agnem Etchike, A. M. Sassa, A. Abba, E. Nyonbourg","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V7I1.69788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V7I1.69788","url":null,"abstract":"Dans le cadre de la valorisation de la pharmacopee africaine en general et camerounaise en particulier, des decoctions de feuilles de Ricinus communis, Harungana madagascariensis, Erigeron floribundus, Chromoleana odorata et Lantana camara ont ete etudiees in vitro pour leur activite antibacterienne. Trois souches bacteriennes dont Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli et Bacillus subtilis souvent responsables de processus morbides ont ete utilisees. Les tests ont ete realises in vitro suivant la technique standard de macro dilution en tube et en milieu liquide. Les concentrations qui evoluaient en progression geometrique de raison deux ont permis de constater que les cinq preparations presentent une inhibition de la croissance bacterienne. Les concentrations minimales inhibitrices (CMI) variaient entre 0,05x10 -2 et 2,94x10 -2 gramme de Matiere Seche par millilitre (g de MS/ml) de decoction. Toutes les preparations ont une bactericidie variable entre 0,4x 10-2 et 12,61.10 -2 g de MS/ml de decoction. Les cinq decoctions presentent une action bactericide sur  S. aureus comprise entre 0,40x10-2 et 11,75x10 -2 g de MS/ml. Par contre, une absence de bactericidie est observee avec R. communis et H. madagascariensis sur  E. coli et chez H. madagascariensis, E. floribundus et L. camara sur B. subtilis . Cette etude revele une difference de sensibilite des bacteries aux decoctions etudiees. L’action bactericide des cinq extraits est identique pour S. aureus avec un coefficient phenol de 30. La meilleure efficacite est obtenue avec E. floribundus sur E. coli et R. communis sur B. subtilis qui presente le coefficient phenol le plus eleve. In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial activity of some Adamawa (Cameroon) medicinal plants. In the bid to develop pharmacology in Africa and Cameroon in particular, the leaf extracts of five: Ricinus communis, Harungana madagascariensis, Erigeron floribundus Chromoleana odorata and Lantana camara were tested in vitro for  their  antibacterial  activities on three common pathogenic bacterial species namely Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis . The in vitro tests were carried out using a tube macro-dilution technique. Two–fold geometric concentrations of the various extracts were tested against the bacterial species. Results obtained showed varied bacteriological efficacy of the extracts tested, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging between 0.05 x 10 -2   and 2.94 x 10 -2   g of the dry extract/ ml. The various extracts tested demonstrated good in vitro efficacy against S. aureus with concentrations varying from 0.4 x10 -2 to 11.75 x10 -2 g of dry extract/ml. However, a much limited spectrum of activity was observed for the other bacterial species. R. communis and H. madagascariensis had no in vitro activities on E. coli, while H. madagascariensis and E. floribundus were not effective against B. subtilis. The same phenol coefficient of 30 indicated similar antibacterial effect on ","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"215 1","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72663522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}