Sujiao Li, Yixin Yang, Shuyi Cheng, Lei Zhang, Hongliu Yu
{"title":"Current progress of active compliance control strategies and applications in lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots: a narrative review.","authors":"Sujiao Li, Yixin Yang, Shuyi Cheng, Lei Zhang, Hongliu Yu","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2640198","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2640198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With the increasing requirements for performance and safety of lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots, researchers are exploring various active compliance control strategies to improve the compliance of control and enhance safety and effectiveness of rehabilitation training. The focus of this paper is to evaluate existing active compliance control strategies applied to lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots, highlighting their principles, key technologies, and performance.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Web of Science from 2000 to 2025, starting with the broad keyword 'active compliance control strategy' and narrowing down to specific aspects such as 'impedance control'. Sixty-nine articles were reviewed, and eight active compliance control strategies were divided into three categories according to their core principles: impedance control (<i>n</i> = 18), force, and position hybrid control (<i>n</i> = 27) and machine learning-based hybrid control (<i>n</i> = 24). Their applications in five types of lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots are outlined.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Active compliance control strategies for lower limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robots are necessary for safe human-robot interaction and assist-as-needed implementation. This paper envisions the concept of an active compliance controller that covers the entire rehabilitation cycle, ensuring that the robot is continuously aligned with the patient's rehabilitation needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"493-507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147319110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gustavo Rc de Freitas, Sanjay A Patel, Shigeki Fujitani, Yusuke Terasaka, Angel A Sarabia Collazo, Andrew Barton, Leanne Ruegg, Amanda Griffin, Matthew O'Brien, Idal Beer
{"title":"Clinical and economic impact of vascular access teams utilizing an IC-ECG-based tip confirmation system for peripherally inserted central catheters.","authors":"Gustavo Rc de Freitas, Sanjay A Patel, Shigeki Fujitani, Yusuke Terasaka, Angel A Sarabia Collazo, Andrew Barton, Leanne Ruegg, Amanda Griffin, Matthew O'Brien, Idal Beer","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2639570","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2639570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are commonly used in clinical practice. Historical PICC placement methods (e.g. fluoroscopy-guided placement or blind insertion with confirmatory chest X-ray) have many limitations and are associated with longer wait times, treatment delays, and potential risks to patient safety. One such way of addressing some of these issues is the use of dedicated systems that integrate ultrasound vessel selection and PICC insertion, magnetic catheter tip navigation, and intracavitary electrocardiogram-based tip confirmation (IC-ECG). The uptake of these systems has been slow in some parts of the world. This narrative review aims to assess the clinical and economic value of an integrated IC-ECG based tip confirmation system for PICC placement.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review article will focus on the scientific literature discussing the bedside application and benefits of an IC-ECG-based tip confirmation system (Sherlock 3CG™), specifically for PICC placement. These systems can be associated with greater efficiency, improved safety outcomes, fewer exposures to ionizing radiation from fluoroscopy and X-ray confirmation, shortened procedure times, and increased procedural accuracy when compared with other historical methods.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Based on this review, the authors found that an IC-ECG based tip confirmation system can offer safe, effective, and cost-saving bedside PICC placement compared to conventional PICC placement methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"481-491"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147345979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wouter Pieteraerens, Brenda van Delft, Annelies Scholliers, Domien Vanhonacker, Katrien Beeckman, Tim Torsy
{"title":"Impact of accelerated Seldinger technique long peripheral catheters on catheter-related outcomes: a systematic review.","authors":"Wouter Pieteraerens, Brenda van Delft, Annelies Scholliers, Domien Vanhonacker, Katrien Beeckman, Tim Torsy","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2635641","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2635641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In recent years, the long peripheral catheter (LPC) has been introduced into clinical practice, filling the gap between short peripheral catheters and midline catheters. Heterogeneous nomenclature has created ambiguity regarding clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and PubMed (2000-2023) identified studies evaluating Accelerated Seldinger Technique (AST) placed LPCs in adults with difficult intravenous access (DIVA). Only Prospective and retrospective studies were included. Data extraction and quality assessment was independently performed by two authors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies reporting 1871 catheter placements were included, comprising eight retrospective studies, one pilot RCT, and two RCTs. Mean LPC dwell time ranged from 2.92 (±0.54) to 17.1 (±12.3) days. Reported complications included infiltration (0-24%), dysfunction (3.6-15.7%), thrombosis (0.5-15.4%), infection (0-10.2%), occlusion (0.5-10.2%), and phlebitis (0.7-9.8%). Ten studies were rated low quality and one moderate, mainly due to selection bias and inconsistent outcome reporting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review found a moderate number of catheter-related complications for AST-placed LPCs. In patients with DIVA, AST-LPCs may provide a potentially more durable option compared with short peripheral catheters, although the evidence is limited by inconsistent reporting of therapy completion and catheter outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"425-438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146230396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nai-Chien Huan, Niranjan Ananda Setty, Dhaval Thakkar, Y C Gary Lee
{"title":"Targeting the leak: endobronchial valves for treatment of pneumothorax.","authors":"Nai-Chien Huan, Niranjan Ananda Setty, Dhaval Thakkar, Y C Gary Lee","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2636223","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2636223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The global health burden of pneumothorax is rising. Persistent air leak (PAL) from pneumothorax is a major driver of morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and healthcare cost. Endobronchial valves (EBVs) are increasingly used as a minimally invasive treatment option for PAL based on limited evidence.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review examines published evidence on clinical effectiveness in reducing/stopping air leak, and the risks and limitations on EBV use in management of PAL. A targeted search of PubMed from database inception to December 2025 was performed, and reference lists of key publications were screened. Relevant recommendations from current clinical guidelines are summarized.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Evidence supporting the use of EBV in PAL is limited to case series/reports in which EBV appears effective in selected patients, often as a 'last resort.' Successful use of EBV requires expertise in patient selection, valve placement and their aftercare. EBV is expensive and has recognized risks. Its efficacy, safety and generalizability to unselected PAL patients are yet to be determined. Early phase clinical trials are underway to gather data to inform future definitive studies. As it stands, EBV remains an available option with limited evidence base, alongside autologous blood patch and chemical pleurodesis, for patients with PAL unsuitable for surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"401-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146260514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tuan M Vo, Toan T Nguyen, Dat Q Nguyen, Thang N Tran, Yunhee Kang
{"title":"Investigation of consistency in sleep quality evaluation using a Fitbit device compared to a structured questionnaire among breastfeeding mothers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.","authors":"Tuan M Vo, Toan T Nguyen, Dat Q Nguyen, Thang N Tran, Yunhee Kang","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2628845","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2628845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A new health monitoring device called Fitbit Charge 6 has appeared on the Vietnamese market. This study aimed to evaluate the consistency between Fitbit Charge 6 and structured interview questions in measuring sleep quality among breastfeeding mothers.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study utilizing random convenience sampling was conducted in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, involving 208 breastfeeding women one month postpartum. The participants used the Fitbit Charge 6 device continuously for four days and three nights to gather daily sleep information; then, they were administered a structured sleep questionnaire via home interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The correlation between the total sleep time (TST) recorded by both the device and interview was weak (<i>r</i> = 0.28), as was the correlation for short nap duration (<i>r</i> = 0.25). The agreement between the Fitbit Sleep Score and sleep satisfaction from the questionnaire was 79.9%, with a notably low kappa coefficient (0.02), indicating a lack of strong agreement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Fitbit Charge 6 did not show reliable correlation with the subjective sleep data reported by one-month postpartum breastfeeding women. Further research employing rigorous comparative studies is necessary to assess the validity and reliability of sleep data collection methods for this demographic.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"439-447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146128112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobias Schupp, Mohammad Abumayyaleh, Michael Behnes, Ibrahim Akin
{"title":"Mechanical circulatory support in cardiogenic shock: a tool, not the treatment.","authors":"Tobias Schupp, Mohammad Abumayyaleh, Michael Behnes, Ibrahim Akin","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2634854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2634854","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"359-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146222528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaarada Srivatsa, Daniel T Lilly, Bilal B Butt, Ghaith Habboub, Dominic Pelle, Michael Steinmetz, Ajit Krishnaney, Arpan A Patel
{"title":"Review and evolution of occipital fixation devices and techniques.","authors":"Shaarada Srivatsa, Daniel T Lilly, Bilal B Butt, Ghaith Habboub, Dominic Pelle, Michael Steinmetz, Ajit Krishnaney, Arpan A Patel","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2628843","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2628843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Occipital-cervical (OC) fixation poses distinctive challenges due to unique craniocervical junction (CCJ) anatomy and a complex range of pathology leading to CCJ instability. There has been substantial evolution in modern OC fixation techniques since their introduction in the 1990s, each with implications on rate of fusion, range of motion, and ease of use.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We performed a manual review of OC fixation techniques via a query of the National Library of Medicine MEDLINE database between 10 September and 1 October 2025. Categories of OC fixation included sublaminar wiring and bone graft, pre-integrated and modular plate-based constructs, non-plate-based screw-rod constructs, occipital condyle screws, and C1-occipital transarticular screws.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Patient outcomes are comparable between modern plate-based and non-plate-based fixation systems, thus selection of technique is determined by surgeon preference, ease of use, and patient-specific anatomical considerations. Increasingly, modular plate-based and eyelet screw systems are gaining popularity due to their adaptability to varying anatomy, with poly-axial condylar and transarticular screws representing bail-out options in cases of suboccipital decompression or prior hardware failure due to the risk this technique poses to neurovascular structures. Future innovation may give rise to 3-D printed personalized implants for cases with complex anatomical or pathological considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"393-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146168639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FDA 510(k) clearances for chronic pain devices: regulatory trends and safety outcomes from 1976-2025.","authors":"Bassel Almarie, Felipe Fregni","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2633305","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2633305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We characterized regulatory and safety patterns of FDA 510(k)-cleared chronic pain devices over five decades.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We analyzed 1718 chronic pain devices cleared from 1976-2025, assessing device modality, review times, recalls (2002-2025), and market concentration (Herfindahl - Hirschman Index, HHI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most devices were noninvasive neuromodulation (1,486 [86.5%]), followed by invasive neuromodulation (162 [9.4%]), energy-based (67 [3.9%]), and digital therapeutics (3 [0.2%]). Median FDA review was 117 days (IQR, 69-220) - shorter for invasive (90 days; IQR, 42-156) than noninvasive neuromodulation (120 days; IQR, 70-222). US-origin devices declined from 97.6% (1976-1985) to 43.1% (2016-2025). Invasive devices declined 45% from peak (12.3%, 1996-2005) to 6.7% (2016-2025), while digital therapeutics emerged post-2016. Among 843 devices evaluated for safety, invasive devices had 14-fold higher recall rates than noninvasive (100 vs. 7.1 per 1000); median time to recall was 3.9 years (IQR, 2.9-4.7). Market concentration differed markedly: invasive devices highly concentrated (HHI, 3710; single manufacturer 58%) versus fragmented noninvasive markets (HHI, 43).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite shorter regulatory review, invasive chronic pain devices demonstrated substantially higher recall rates. The shift toward globally sourced noninvasive technologies reflects evolving regulatory-technological considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"449-455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johan van Koll, Jacqueline Joza, Justin G L M Luermans, Joost Lumens, Kevin Vernooy
{"title":"Whole-heart electro-mechanical optimization: an integrative systems approach to modern cardiac pacing.","authors":"Johan van Koll, Jacqueline Joza, Justin G L M Luermans, Joost Lumens, Kevin Vernooy","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2632135","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2632135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Modern-day cardiac pacing is no longer limited to the treatment of bradycardia but can be tailored to optimize cardiac hemodynamics through coordinated modulation of heart rate, atrioventricular (AV) coupling, and atrial and ventricular activation patterns as an integrated system. While traditional approaches have addressed these components in isolation, this review summarizes the mechanisms and clinical evidence of a 'whole-heart electro-mechanical optimization' approach for the treatment of bradycardia.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Accelerated atrial pacing can lower left-sided filling pressures and improve symptoms in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and diastolic dysfunction. Bachmann bundle-area pacing restores physiological atrial activation, which not only improves diastolic filling and reduces atrial arrhythmia burden but also redefines the effective AV delay. AV-sequential pacing enables optimization of AV-coupling to enhance left ventricular filling by restoring appropriate timing between early ventricular filling and atrial contraction, and by reducing diastolic mitral regurgitation. Importantly, conduction system pacing, typically left bundle branch area pacing, preserves near-normal ventricular activation enabling the full hemodynamic benefits of the preceding interventions without pacing-induced dyssynchrony.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Together, these complementary and interdependent pacing strategies form an integrated 'whole-heart electro-mechanical optimization' approach aimed at integrative optimization of whole-heart pump function in selected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"381-391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Wesal, Farida Hesham, Mohamed A M Gad, Mostafa Abdelrahim, Nariman Ahmed Sayed, Nour Bahgat, Nour Allah Zaki, Aliaa Rehan Youssef
{"title":"Modalities and algorithms for generalized motor seizure detection and prediction: a scoping review.","authors":"Ahmed Wesal, Farida Hesham, Mohamed A M Gad, Mostafa Abdelrahim, Nariman Ahmed Sayed, Nour Bahgat, Nour Allah Zaki, Aliaa Rehan Youssef","doi":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2632757","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17434440.2026.2632757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Generalized tonic - clonic seizures (GTCS) is a major cause of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP); thus, continuous monitoring is essential. Electroencephalography (EEG) is the diagnostic gold standard; however, non-EEG wearables have emerged as promising, user-friendly alternatives enhancing comfort, mobility, and social acceptance.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This scoping review compared sensing modalities and computational methods used for seizure detection and prediction, identified effective sensor combinations, and highlighted current research gaps. Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and PubMed databases were searched up to 22 April 2025. Twenty-nine studies met inclusion criteria. For seizure detection, combining electrodermal activity (EDA) with motion sensors - accelerometers (ACC) and gyroscopes (GYR) - and surface electromyography (sEMG) achieved high reliability, 98.6% precision, while using ACC and EDA alone yielded superior sensitivities up to 97.2% and a lower false alarm rate (FAR) of 0.53/24 h. Regarding seizure prediction, combining EDA, blood volume pulse (BVP), ACC, and temperature showed the highest sensitivity of 75.6%.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Wearable multimodal non-EEG seizure detection and prediction systems offer personalized care but face validation, hardware, and privacy hurdles. Future success depends on efficient AI, IoT integration, patient-centric design, and clear regulations ensuring accessible and trustworthy clinical tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":94006,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of medical devices","volume":" ","pages":"409-424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146204522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}