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12. Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Foot Care: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. 12. 视网膜病变，神经病变和足部护理：糖尿病护理标准-2025。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc25-S012
{"title":"12. Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Foot Care: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.2337/dc25-S012","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc25-S012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Diabetes Association (ADA) \"Standards of Care in Diabetes\" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":"48 Supplement_1","pages":"S252-S265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
15. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. 15. 妊娠糖尿病的管理：糖尿病护理标准-2025。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc25-S015
{"title":"15. Management of Diabetes in Pregnancy: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.2337/dc25-S015","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc25-S015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Diabetes Association (ADA) \"Standards of Care in Diabetes\" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":"48 Supplement_1","pages":"S306-S320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
3. Prevention or Delay of Diabetes and Associated Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. 3. 预防或延迟糖尿病及相关合并症：糖尿病护理标准-2025。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc25-S003
{"title":"3. Prevention or Delay of Diabetes and Associated Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.2337/dc25-S003","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc25-S003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Diabetes Association (ADA) \"Standards of Care in Diabetes\" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":"48 Supplement_1","pages":"S50-S58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
4. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. 4. 综合医学评价和合并症评估：糖尿病护理标准-2025。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc25-S004
{"title":"4. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation and Assessment of Comorbidities: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.2337/dc25-S004","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc25-S004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":"48 Supplement_1","pages":"S59-S85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Combination SGLT2 Inhibitor and Glucagon Receptor Antagonist Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. SGLT2 抑制剂与胰高血糖素受体拮抗剂联合治疗 1 型糖尿病：随机临床试验
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc24-0212
Schafer C Boeder, Robert L Thomas, Melissa J Le Roux, Erin R Giovannetti, Justin M Gregory, Jeremy H Pettus
{"title":"Combination SGLT2 Inhibitor and Glucagon Receptor Antagonist Therapy in Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Schafer C Boeder, Robert L Thomas, Melissa J Le Roux, Erin R Giovannetti, Justin M Gregory, Jeremy H Pettus","doi":"10.2337/dc24-0212","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc24-0212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the effects of insulin-adjunctive therapy with a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor and a glucagon receptor antagonist (GRA) on glycemia, insulin use, and ketogenesis during insulinopenia in type 1 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial we assessed the effects of adjunctive SGLT2 inhibitor therapy (dapagliflozin 10 mg daily) alone and in combination with the GRA volagidemab (70 mg weekly) in 12 adults with type 1 diabetes. Continuous glucose monitoring, insulin dosing, and insulin withdrawal tests (IWT) for measurement of glucose and ketogenesis during insulinopenia were completed during insulin-only (Baseline), SGLT2 inhibitor, and combination (SGLT2 inhibitor + GRA) therapy periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average glucose and percent time with glucose in range (70-180 mg/dL) improved with combination therapy versus Baseline and SGLT2 inhibitor (131 vs. 150 and 138 mg/dL [P < 0.001 and P = 0.01] and 86% vs. 70% and 78% [P < 0.001 and P = 0.03], respectively) without increased hypoglycemia. Total daily insulin use decreased with combination therapy versus Baseline and SGLT2 inhibitor (0.41 vs. 0.56 and 0.52 units/kg/day [P < 0.001 and P = 0.002]). Peak β-hydroxybutyrate levels during IWT were lower with combination therapy than with SGLT2 inhibitor (2.0 vs. 2.4 mmol/L; P = 0.048) and similar to levels reached during the Baseline testing period (2.1 mmol/L). Participants reported enhanced treatment acceptability and satisfaction with combination therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Glucagon antagonism enhances the therapeutic effects of SGLT2 inhibition in type 1 diabetes. Combination therapy improves glycemic control, reduces insulin dosing, and suggests a strategy to unlock the benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors while mitigating the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":" ","pages":"52-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141083013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interoceptive Awareness Is Associated With Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes. 1 型糖尿病患者的互感意识与低血糖意识受损有关。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc24-1720
Austin M Matus, Barbara Riegel, Michael R Rickels
{"title":"Interoceptive Awareness Is Associated With Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.","authors":"Austin M Matus, Barbara Riegel, Michael R Rickels","doi":"10.2337/dc24-1720","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc24-1720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the association between impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) and interoceptive awareness in type 1 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A total of 154 adults with type 1 diabetes completed IAH surveys and the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2 (MAIA-2). Logistic regression was performed for assessment of associations between IAH and MAIA-2, accounting for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant relationships were observed between IAH and two MAIA-2 scales. Each 1-point increase on the Not-Worrying subscale was associated with 87% increased odds of IAH (odds ratio 1.87, CI 1.01-3.46) and on the Attention Regulation subscale was associated with 72% decreased odds of IAH (0.28, 0.12-0.66). Compared with scoring >90th percentile for Attention Regulation, scoring <10th percentile and scoring in the 10th-90th percentiles were associated with 71-fold (71.26, 3.42-1482.10) and 12-fold (12.73, 1.19-135.57) increased odds of IAH, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Less worry about and reduced ability to sustain and control attention to body sensations were associated with significantly increased odds of IAH.</p>","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":" ","pages":"101-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11835601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
16. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. 16. 医院糖尿病护理：糖尿病护理标准-2025。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc25-S016
{"title":"16. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.2337/dc25-S016","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc25-S016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Diabetes Association (ADA) \"Standards of Care in Diabetes\" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":"48 Supplement_1","pages":"S321-S334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Response to Comment on Chen et al. Circulating Metabolite Biomarkers of Glycemic Control in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2024;47:1597-1607. 对 "Chen 等：青年 2 型糖尿病患者血糖控制的循环代谢物生物标志物 "评论的回应。糖尿病护理》2024;47:1597-1607。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dci24-0084
Zsu-Zsu Chen, Chang Lu, Elvira Isganaitis
{"title":"Response to Comment on Chen et al. Circulating Metabolite Biomarkers of Glycemic Control in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 2024;47:1597-1607.","authors":"Zsu-Zsu Chen, Chang Lu, Elvira Isganaitis","doi":"10.2337/dci24-0084","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dci24-0084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":"48 1","pages":"e7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. 14. 儿童和青少年：糖尿病护理标准-2025。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc25-S014
{"title":"14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.2337/dc25-S014","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc25-S014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Diabetes Association (ADA) \"Standards of Care in Diabetes\" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":"48 Supplement_1","pages":"S283-S305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025. 7. 糖尿病技术：糖尿病护理标准-2025。
Diabetes care Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.2337/dc25-S007
{"title":"7. Diabetes Technology: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.","authors":"","doi":"10.2337/dc25-S007","DOIUrl":"10.2337/dc25-S007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Diabetes Association (ADA) \"Standards of Care in Diabetes\" includes the ADA's current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the components of diabetes care, general treatment goals and guidelines, and tools to evaluate quality of care. Members of the ADA Professional Practice Committee, an interprofessional expert committee, are responsible for updating the Standards of Care annually, or more frequently as warranted. For a detailed description of ADA standards, statements, and reports, as well as the evidence-grading system for ADA's clinical practice recommendations and a full list of Professional Practice Committee members, please refer to Introduction and Methodology. Readers who wish to comment on the Standards of Care are invited to do so at professional.diabetes.org/SOC.</p>","PeriodicalId":93979,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes care","volume":"48 Supplement_1","pages":"S146-S166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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