Clinical hematology international最新文献

{"title":"Deep Learning in Hematology: From Molecules to Patients.","authors":"Jiasheng Wang","doi":"10.46989/001c.124131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.124131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deep learning (DL), a subfield of machine learning, has made remarkable strides across various aspects of medicine. This review examines DL's applications in hematology, spanning from molecular insights to patient care. The review begins by providing a straightforward introduction to the basics of DL tailored for those without prior knowledge, touching on essential concepts, principal architectures, and prevalent training methods. It then discusses the applications of DL in hematology, concentrating on elucidating the models' architecture, their applications, performance metrics, and inherent limitations. For example, at the molecular level, DL has improved the analysis of multi-omics data and protein structure prediction. For cells and tissues, DL enables the automation of cytomorphology analysis, interpretation of flow cytometry data, and diagnosis from whole slide images. At the patient level, DL's utility extends to analyzing curated clinical data, electronic health records, and clinical notes through large language models. While DL has shown promising results in various hematology applications, challenges remain in model generalizability and explainability. Moreover, the integration of novel DL architectures into hematology has been relatively slow in comparison to that in other medical fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 4","pages":"19-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11477942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142483192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathophysiology and Treatments of Complications of Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia.","authors":"Nikhil Patel, Samer Al Hadidi, Sarvari Yellapragada","doi":"10.46989/001c.124268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.124268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) or lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma is a B-cell malignancy characterized by lymphoplasmacytic cells in the bone marrow that secrete high amounts of immunoglobulin (Ig) M. The large pentameric structure of IgM leads to a variety of unique complications in WM, such as hyperviscosity syndrome, cryoglobulinemia and sensory neuropathy. Furthermore, malignant cells can infiltrate the central nervous system and lead to a variety of neurological complications, also known as Bing Neel Syndrome. Because of the unique pathophysiology of WM and these complications, their diagnostic work up and treatment regimens vary greatly. Given the rarity of the disease and their complications, there are little to no randomized controlled trials regarding treatments of these complications and, therefore, suggested treatment regimens are usually based on observational studies. In this case series, we will present three cases of WM, each with their own unique complication, and discuss the pathophysiology along with current and future treatment options for each of the complications presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 4","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11477924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142483195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation prior to HCT for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: To Boost or Not To Boost.","authors":"Khalid Halahleh, Mohammad S Makoseh, Ayat M Taqash, Fawzi Abuhijla, Lubna S Ghatasheh, Rozan B Al Far, Lina M Wahbeh, Isra F Muradi, Abdelatif M Almousa, Ramiz A Abu-Hijlih, Hasan Hashem","doi":"10.46989/001c.124270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.124270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Total body irradiation (TBI) with or without cranial radiation boost (CRB) is an integral component of conditioning prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The benefit of CRB is not yet established.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective single center cohort study. Between January of 2003 and April of 2019, electronic medical records of 166 patients with ALL were retrospectively reviewed. One hundred forty-three patients with ALL and no prior central nervous system (CNS) involvement were included. Patients were divided into two cohorts according to cranial radiation boost (cohort-1: CNS-/CRB+ (110/143, 77%) and cohort-2: CNS-/CRB- (n=33/143; 23%). No patients received post-transplant prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following alloHCT, 15 patients (10.5%) experienced relapse; 11 relapses (10%) in cohort-1, and 4 (12%) in cohort-2. Four patients (26.6%) experienced systemic medullary relapse with initial central nervous system (CNS) involvement. One patient (6.6%) experienced isolated first central nervous system relapse after allotransplant with no difference between the two cohorts (6.6% vs 0; P-0.59). Age at transplant and phenotypic subtype were predictive of first central nervous system relapse after allotransplant with respective P-values of 0.001 and 0.015.At a median follow-up of 30 months (range: 2.5-128 months), the estimated 3-year overall survival was 61% (95% CI: 53-69), relapse free survival was 60% (95% CI: 52-69) and 3-year central nervous system-relapse-free survival was 99% and 100% in in cohort-1 and cohort-2 respectively, when systemic relapses were censored. There was no statistical significant difference in either survival or relapse free survival between the two cohorts (P > 0.69).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that augmenting total body irradiation with cranial radiation boost in patients with ALL with no prior CNS involvement did not improve relapse risk in central nervous system or survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 4","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11477921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142483196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allogeneic and other innovative chimeric antigen receptor platforms.","authors":"Andrew P Jallouk, Salyka Sengsayadeth, Bipin N Savani, Bhagirathbhai Dholaria, Olalekan Oluwole","doi":"10.46989/001c.121404","DOIUrl":"10.46989/001c.121404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 3","pages":"61-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11441714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Impact in Individuals with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Tanvi H Patel, Ramya Bachu, Trilok Shrivastava, Jawad Alrawabdeh, Marah Alzubi, Jael Hastings, Harold Dean, Carolina Schinke, Sharmilan Thanendrarajan, Maurizio Zangari, Guido Tricot, Fenghuang Zhan, John D Shaughnessy, Frits van Rhee, Samer Al Hadidi","doi":"10.46989/001c.123608","DOIUrl":"10.46989/001c.123608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our study of 246 newly diagnosed individuals with MGUS or SMM (115 MGUS, 131 SMM), we found that 19% reported anxiety, with no significant difference between the MGUS and SMM groups (22% vs. 17%). Those with a history of psychiatric disorders or belonging to certain racial groups were more likely to experience anxiety. Initial coping responses included religious coping, denial, frustration, irritability, and seeking social support. Given anxiety's detrimental effects, our findings emphasize the importance of incorporating psychosocial assessments to optimize care for MGUS and SMM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 3","pages":"54-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11428156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The acceptability of using wearable electronic devices to monitor physical activity of patients with Multiple Myeloma undergoing treatment: a systematic review.","authors":"Tommy Brown, Ann Muls, Charlotte Pawlyn, Kevin Boyd, Susanne Cruickshank","doi":"10.46989/001c.121406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.121406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Multiple myeloma (MM) is diagnosed in 6,000 people in the UK yearly. A performance status measure, based on the patients' reported level of physical activity, is used to assess patients' fitness for treatment. This systematic review aims to explore the current evidence for the acceptability of using wearable devices in patients treated for MM to measure physical activity directly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three databases were searched (MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL) up until 7th September 2023. Prospective studies using wearable devices to monitor physical activity in patients on treatment for MM were included. Bias across the studies was assessed using the CASP tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies, with 220 patients on treatment for MM, were included. Only two studies had a low risk of bias. Different wearable device brands were used for varying lengths of time and were worn on either the wrist, upper arm, or chest. Adherence, reported in seven studies, ranged from 50% to 90%. Six studies reported an adherence greater than 75%. Although physical activity was also measured in a heterogenous manner, most studies reported reduced physical activity during treatment, associated with a higher symptom burden.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monitoring patients receiving treatment for MM with a wearable device appears acceptable as an objective measure to evaluate physical activity. Due to the heterogeneity of the methods used, the generalisability of the results is limited. Future studies should explore the data collected prospectively and their ability to predict relevant clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 3","pages":"38-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11391912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142303453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV2 is not just infection but a culprit of donor graft failure post-allogeneic stem cell transplant.","authors":"Yoojin Park, Silvia Park, Wichai Chinratanalab, Bipin Savani, Adetola Kassim, Jonathan J Douds, Salyka Sengsayadeth, Tae Kon Kim","doi":"10.46989/001c.121430","DOIUrl":"10.46989/001c.121430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 3","pages":"33-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11283860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The doctor, the patient, and the computer.","authors":"Finn Bo Petersen, Mohamad Mohty, Didier Blaise","doi":"10.46989/001c.121434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.121434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 3","pages":"28-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The EMMY longitudinal, cohort study: real-world data to describe multiple myeloma management and outcomes as more therapeutic options emerge.","authors":"Olivier Decaux, Ronan Garlantézec, Karim Belhadj-Merzoug, Margaret Macro, Laurent Frenzel, Aurore Perrot, Philippe Moreau, Bruno Royer, Denis Caillot, Xavier Leleu, Mohamad Mohty, Lionel Karlin, Pierre Feugier, Sophie Rigaudeau, Jean Fontan, Cécile Sonntag, Laure Vincent, Thomas Chalopin, Herve Avet Loiseau, Zakaria Maarouf, Louni Chanaz, Nathalie Texier, Cyrille Hulin","doi":"10.46989/001c.121371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.121371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The therapeutic management of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) is complex. Despite substantial advances, MM remains incurable, and management involves cycles of treatment response, disease relapse, and further therapy. Currently, evidence to support the therapeutic decision is limited. Thus, the EMMY longitudinal, real-world study was designed to annually assess therapeutic management of MM in France to provide evidence to support physicians. During an annual prespecified 3-month recruitment period, eligible patients will be identified from their medical records. Adults aged ≥18 years diagnosed with symptomatic MM and requiring systemic treatment will be eligible. The primary objective, the evolution of MM therapeutic management, will be described, as well as the impact on the following outcomes: time-to-next treatment (TTNT), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). The study plans to recruit 5000 patients over 6 years: 700 to 900 patients annually. EMMY is a unique opportunity to collect real-world data to describe the evolving MM therapeutic landscape and record outcomes in France. These data will provide annual snapshots of various aspects of MM management. This knowledge will provide physicians with real-life, evidence-based data for therapeutic decision-making and ultimately improve treatment for MM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 3","pages":"22-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standing on the Shoulders of the Giants: Dr. Kanti R Rai.","authors":"Mohamad Mohty, Kanti Rai","doi":"10.46989/001c.121408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.121408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93942,"journal":{"name":"Clinical hematology international","volume":"6 3","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268576/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141763284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}