Frontiers in Cognition最新文献

{"title":"Incorporation of a dual-task cognitive exercise during unsupported seated balance in collegiate para athletes.","authors":"Ryan N Moran, Alexandra C Curry","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1826820","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1826820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Balance remains a critical element in the evaluation and management of sports injury, with recent recommendations to integrate dual-task cognitive exercises into balancing to further challenge the body's vestibular and somatosensory systems. Dual-task balancing has yet to be examined in a sample of para-athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a dual-task cognitive exercise on unsupported, seated balance in a sample of healthy, collegiate para-athletes. A secondary objective was to investigate the role of sex, concussion history, and functional classification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 52 participants completed a seated balance battery, with their eyes open and closed, on a stable and unstable surface, under both single and dual-task conditions. Measures consisted of human-scored biomechanical errors of coming out of the seated positions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 90 and 94% of participants committed 0 errors during stable and unstable single-task, along with stable dual-task, while only 86.5% had 0 errors for unstable, dual-task balancing. No sex differences were observed during single and dual-task balancing. Concussion history and functional classification did not affect performance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The lack of differences between single and dual-task indicates that dual-task cognitive exercises or human-scored errors may not appropriately affect and assess upright seated balance and may require more dynamic tasks to further challenge balance and postural stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1826820"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13334555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148440555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does retrieval practice protect memories against the amnesic effects of stress? An evaluation of the role of stimulus difficulty.","authors":"Cadu Klier, Luciano Grüdtner Buratto","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1838176","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1838176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous research suggests that the protective effect of retrieval practice against acute stress may be modulated by item difficulty, with difficult items showing distinct vulnerability patterns compared to easy items. The present study aimed to replicate and extend these findings by strictly controlling for initial memory strength-a potential confound in prior work.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a 2 (Stress: Control vs. Stress) × 3 (Difficulty: E4, D4, D8) mixed factorial design, 56 male participants encoded 48 Swahili-Portuguese word pairs via retrieval practice. Items were manipulated by memorability and practice dosage to equalize initial strength between Easy (E4) and Difficult-Extended (D8) conditions. Forty-eight hours after encoding, participants underwent the modified Socially-Evaluated Cold Pressor Test (SECPT) or a control procedure before a final cued-recall test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the stress manipulation successfully elevated salivary cortisol and autonomic measures, the previously observed Stress × Difficulty interaction was not replicated. Results indicated a main effect of Difficulty, but stress did not impair retrieval performance across conditions. Notably, difficult items subjected to extended practice (D8) achieved recall rates comparable to easy items (E4), and both were unaffected by stress.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings suggest that when memory traces are strengthened via repeated retrieval practice, they may become resistant to the deleterious effects of acute stress, regardless of intrinsic item difficulty.</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1838176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13281231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148310795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination dynamics in singing with human and artificial partners: the role of visual information.","authors":"Rina Nishiyama, Tetsushi Nonaka","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1810330","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1810330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examined whether coordination dynamics in singing differ when a person sings along with a human partner vs. an artificial partner generated by voice synthesis software (VOCALOID 6). We further investigated how the presence or absence of visual information shapes these coordination patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirteen female participants sang a chorus excerpt of Silent Night in unison with a partner heard through earphones. The task crossed two partner types (a human singer and an artificial VOCALOID 6 singer) with two visual conditions (with and without partner video). Artificial-partner videos were created using an AI video platform (Hedra Character 3) that combined the artificial partner's synthesized voice with a still image of the human partner. Coordination was assessed through cross-correlation and Granger causality analyses of vocal amplitude envelopes, evaluated using linear mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Singing with a human partner elicited stronger anticipatory synchronization and greater similarity in amplitude envelopes than singing with an artificial partner. With the human partner, participants tended to sing slightly ahead of their partner, indicative of anticipatory coordination. Notably, this tendency was further strengthened when visual information was available.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These findings indicate that the temporal variability of the human singing voice, together with the fine-grained bodily movements characteristic of naturalistic vocal production, provides perceptual information that supports anticipation and synchronization in joint singing.</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1810330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13281077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148311022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality over quantity: joint group dance strengthens schoolchildren's social connections and wellbeing.","authors":"Bahar Tunçgenç, Chloe Wider, Katie Spreadborough, Kaleab A Kinfu","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1783852","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1783852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children are experiencing high levels of loneliness and mental health problems around the globe, with those from underserved communities being affected disproportionately. Group dance programmes, which facilitate social connections and wellbeing, can buffer against loneliness. However, we know little about the mechanisms behind the effectiveness of these programmes and their long-term and group-level effects. This study examined whether it is mere engagement in group dance or better individual dance performance that fosters social connections and wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pre-post design was used to assess the social connection and wellbeing effects of a 10-week-long group dance programme in schoolchildren (<i>N</i> = 25) from a low-income background. Social connection was measured at peer-to-peer and whole-class network levels. Dance performance was measured using state-of-the-art motion tracking techniques. Wellbeing was measured using the well-established KIDSCREEN-10 questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Linear mixed effects models and Social Network Analysis were conducted to examine change over time. Participation in group dance, but not dance performance, was associated with significant increases in reciprocal friendships and reciprocal best friends. Wellbeing improved over time, and an increase in friendship quality (i.e., reciprocal friendships), but not just quantity (i.e., social network size), predicted improvements in wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Joint group dance in a school setting can enhance wellbeing at individual-level and strengthen friendship quality at peer-level and whole-class level. These positive changes are observed regardless of individuals' performance, indicating that the joint nature of group dance can be sufficient to elicit social and wellbeing benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1783852"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148310980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humanlikeness as design, anthropomorphism as inference: a conceptual framework for human-robot interaction.","authors":"Elizabeth K Phillips, Ewart J de Visser","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1786256","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1786256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humanlike robots are increasingly deployed in public and private settings, yet research and design efforts are hindered by persistent conceptual conflation between robots' humanlikeness and individuals' anthropomorphism, as well as by a hyperfocus on appearance-based definitions. This paper distinguishes humanlikeness as a multidimensional design property-the extent to which the design of an agent intentionally mimics human characteristics, traits, processes, or behaviors-from anthropomorphism as a psychological attribution process in which people ascribe human properties to non-human agents. We argue that treating these constructs as analytically distinct, while recognizing their reciprocal and dynamic interaction over time, enables more precise theorizing, clearer operationalization, and more actionable design guidance. To support cumulative interdisciplinary work, we situate both constructs within an integrated framework that organizes adjacent constructs (e.g., humanness, machinelikeness, animism, personification, and dehumanization) and provide curated measurement resources to facilitate principled study design and evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1786256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148310983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Attentional capture effects are modulated by the number of concurrently maintained search goals.","authors":"Katherine Sledge Moore, Ariel M Kershner","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1878705","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1878705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcogn.2026.1818391.].</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1878705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148311100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature nurtures our wellbeing: primary emotions and attachment mediate our psychological adjustment via connectedness to nature.","authors":"Amadeu Quelhas Martins, Júlia Fonte, Nuno Torres, Paulo Ferrajão","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1857956","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1857956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research suggests that the psychological benefits of natural environments are not uniformly experienced, with individual differences in nature connectedness potentially shaped by temperament traits and attachment patterns moderating their impact on psychological wellbeing. Drawing on Affective Neuroscience theory, which conceptualizes basic human motivational tendencies as primary emotional systems (CARE, SEEKING, PLAY, FEAR, ANGER, PANIC), we examined whether these systems are linked to anxiety and depression symptoms through attachment patterns and nature connectedness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A non-clinical sample of 592 Portuguese adults, aged 18 or older, completed self-report measures of primary emotional systems, attachment, nature connectedness, and psychological symptoms. A multiple step mediation was tested through Structural Equation Modeling, employing bootstrapped confidence intervals to test for indirect effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four association pathways emerged from the data, namely (1) a Biophilic Connection path, in which positive emotional systems were associated with lower anxiety and depression via greater connectedness to nature; (2) an Attachment to Nature path, whereby secure attachment tendencies supported wellbeing through enhanced nature connectedness; (3) an Anger-Nature Disconnection path, in which anger-related tendencies were linked to poorer outcomes through reduced connection to nature; and (4) a Fear-Nature Disconnection path, whereby fear-related emotions and attachment insecurity contributed to worse mental health via diminished nature connectedness.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings highlight distinct emotional and relational trajectories through which connectedness to nature may influence psychological wellbeing, offering an integrative framework for understanding individual variability in nature's psychological benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1857956"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148310971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychophysiological effects of low-frequency sound mediated by room size, room shape, and stimulus duration.","authors":"Paul Oomen, Rona Geffen, Daniela Gentile, Nour Atassi, Bashar Farran, Christoph Braun, Veronica Cuevas Villanueva, Luka Nadiradze, Máté Csanád, Amira Val Baker","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1806052","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1806052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Music and sounds elicit a wide range of emotions and activate numerous psychological and physiological effects associated with the functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and involved in the maintenance of homeostasis. As such, sound interventions can play an important role in supporting human wellbeing and improve outcomes in medical patients. Psychophysiological responses are dependent on the stimulus type, frequency, duration, and spatial conditions of the acoustic environment. To arrive at a more articulate understanding of these dependencies, the effects of singing bowl sounds at 40 Hz, 73 Hz, and 110 Hz were investigated by monitoring physiological, behavioral and emotional responses in healthy adult subjects (<i>n</i> = 59). Singing bowl sounds were spatially projected in three virtual room sizes (small, medium, large) and eight virtual room shapes (pyramid, tetrahedron, cube, octahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron, cuboctahedron, and sphere). Overall, exposure to low-frequency singing bowl sounds resulted in a significant increase in positive emotions and a significant decrease in negative emotions across all conditions. Contrary to other studies, we found no discrete effects related to the stimulus type or frequency. Significant differences in electroencephalography (EEG), heart rate variability (HRV) and electromyography (EMG) were consistently dependent on a combination of stimulus frequency and spatial condition, i.e. the resonance of a sound in a room with a particular size and shape. Significant differences in localized EEG power were strongly correlated to localized amplitude deviations of sound waves, while the phase shift of sound wave frequency was predictive of EEG frequency. Significant differences in HR and EMG were strongly correlated to the mean, variability and standard deviation of phase distortions of sound waves. Discrete effects of room shape were observed in galvanic skin response (GSR). Arousal was significantly decreased in a cube and cubeoctahedron, regardless of the frequency. Discrete effects of stimulus duration were observed in GSR and EMG. Arousal was significantly increased during the first 15 min of exposure and significantly decreased until 40 min, regardless of the frequency and spatial condition. We discuss the implications of these findings for future research and therapeutic practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1806052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148310982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the left-right brain divide: a framework for dual-domain cognitive fluency.","authors":"Don A Affognon","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1727422","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1727422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Longstanding distinctions between \"verbal\" and \"mathematical\" minds continue to shape educational assessment, curriculum design, and how learners are categorized by perceived cognitive strengths. Yet plenty of evidence from psychology and cognitive neuroscience points to a more unified model of intelligence that refutes the false dichotomy. In this article, I propose dual-domain cognitive fluency (DDCF) as a way to describe how the human mind can move fluidly between words and numbers and derive meaning from both. Building on research in symbolic cognition, executive function, and cognitive flexibility, this article identifies three dimensions: symbolic translation between modalities, cognitive flexibility across task demands, and layered reasoning, which integrates propositional logic with linguistic abstraction. DDCF captures the symbolic agility now required in knowledge-based environments where the integration of representational systems matters more than isolated domain expertise. Examples range from data storytelling in journalism to algebraic modeling in the social sciences-contexts in which verbal and quantitative reasoning operate in tandem. These insights matter for pedagogy, curriculum design, and the evolving demands of data-intensive workplaces. Far from a niche ability, dual-domain fluency reflects a generalizable cognitive capacity that existing models of intelligence have struggled to measure, reward, or systematically support.</p>","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1727422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148311083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Cognition in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Elke Kalbe, Wolfgang H Jost","doi":"10.3389/fcogn.2026.1850845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcogn.2026.1850845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94013,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cognition","volume":"5 ","pages":"1850845"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13271112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148310825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}