Contraception and reproductive medicine最新文献

{"title":"Magnitude of short birth intervals and associated factors among reproductive-age women in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel modified Poisson regression analysis of recent DHS data (2021-2024).","authors":"Temesgen Gebeyehu Wondmeneh","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00448-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00448-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Short birth intervals remain a significant public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), adversely affecting maternal and child health. Although socioeconomic, reproductive and healthcare factors influence birth spacing, evidence from recent demography and health survey (DHS) data is limited. This study aims to determine the magnitude of short birth intervals and identify associated factors among reproductive-age women in SSA using multilevel modified Poisson regression, providing easily interpretable evidence to inform policy and intervention programs. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed recent DHS data from SSA countries to examine short birth intervals and associated factors among women aged 15–49 years. A total weighted sample of 345,958 women was included. Multilevel mixed-effects modified Poisson regression was used to account for clustering and estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (APR), with the significance level set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: The median birth interval was 32 months. The prevalence of short birth intervals among reproductive-age women in SSA was 50.4% (95% CI: 50.2–50.6). Women aged 25–34 years (APR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.74–0.77) and 35–49 years (APR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.63–0.66), literate women (APR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.91–0.94), women with media exposure (APR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95–0.98), those from middle-wealth (APR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96–0.98) and rich households (APR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.88–0.92), women with one under-five child (APR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.86–0.90), women with a history of abortion (APR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96–0.98), current family planning users (APR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.97–0.99), currently breastfeeding women (APR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.88–0.90), and women with health insurance (APR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.89–0.93) had a lower prevalence of short birth intervals. Conversely, a higher prevalence of short birth intervals was observed among rural residents (APR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.04–1.09), women with primary (APR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05) or secondary and higher education (APR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.07), women whose husbands had primary (APR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.04) or secondary and higher education (APR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.06), women living in households with ≥ 5 members (APR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.07–1.12), those with ≥ 5 living children (APR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.34–1.40), those with ≥ 3 under-five children (APR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.08–1.12), women whose husbands alone (APR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05) or jointly with them (APR = 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01–1.03) made family planning decisions, and women who reported distance to a health facility as a big problem (APR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.04). CONCLUSION: Short birth intervals remain highly prevalent among reproductive-age women in SSA. Socioeconomic status, reproductive history, family planning use, and access to health services significantly influence birth intervals. Strengthening women’s empowerment, improving access to family planning and maternal health services, and a","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13173699/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147617125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fertility desire and its determinants among pregnant women in Ethiopia.","authors":"Ritbano Ahmed Abdo","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00445-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00445-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Fertility desire refers to an individual’s or couple’s desire to conceive and plan the timing and spacing of births, which significantly impacts childbirth and family planning choices. In Ethiopia, there is a lack of research on fertility desire among pregnant women, leaving their unique needs largely unaddressed. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of fertility desire among pregnant women in Ethiopia. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) dataset, comprising a weighted sample of 1,135 pregnant women. Complex survey multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to identify determinants of fertility desire. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: The study included 1,135 pregnant women with a mean age of 27.2 years (SD = 6.19). Overall, the prevalence of fertility desire among pregnant women was found to be 61.9% (95% CI: 57.04–66.55). Fertility desire was significantly influenced by age, parity, socioeconomic status, employment, and region of residence. Women aged 20–34 years, those with no previous births (nulliparous), and women with a history of abortion were more likely to desire additional children. Similarly, higher fertility desire was observed among women from middle-income households and those living in the Afar and Somali regions. Conversely, women from wealthier households, those who were employed, and residents of the Amhara, Oromia, and Dire Dawa regions were less likely to express fertility desire. Parity also influenced fertility desire, with both nulliparous and multiparous women showing higher likelihoods of desiring more children than primiparous women. CONCLUSION: Socioeconomic status, regional disparities, and employment status significantly influence fertility desire. Targeted interventions, such as reproductive counseling, workplace support for mothers, and equitable healthcare access, are essential to address disparities and empower women in family planning decisions. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13154456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern contraceptive use after sexual debut among Ghanaian adolescent girls (15-19 years): a secondary analysis of the 2022 Demographic and Health Survey.","authors":"Musana Henry, Amanda Debuo Der, Faustina AKosua Atongo, Betty Oloo, Hannah Brifo, Prince Tsekpetse","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00433-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00433-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early sexual debut among adolescent girls in Ghana contributes to high rates of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. However, there is limited evidence on modern contraceptive use after sexual debut among Ghanaian adolescent girls aged 15-19 years. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of modern contraceptive use after sexual debut among Ghanaian adolescent girls aged 15-19 years and the factors associated with it.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, including a weighted sample of 1,198 adolescent girls aged 15-19 years who had initiated sexual activity. A modified Poisson regression with a log link was used to assess the factors associated with modern contraceptive use. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of modern contraceptive use after sexual debut among Ghanaian adolescent girls aged 15-19 years was 28.5% (n/N: 341/1,198; 95% CI: 25.30-31.93). Factors associated with modern contraceptive use included being in the richer wealth quintile (aPR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.02-2.45; p = 0.039), exposure to family planning information through social media (aPR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.14-2.16; p = 0.006), and health facilities (aPR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.02-1.92; p = 0.040).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately one in four Ghanaian adolescent girls aged 15-19 years used modern contraceptives after their sexual debut. We found that belonging to a richer household wealth quintile and exposure to family planning information through social media and health facilities were significantly associated with modern contraceptive use. These findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to enhance modern contraceptive use among adolescent girls from poorer households. Additionally, the findings highlight the need to continue promoting family planning information through social media and support the integration of family planning services into routine facility-based care within the primary health care system.</p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13047826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147534661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected profiles in vasectomy demand during a national campaign in Bolivia: cross-sectional study and associations in age, number of children, and motivations for seeking vasectomy.","authors":"Alison T Hoover, Samuel Lawton, Silvia Velasco Parihuana, Patricia Lledo Weber, Michel Labrecque, Dominick Shattuck, Ana Cecilia Velasquez Rossi","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00441-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00441-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Vasectomy utilization has historically been very low in Bolivia, constituting just 0.1% of the contraceptive method-mix. To address one of the perceived barriers to vasectomy utilization—cost—MSI Reproductive Choices Bolivia partnered with World Vasectomy Day, No-Scalpel Vasectomy International, and Laval University in 2021 to train in-house providers, and reduced the previous cost of contracting private urologists by half. Demand for procedures during the training campaign was considerably higher than expected; although just 77 vasectomies were provided in 2019, 882 men contacted MSI Bolivia in 2021 to request appointments in the one-month campaign. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of vasectomy clients was implemented post-procedure to capture demographic characteristics as well as to assess motivations for getting a vasectomy. RESULTS: Among the 262 vasectomy clients who completed the survey, the average age was 31, and half (50.4%) of respondents had one or two children, 3.1% had four or more, and 30.5% had none. Motivations varied by client type with most clients reporting “wanted only the number of children they had”, while higher percentages of young clients who were often without children reported the “costs of children”, “overpopulation and the environment”, and “violence and social unrest” as their top motivations. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study and the related vasectomy campaign reflected a high unmet demand for affordable vasectomy services in Bolivia. The relatively high proportion of single and/or childless men under 30 years old in the sample may also reflect a larger societal shift in pregnancy intention among younger generations and merit further investigation. These results have implications for demand-generation strategies and pre-vasectomy counseling, and may reflect a market for reversible male contraceptive technologies still in development. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of four contraceptive methods to avoid unintended pregnancy among adolescents in China: an analysis based on decision-tree model.","authors":"Weihua Luo, Di Wang, Zeyuan Zhang, Yanyan Wang, Ruifeng Li, Gan Xu, Liangru Zhou","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00434-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00434-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OBJECTIVE: Unintended pregnancy among adolescent is a worldwide problem. In this study, a decision-tree model was constructed to analyze the cost and effectiveness of different contraceptive methods for Chinese adolescents in preventing unintended pregnancy. METHODS: From a healthcare system perspective, this study evaluated the cost and effectiveness of combined oral contraceptive (COC), copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD), levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and subdermal implant contraceptive methods used by 14.88 million women aged 15–24 years with contraceptive needs within 5 years in 2023. The cost parameters were derived from the China Medical Information Platform and medical institutions or literature. Effectiveness was defined as pregnancies, abortions, and births averted. The clinical parameters were derived from the WHO and published literature. Cost-effectiveness analysis was used to determine whether contraceptive measures are economically favorable. Univariate sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were conducted to verify the robustness of the model. RESULTS: The cost of Cu-IUD was the lowest, and it costed RMB 369.67 per unintended pregnancy averted among adolescents. The subdermal implant had the highest number of unintended pregnancies. Compared with COC, Cu-IUD had significant contraceptive advantages and achieved better clinical outcomes at a lower cost. LNG-IUS and subdermal implant were also cost-effectiveness when compared with COC, with ICER of 7556.78 and 12,271.85, both of which were lower than the gross domestic product per capita of China. CONCLUSIONS: Long-acting reversible contraceptive(LARC) methods are more cost-effective than COC. Given rising adolescent contraceptive needs and high unintended pregnancy rates, healthcare providers should recommend LARC and ensure timely counseling and services to protect adolescent reproductive health. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137657/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The latent determinants of higher order parity births (HOB) in Cheyyar & Tenkasi districts of Tamil Nadu - a qualitative exploration.","authors":"Niranjan Muralikrishnan, Sendilkumar Balasundaram","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00444-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00444-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: India is currently experiencing population momentum, and studying the determinants of having more children needs to be explored in depth so that the Government’s Family Welfare strategies can be revisited according to the current real needs. RATIONALE: Despite efforts to reduce higher-order births, they continue to occur in some districts of Tamil Nadu. It’s essential to understand the factors that influence families to have more children in a state that has achieved the replacement level of fertility. OBJECTIVES: To explore the attitudes of mothers has more than or equal to 3 children in a low HOB district, to explore the attitudes of mothers who have less than or equal to 2 children in a high HOB district, to explore the attitudes of Husbands and Mothers in-laws about having less than or equal to 2 children and more children. METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted among low-order- higher-order birth mothers and Husbands from the low- and high-HOB districts of Tamil Nadu. A grounded theory approach was adopted to generate the themes. RESULTS: Seven themes emerged from the In-depth interviews, namely, Providence, Proclivity, Social norms, Transgression, Social connectedness, Forlorn events, and lacking knowledge on contraception leading to higher-order births. CONCLUSION: Fiscal Prospects, Congenital defects, providing security to girl children, providing quality education, fulfilling social customs, and poor knowledge of available contraception were evident factors determining the higher order births. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13137543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the socioeconomic and education-based inequalities in modern and traditional contraceptive use among women in Africa.","authors":"Amidu Alhassan, Patience Fakornam Doe, Frank Offei Odonkor, Yvonne Dorothy Mintah, Christiana Bobuafor, Asirifi Isaac Gunu, Joseph Lasong, Yula Salifu","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00443-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00443-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Contraceptive use is integral to improving reproductive health outcomes, but disparities in access and use persist across Africa, influenced by socio-economic, educational, and age-related factors. This study explores socioeconomic and education-based inequalities in modern and traditional contraceptive use among women in 41 African countries. METHODS: Secondary data from the World Health Organisation’s Health Equity Assessment Toolkits and national demographic surveys (2010–2022) were analysed. The study focused on women aged 15–49, categorised by socio-economic status, education level, and age. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used, employing inequality measures such as D (Estimate), R (Estimate), PAF (Estimate), and PAR (Estimate) to assess disparities in contraceptive use. RESULTS: The study found significant variation in contraceptive prevalence, ranging from high-prevalence nations such as Zimbabwe (66.8%), Malawi (65.6%), and Lesotho (64.9%). South Sudan (4%) and Chad (8.2%) had very low prevalence rates. Age-related disparities were also significant, with contraceptive use generally higher in the 20–49 years age group compared to the 15–19 years age group. Again, Ghana exhibited 17% use among 15–19-year-olds compared to 53% in the 20–49-year-old group. The D revealed substantial inequalities in contraceptive use, particularly in countries like Kenya (22.5) and Malawi (20.6). The R highlighted greater disparities in countries such as Nigeria (4.0), indicating a significant socio-economic divide. The PAF demonstrated that socio-economic inequalities contributed to disparities, with Mozambique (5.8) and Niger (8.1) showing higher contributions. PAR further revealed that countries like Malawi (1.6) and Gambia (1.0) had a higher burden of inequality in contraceptive use. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates persistent and intersecting age-, wealth-, and education-related inequalities in contraceptive use across Africa. By applying standardised inequality metrics in a cross-country comparative framework, the findings extend beyond prevalence-based analyses and provide actionable evidence to inform equity-oriented family planning policies and programmes. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes toward female circumcision among Senegalese women: a national analysis of sociocultural and economic determinants.","authors":"Enyew Getaneh Mekonen","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00442-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00442-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Female circumcision involves the partial or total removal of external female genitalia for non-medical reasons. In Senegal, nearly two million women have undergone this practice. Despite global efforts to eliminate it, support for female circumcision among Senegalese women has only slightly declined, from 18% in 2005 to 15.6% in 2019. This study aimed to assess attitudes and associated factors using data from the 2023 Senegal Demographic and Health Survey. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 13,033 women aged 15–49. Data were processed using STATA Version 14, and multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression identified the significant predictors associated with support for female circumcision. RESULTS: Findings revealed that 20.29% of women support its continuation. Key factors associated with this support include age (AOR = 1.44), women’s education (AOR = 2.68), partner’s education (AOR = 1.62), wealth index (AOR = 2.09), being circumcised (AOR = 17.82), and belief that circumcision was religiously required (AOR = 13.79). CONCLUSIONS: More than one in five women in Senegal still supported female circumcision. Support was higher among younger, uneducated, economically disadvantaged, and circumcised women, as well as those who viewed the practice as religiously mandated. Targeted education, economic empowerment, and religious engagement are essential. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gu Ben An Tai decoction combined with dydrogesterone for early threatened abortion secondary to spleen and kidney deficiency: a retrospective observational study.","authors":"Xuebing Li, Yang Wang, Zhuoxuan Su, Lu Pei, Yongwei Li, Chunxia Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00440-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00440-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: In this retrospective observational study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Gu Ben An Tai Decoction (GBATD) combined with dydrogesterone for treating threatened abortion (TA). METHODS: We retrospectively analysed 66 patients with early TA secondary to spleen and kidney deficiency. The control group received dydrogesterone alone, whereas the observation group received GBATD combined with dydrogesterone. The primary outcome was the rate of successful pregnancy maintenance before 12 weeks of gestation. Additionally, safety profile, time to symptom resolution (vaginal bleeding and/or abdominal pain), laboratory and imaging indicators, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores of the two groups were compared. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the major composition of GBATD. RESULTS: The observation group showed greater increases in serum levels of β-human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone, estradiol, and Inhibin A than the control group. In contrast, serum cancer antigen 125 levels; uterine artery hemodynamic indices, including systolic/diastolic ratio, pulsatility index, and resistance index; and TCM syndrome scores for spleen and kidney deficiency decreased more significantly in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The observation group also showed higher rates of effective TCM treatment, overall effectiveness, and successful pregnancy maintenance at 12 weeks than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). GBATD primarily contained 17 components. CONCLUSION: GBATD combined with dydrogesterone effectively treats early TA. It significantly reduces symptoms associated with spleen and kidney deficiency, lowers the miscarriage rate, and causes no evident adverse reactions. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13059168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile and surgical management of uterine fibroids at Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Sudan: a retrospective study (july 2020 - february 2021).","authors":"Talal Hashim A Elhasan, Omer Ahmed Elrhima, Lamyaa El Hassan, Tahleel Mohammed, Ashraf Elmdni, Nuha Y Abdalla, Isam M Ahmed, Mona E Elfaki, Mohammed Elfaki","doi":"10.1186/s40834-026-00439-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40834-026-00439-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PURPOSE: The study aimed to determine the anatomical location of uterine fibroids and describe the clinical characteristics of Sudanese women undergoing surgical intervention at Omdurman Maternity Hospital. METHODS: A retrospective hospital-based study was carried out over a 7-month period from July 2020 to February 2021 including 73 cases of uterine fibroids, that had been surgically excised. Information regarding sociodemographic, clinical and anatomical location was extracted from hospital records. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and expressed as frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: The largest number of cases were in women aged 35–39 years comprising an overall percentage of 43.8%. The most common type was intramural fibroids (30.0%), followed by mixed subserosal and submucosal fibroids (25.8%). Posterior wall fibroid location was most common (30.1%) and defined as multiple wall involvement (34.3%). The number of cases presenting with heavy menstrual bleeding were the majority (62.0%), abdominal lump (23.0%) and pressure symptoms (12.0%). CONCLUSION: The results of predominantly intramural and posterior wall fibroids represent a pattern in the cohort of Sudanese women who presented with symptomatic disease requiring surgical intervention. Knowledge of distributions of fibroid anatomy can also enhance recognition for diagnosis and help in advance surgical planning in resource constrained contexts. </p>","PeriodicalId":93956,"journal":{"name":"Contraception and reproductive medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13041435/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147313553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}