Endocrine-related cancer最新文献

{"title":"Hepatic arterial embolization procedures in neuroendocrine tumors with carcinoid heart disease: a retrospective single-center study on safety and feasibility.","authors":"Théodore Vuong, Lambros Tselikas, Julien Hadoux, Sondés Smaali, Matthieu Faron, Thierry De Baère, Livia Lamartina, Sophie Moog, Elena Fernandez De Sevilla, Paul Beunon, Stéphane Ederhy, Yves Menu, Frédéric Deschamps, Éric Baudin, Baptiste Bonnet","doi":"10.1530/ERC-26-0128","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-26-0128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key findings: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular imaging and radioligand therapies in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas.","authors":"Jorge H Hernandez-Felix, Mahshid Golagha, Abhishek Jha, Diana Varghese, Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg, Rachel Riechelmann, Nicola Fazio, Marianne Pavel, Frank I Lin, David Taïeb, Karel Pacak, Jaydira Del Rivero","doi":"10.1530/ERC-26-0036","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-26-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors of neural crest origin that exhibit wide clinical and biological heterogeneity. While surgical resection remains the only curative option, many patients have unresectable or metastatic progressive disease with uncontrolled secretion, requiring alternative management strategies. Advances in genetics have revealed germline pathogenic variants in up to 30-40% of cases, refining tumor classification and guiding the use of molecularly targeted imaging. Functional imaging modalities, such as 68Ga or 64Cu-DOTA-SSA (somatostatin analogs), 18F-FDOPA, 18F-FDG and 123I-MIBG, exploit tumor biology, such as somatostatin receptor expression, catecholamine biosynthesis and altered glucose metabolism. These approaches not only improve diagnostic accuracy but also help in prognosis and selection to therapies. Radioligand therapies have emerged as a pivotal option in advanced PPGLs. High-specific-activity 131I-MIBG has demonstrated durable disease control, symptomatic improvement and favorable safety in multicenter studies, leading to US Food and Drug Administration approval for metastatic PPGL, although currently not commercially available. More recently, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 177Lu-DOTATATE has shown disease control rates of 80-100% in prospective and retrospective trials, with outcomes enhanced by standardized dosing strategies. Ongoing studies are evaluating PRRT in genetically defined subgroups and exploring synergistic combinations, including radiosensitizing approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148451106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing an epithelial signature for prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.","authors":"Ziyuan Wang, Shu Xu, Xuechen Chen, Zhiding Yang, Wenjia Liu, Hanchen Zhao, Zhonglin Wang, Ziao Lin, Zhiming Xu","doi":"10.1530/ERC-25-0515","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-25-0515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) shows heterogeneous clinical behavior, and current clinicopathologic factors do not fully capture epithelial aggressiveness or tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling. We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets from normal thyroid tissue, primary PTC, and lymph-node metastases to construct a cross-stage cellular atlas and to characterize epithelial and T/NK cell heterogeneity. Guided by the malignant epithelial program identified at single-cell resolution, we developed a four-gene risk signature in the TCGA-THCA cohort using Cox and LASSO regression. We further evaluated pathway activity, immune and stromal features, T cell receptor (TCR) diversity, and exploratory in silico drug-response patterns, and we performed small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of TMEM45A and STC1 in PTC cell lines. The integrated atlas revealed stage-related remodeling of epithelial, immune, and stromal compartments and identified a malignant epithelial state enriched for proliferation-, stress-, and migration-related programs. The four-gene signature was associated with overall survival stratification in TCGA-THCA after adjustment for age, sex, and stage. The high-risk group showed reduced immune infiltration, stronger stromal and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signals, lower TCR diversity, and distinct predicted drug-response patterns. In vitro, TMEM45A or STC1 silencing suppressed proliferation and migration and altered EMT-related markers in PTC cells. These findings indicate that a malignant epithelial program defined by single-cell analysis can be translated into a four-gene signature associated with epithelial aggressiveness and TME remodeling in PTC, although its clinical utility requires validation in independent cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148450974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: from diagnostic modeling to clinically integrated decision support systems.","authors":"Christina Pamporaki, Karolina Zawadzka, Angelos Filippatos, Graeme Eisenhofer","doi":"10.1530/ERC-26-0124","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-26-0124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, interest in artificial intelligence (AI) has expanded rapidly in medicine. In pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL), AI-based studies have increased but remain constrained by limited data typical of rare diseases. This review provides current AI and machine learning (ML) applications in PPGL across diagnostics, imaging, molecular classification, perioperative risk prediction, and disease stratification and outlines practical pathways for clinically robust translation. More specifically, AI methods have been applied to improve interpretation of catecholamine metabolites by moving from binary thresholds toward probabilistic outputs and integrated clinicobiochemical models. Omics-based ML approaches (metabolomics, methylomics, and transcriptomics) and radiomics models show promising discriminatory performance for disease detection, tumor characterization, and risk stratification, including predictors of aggressive behavior and perioperative instability. However, most studies are retrospective, single-center, and modestly sized and frequently lack independent external validation. Key translational barriers include heterogeneity of imaging/omics pipelines, insufficient reporting of calibration and clinical utility, limited interpretability, and sparse attention to governance and regulatory pathways. Although ML integration into clinical decision support systems could address several of these gaps, implementation studies in PPGL are scarce, and evidence indicates that probability scores alone may not improve expert decision-making without careful workflow integration and evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":"33 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148474936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin and evolution of colorectal mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNEN).","authors":"Siren Morken, Halfdan Sorbye, Wei Deng, Hatice Toprak Dogramaci, Andreas Venizelos, Lene Weber Vestermark, Per Pfeiffer, Christian Kersten, Aurel Perren, Stian Knappskog","doi":"10.1530/ERC-26-0170","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-26-0170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare and aggressive cancer and in a subset of patients associated with an adenocarcinoma (AC) component. When both components exceed 30% of the tumour, it is classified as mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN), although there is an ongoing debate about whether any presence of two distinct components should be sufficient for a MiNEN diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate the origin and subsequent genetic changes of these two components. Ten colorectal cases suitable for sampling of an AC and a poorly differentiated NEC component were identified from the NORDIC NEC 2 study and sequenced across a 360-cancer gene panel. Mock phylogenetic trees were constructed from the molecular profiles of each sample within a patient. All ten cases revealed a common trunk of shared somatic mutations, including well-known colorectal cancer driver mutations such as BRAF, KRAS, APC, and TP53. In all cases, a single branching point separated the AC and NEC components. Private AC and NEC mutations generally had low variant allele frequencies, indicating that most AC and NEC cells were genetically similar. NEC, when compared with AC samples, demonstrated a higher frequency of private mutations (P = 0.009), indicating a higher mutation rate and greater ploidy (P = 0.012), suggesting an association between genomic duplication and AC-to-NEC transition. Shared mutations indicate a common clonal origin, underscoring the role of established colorectal driver mutations in the early development of these tumours, while the mechanisms underlying NEC differentiation remain poorly understood and may involve non-genetic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FROM DISCOVERY SCIENCE TO THE CLINIC - HERITABLE ENDOCRINE CANCERS AND RELATED DISORDERS: Functional imaging in hereditary endocrine neoplasms: evolving modalities and clinical implications.","authors":"Stephen Ludgate, Sarah C Brennan, James McNeil, Venessa Hm Tsang, Bruce G Robinson, Lyndal Tacon, Roderick J Clifton-Bligh, Matti L Gild","doi":"10.1530/ERC-25-0516","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-25-0516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary endocrine neoplastic syndromes require structured, lifelong surveillance owing to their multisystem involvement, variable penetrance, and high risk of multifocal and metastatic disease. Functional imaging (FI) is now integral to their management, providing molecular characterisation that complements conventional anatomical modalities and frequently enables earlier or more specific lesion detection. This review summarises current FI approaches across major hereditary syndromes, including multiple endocrine neoplasia types 1-4, von Hippel-Lindau disease, and hereditary paraganglioma-phaeochromocytoma syndromes with emphasis on radiotracer selection, genotype-phenotype correlations and implications for clinical practice. The performance and biological rationale for established radiotracers, including 18F-FDG, 68Ga-DOTATATE, 18F-DOPA, and choline-based PET agents and emerging probes, is described. Increasing evidence supports genotype-directed imaging algorithms, particularly in HPPSs, where molecular subtype predicts tracer avidity and guides theranostic strategies. The expanding theranostic framework, anchored in somatostatin receptors and norepinephrine transporter-directed radiopharmaceuticals, has reshaped treatment pathways for advanced and metastatic disease. Implementation challenges persist, including variable global access, high costs, workforce limitations, and concerns regarding cumulative radiation exposure during decades of surveillance. Technical constraints related to spatial resolution, partial-volume effects, and motion artefact continue to limit the sensitivity of small-lesion detection. Emerging approaches incorporating radiomics and artificial intelligence offer opportunities to enhance lesion characterisation, infer genetic subtype, and improve prognostication. Advancing FI in hereditary endocrine neoplasia will require genetically informed surveillance protocols, harmonised imaging standards, and equitable access to specialised modalities. Collectively, these developments have the potential to refine risk stratification, improve treatment selection, and optimise long-term outcomes for individuals with hereditary endocrine malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraprostatic steroid hormones and endocrine disruptors in prostate cancer.","authors":"Jana Vitku, Tereza Skodova, Anezka Varausova, Lukas Gadus, Michal Horenitzky, Marie Novakova, Martin Hill, Michaela Svojtkova, Lucie Kolatorova, Adela Lukaskova, Jiri Heracek","doi":"10.1530/ERC-26-0153","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-26-0153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer (PCa) is a hormone-dependent malignancy governed by steroid signaling. Despite characterization of androgen pathways, the broader intraprostatic steroid environment remains underexplored. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may modulate these processes, yet their tissue distribution is largely unknown. We aimed to comprehensively profile intraprostatic steroids and EDCs and assess their associations with tumor aggressiveness, prognosis, and risk stratification. Thirty steroids and 16 EDCs were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in cancerous tissue, non-cancerous tissues (from peripheral and transition zones), and plasma from 173 patients with localized PCa undergoing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. Analysis of variance was used to compare analyte levels across biological matrices and according to disease aggressiveness, multivariate statistical models evaluated associations with patient prognosis and risk categories, and machine learning (ML) models were applied for risk stratification. Steroid profiles differed markedly between plasma and prostate tissue, whereas EDCs accumulated in the prostate and were generally not associated with plasma concentrations. Cancerous tissue showed lower conjugated dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and higher pregnenolone, corticoids, and testosterone compared to non-cancerous tissue. Elevated intratumoral cortisol, cortisone, androstenedione, conjugated testosterone, 7-ketoDHEA, and estrone were associated with greater tumor aggressiveness. Higher intratumoral parabens correlated with increased postoperative PSA, while conjugated dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and phytoestrogen daidzein were inversely associated with PSA levels. Higher EDC burden and intratumoral steroid levels were associated with higher risk categories. In contrast, DHT showed a consistent protective profile, being negatively associated with both prognosis and risk classification. Integrating steroids and EDCs improved ML-based risk classification beyond preoperative clinical variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148221417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The NET score: an interpretable AI-assisted prognostic score for mortality risk in lung neuroendocrine tumors.","authors":"Luca Bertolaccini, Francesca Spada, Lavinia Benini, Eleonora Pisa, Renato Lobrano, Giovanni Caffarena, Juliana Guarize, Monica Casiraghi, Nicola Fusco, Lorenzo Spaggiari, Nicola Fazio","doi":"10.1530/ERC-26-0164","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-26-0164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), including typical and atypical carcinoids, show heterogeneous outcomes. The existing nomograms are often complex and insufficiently validated, limiting their bedside use. A simple, reproducible model based on routine pathology is therefore needed. This study aimed to develop and internally validate the NET score, an interpretable, AI-assisted tool to estimate individualized mortality risk. In a retrospective cohort of resected pulmonary carcinoids, candidate predictors were screened using LASSO regression to reduce overfitting and identify key variables: nodal status, mitotic index (>2 per 2 mm2), necrosis, and Ki-67 (>5%). Selected variables were incorporated into a logistic regression model to generate a point-based score (0-8). The model estimates cumulative mortality risk across follow-up, not fixed-time survival. Internal validation included bootstrap and cross-validation to assess discrimination and calibration. The final model included LODDS > -0.5 (3 points), mitotic index >2 (2 points), necrosis (2 points), and Ki-67 (1 point). Discrimination was moderate (bootstrap-corrected AUC: 0.70). Risk groups were defined as low (0-2 points, ≤5%), intermediate (3-4 points, 8-12%), and high (≥5 points, ≥18%). Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated progressive survival stratification across risk groups. The NET score is a practical and interpretable prognostic tool for lung NETs. It supports risk communication and clinical decision-making while maintaining transparency. External validation is required. Combining AI-based variable selection with a simple scoring system represents a pragmatic approach to prognostic modeling in rare thoracic malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary tumor resection in the setting of unresectable metastatic disease in small bowel NETs: consensus and controversy.","authors":"Emilie Ak Warren, Madeline D Roorbach, Helen Ernyey, Udhayvir S Grewal, Alexandra Gangi, Daniel M Halperin, Seth Concors","doi":"10.1530/ERC-25-0477","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-25-0477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small bowel neuroendocrine tumors represent a rare malignancy, and most patients present with metastatic disease at diagnosis. While current guidelines from the North American Neuroendocrine Tumor Society and the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society agree that resection is indicated for symptomatic tumors causing obstruction, ischemia, or bleeding, the role of primary tumor resection in otherwise asymptomatic patients with unresectable metastatic disease remains controversial. This article reviews the existing evidence and highlights the role of primary tumor resection in the setting of metastatic disease. Retrospective studies support mixed findings: some boast a survival advantage for patients undergoing resection of the primary tumor, while others caution that other prognostic factors, including those related to tumor biology, are the true drivers of this benefit. However, it is known that many patients are not truly asymptomatic if a thorough history and physical is performed, and symptom burden can become significant over time. Upfront resection of the primary small bowel tumor prevents development of local complications, such as bowel obstruction or mesenteric vascular compromise, which may require emergency surgery. It has been shown that patients who underwent surgery in the emergent setting (as opposed to elective) had worse survival outcomes and tended to have more incomplete tumor resection and a significantly smaller lymph node yield. Nonetheless, the absence of prospective or randomized controlled studies leaves the value of primary tumor resection unproven, underscoring the critical need for well-designed trials incorporating quality-of-life metrics and obstruction-free survival as key patient-centered outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148201840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"B7-H3 (CD276) as a candidate therapeutic target in medullary thyroid cancer.","authors":"Teresa Binter, Erwin Tomasich, Philipp Melhorn, Peter Mazal, Philipp Riss, Christian Scheuba, Anna Bergmeister-Berghoff, Markus Raderer, Barbara Kiesewetter","doi":"10.1530/ERC-26-0241","DOIUrl":"10.1530/ERC-26-0241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine malignancy with limited therapeutic options in advanced disease. While selective RET inhibitors have expanded systemic treatment strategies, disease progression frequently occurs over time. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have shown efficacy in the treatment of solid tumors but require suitable cell-surface targets, which have not yet been systemically characterized in MTC. This study aimed to identify therapeutically relevant surface antigens in MTC using immunohistochemical profiling. In this retrospective exploratory study, tumor specimens of 41 patients with histologically confirmed MTC were analyzed. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from primary tumors were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for six therapeutically relevant cell-surface antigens. Surface expression was assessed and categorized as strong, weak, or absent. Statistical analyses were conducted using descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test. The study included 41 patients with MTC, representing different tumor stages and clinicopathological characteristics with lymph node involvement in 45%. B7-H3 showed membranous expression in 91% of the included cases with strong expression in 82%, which was consistent across tumor stages and clinical subgroups. In contrast, no expression was detected for Nectin-4, Trop-2, c-Met, PD-L2, and Claudin 18.2 in any evaluable samples. B7-H3 was identified as the only consistently and strongly expressed surface antigen in a clinically heterogeneous MTC cohort. These findings identify B7-H3 as a potential therapeutic opportunity for advanced MTC and underscore the limited number of targetable surface antigens in this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":93989,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine-related cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}