Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets最新文献

{"title":"Association of Novel Hematological Indices with Severity of Coronary Artery Disease using SYNTAX Score in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome.","authors":"Vivek Mohanty, Shubham Sharma, Sourabh Goswami, Atul Kaushik, Rahul Choudhary, Dharamveer Yadav, Surender Deora, Kuldeep Singh","doi":"10.2174/011871529X269740231102045028","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011871529X269740231102045028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent evidence suggests that systemic inflammation not only plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Acute Coronary Syndrome but also correlates with disease severity. Monocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR) are novel systemic inflammation markers used for predicting the burden of coronary artery disease (CAD) based on SYNTAX Score. This single-center, cross-sectional, observational study compared the association of these novel hematological indices with CAD severity using the SYNTAX Score in ACS patients and aimed to determine the best predictor of the severity of CAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 403 consecutive patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled. On the basis of the SYNTAX Score, patients were divided into three groups: Low: <22, Moderate 22 - 32 and High ≥ 32. MHR, MLR, and NLR were calculated and correlated with SYNTAX Score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three indices: MHR (r=0.511; p <0.001), MLR (r=0.373; p <0.001), and NLR (r=0.292; p =0.001) showed significant correlation with SYNTAX Score. The MHR ROC was significantly higher than that of MLR (difference between area: 0.158; 95% CI: 0.079-0.259) and NLR (difference between area: 0.279; 95% CI: 0.172-0.419) for the SYNTAX Score. Analysis showed a strong correlation between these indices with SYNTAX Score >22 compared to low scores <22 and that these also related to the LAD as an infarct artery. Multiple regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus, eGFR, Infarct-related artery left anterior descending (IRALAD), MHR, MLR, and NLR were predictors of the severity of CAD in ACS patients based on SYNTAX Score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In ACS patients MHR, MLR, and NLR showed significant correlation with SYNTAX score >22 which may be indicative of severity of disease. MHR is a better predictor of the severity of CAD than MLR and NLR in ACS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"202-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89721045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Efficacy of Carvedilol by Utilization of Solid Dispersion and Other Novel Strategies: A Review.","authors":"Lakshita Rao, Bigul Yogeshver Bhardwaj, Mahek Chugh, Ashish Sharma, Rashmi Shah, Neha Minocha, Parijat Pandey","doi":"10.2174/011871529X247622231101075854","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011871529X247622231101075854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carvedilol is classified as a second class drug of Biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS), and it is an excellent beta blocker and vasodilating agent. It is used in a diverse range of disease states. Despite having tremendous advantages, the drug cannot be used effectively and productively due to aquaphobicity and poor bioavailability. To overcome this limitation, numerous novel approaches and tactics have been introduced over the past few years, such as Selfmicro emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS), nanoparticles, solid dispersions and liposomal drug delivery. The present review aims to accentuate the role of solid dispersion in improving the dissolution profile and aqua solubility of carvedilol and also to emphasize other novel formulations of carvedilol proposed to prevail the limitations of carvedilol. Solid dispersion and other novel approaches were found to play a significant role in overcoming the drawbacks of carvedilol, among which solid dispersion is the most feasible and effective approach being used worldwide. Reduced particle size, more wettability, and large surface area are obtained by the implementation of solid dispersion technique, hence improving carvedilol solubility and bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"141-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89721046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Perspective and Mechanistic Insights on Bioactive Plant Secondary Metabolites for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Jyotika Grewal, Vijay Kumar, Yashika Gandhi, Hemant Rawat, Ravindra Singh, Arjun Singh, Ch V Narasimhaji, Rabinarayan Acharya, Sujeet K Mishra","doi":"10.2174/011871529X262371231009132426","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011871529X262371231009132426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the most prevalent medical conditions of modern era and are one of the primary causes of adult mortality in both developing and developed countries. Conventional medications such as use of aspirin, beta-blockers, statins and angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitors involve use of drugs with many antagonistic effects. Hence, alternative therapies which are safe, effective, and relatively cheap are increasingly being investigated for the treatment and prevention of CVDs. The secondary metabolites of medicinal plants contain several bioactive compounds which have emerged as alternatives to toxic modern medicines. The detrimental effects of CVDs can be mitigated via the use of various bioactive phytochemicals such as catechin, isoflavones, quercetin etc. present in medicinal plants. Current review intends to accumulate previously published data over the years using online databases concerning herbal plant based secondary metabolites that can help in inhibition and treatment of CVDs. An in-depth review of various phytochemical constituents with therapeutic actions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasorelaxant, anti-hypertensive and cardioprotective properties has been delineated. An attempt has been made to provide a probable mechanistic overview for the pertinent phytoconstituent which will help in achieving a better prognosis and effective treatment for CVDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"157-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71430170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates in the Pharmacotherapy of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.","authors":"Fernando Segovia, Hernando Garcia, Haider Alkhateeb, Debabrata Mukherjee, Nils Nickel","doi":"10.2174/011871529X258234230921112507","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011871529X258234230921112507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with left heart disease (LHD) is a complex cardiopulmonary condition where a variable degree of pulmonary congestion, arterial vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling can lead to PH and right heart strain. Right heart dysfunction has a significant prognostic impact on these patients. Therefore, preserving right ventricular (RV) function is an important treatment goal. However, the treatment of PH in patients with left heart disease has produced conflicting evidence. The transition from pure LHD to LHD with PH is a continuum and clinically challenging. The heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patient population is heterogeneous when it comes to PH and RV function. Appropriate clinical and hemodynamic phenotyping of patients with HFpEF and concomitant PH is paramount to making the appropriate treatment decision. This manuscript will summarize the current evidence for the use of pulmonary arterial vasodilators in patients with HFpEF.</p>","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"215-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71430173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of <i>Punica granatum</i> Leaves on High Fructose Induced Insulin Resistance in Experimental Animals.","authors":"Deepti Bandawane, Ashwini Kotkar, Pooja Ingole","doi":"10.2174/011871529X273808231129035950","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011871529X273808231129035950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance (IR) is a condition characterized by reduced sensitivity of body tissues to insulin, leading to impaired regulation of downstream metabolic pathways and elevated blood glucose levels. Diets rich in fructose have been proven to cause insulin resistance in test rats, resulting in decreased insulin sensitivity, particularly in the liver, and compromised disposal of glucose from the body. In the search for effective treatments, Plant-derived formulations have gained popularity because to their ability for treating a variety of ailments. One such plant is <i>Punica granatum</i> Linn. from the Punicaceae family, which has long been used in the treatment of diabetes and its consequences. This study investigates the insulin-resistant activity of an extract from <i>Punica granatum</i> leaves. The study goal is to assess the possible protective role of <i>Punica granatum</i> against insulin resistance through various analyses, including serum glucose and insulin levels, lipid profile assessment, measurement of liver enzymes (ALP, SGOT, SGPT), and histopathological examination of liver sections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involves several key methods to evaluate the insulin-resistant activity of <i>Punica granatum</i> extract in high fructose diet induced insulin resistance animal model. The extract was administered orally to the experimental animals. These methods include the measurement of serum glucose and serum insulin levels, analysis of the lipid profile, quantification of liver enzymes such as ALP, SGOT, and SGPT, and a detailed histopathological examination of liver tissue sections. These analyses collectively provide insights into the impact of <i>Punica granatum</i> extract on insulin resistance and related metabolic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings of this study provide insight on the possible benefits of <i>Punica granatum</i> extract on insulin resistance. Through the assessment of serum glucose and insulin levels, lipid profile analysis, and measurement of liver enzymes, the study elucidates the impact of the extract on key metabolic indicators. Additionally, the histopathological examination of liver sections provides visual insights into the structural changes that may occur as a result of the treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, this study highlights the ability of <i>Punica granatum</i> extract as a candidate for addressing insulin resistance. The findings suggest that the extract may have a protective role against insulin resistance, as evidenced by improvements in serum glucose and insulin levels, lipid profile, liver enzyme levels, and histopathological characteristics. Further research and investigations are warranted to fully understand the mechanisms underlying these observed effects and to validate the potential of <i>Punica granatum</i> extract as a therapeutic option for managing insulin resistance and its associated compl","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"263-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138465039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Bleeding Disorders and COVID-19 ─ an Emphasis on the Role of Thrombosis as One of the Main Causes of Morbidity and Mortality in COVID-19.","authors":"A. Dorgalaleh, Fateme Narouei, Mansur Asadi, Hassan Morovati Khamsi, M. Gholami","doi":"10.2174/1871529X22666220614090005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871529X22666220614090005","url":null,"abstract":"A turbulent coagulation system is a prominent feature of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with venous thromboembolism (VTE) a leading cause of death. Our hypothesis is that patients with inherited hypocoagulability, like congenital bleeding disorders (CBD), enjoy a protective effect against COVID-19-induced hypercoagulability and related fatal consequences. Our primary and follow-up observations revealed this effect, at least among patients with moderate to severe congenital bleeding disorders, particularly coagulation factor deficiencies. Theoretically, patients with inherited hypocoagulobility have only a potential protective effect against COVID-19-related hypercoagulability. Yet the lower rate of morbidity and mortality in patients with CBDs suggests that hypercoagulability and thrombotic events are the main cause of death in COVID-19. Therefore, appropriate and timely administration of anticoagulants could significantly decrease the rate of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90345191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-admission beta-blocker therapy and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.","authors":"T. Hariyanto, Joshua Edward Hananto, D. Intan, A. Kurniawan","doi":"10.2174/1871529X22666220420112735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871529X22666220420112735","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Hypertension and heart failure are known risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality outcomes. Beta-blocker is one of the drugs of choice to treat these conditions. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between pre-admission beta-blocker use and COVID-19 outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000PubMed and Europe PMC were used as the database for our search strategy by using combined keywords related to our aims until December 10th, 2020. All articles related to COVID-19 and beta-blocker were retrieved. Review Manager 5.4 and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3 software were used to perform statistical analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000A total of 43 studies consisting of 11,388,556 patients were included in our analysis. Our meta-analysis showed that the use of beta-blocker was associated with increased risk of COVID-19 [OR 1.32 (95% CI 1.02 - 1.70), p = 0.03, I2 = 99%, random-effect modelling], clinical progression [OR 1.37 (95% CI 1.01 - 1.88), p = 0.04, I2 = 89%, random-effect modelling], and mortality from COVID-19 [OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.22 - 2.19), p = 0.0009, I2 = 94%, random-effect modelling]. Meta-regression showed that the association with mortality outcome were influenced by age (p = 0.018) and hypertension (p = 0.005).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000The risk and benefits of using beta-blocker as a drug of choice to treat hypertensive patients should be put into account and reviewed individually case by case, knowing their association in higher incidence and severity of Covid-19 infections. Other first-line antihypertensive drugs may be considered as an alternative therapy if the risk of administering beta blockers outweigh the benefits in Covid-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91369874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface.","authors":"Pietro Scicchitano","doi":"10.2174/1871529X2201220915100433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871529X2201220915100433","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":"22 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144877271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bleeding Complication in a Patient with Concomitant Use of Rivaroxaban and Saffron Supplement: A Case Report.","authors":"Zinat Heidari, Maryam Daei, Hossein Khalili, Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.2174/1871529X22666220418102545","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871529X22666220418102545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) carry a lower potential risk of food/herb and drug interactions compared to oral vitamin K antagonists. However, as a new class of medications, drug interactions of DOACs have not been fully known.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We herein present the case of a 64-year old male with the complaint of acute onset epistaxis and bleeding gums following the concomitant use of rivaroxaban and saffron supplement. It seems that coadministration of DOACs and saffron supplements should be avoided due to the potential drug-herbal interactions and possible risk of subsequent bleeding complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>However, further larger-scale surveillance studies are needed to confirm the findings and assess the clinical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"10-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139907056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meet the Editorial Board Member","authors":"A. Carella","doi":"10.2174/1871529x2104211231145446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871529x2104211231145446","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2008, Professor Dr. Fabian Kiessling has been leading the Institute of Experimental Molecular Imaging at the Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering at the RWTH-University in Aachen, Germany. The aim of his research is the development of novel diagnostic, theranostic and therapeutic probes as well as of advanced imaging technologies and image analysis tools. In this context, the main focus of his research is the investigation and diagnostic assessment of vascular and microenvironmental tissue properties and the exploration of its impact on disease progression and therapy response. Fabian Kiessling studied Medicine and did his thesis at the University in Heidelberg, Germany. Until the end of 2002, he worked as resident in the Department of Radiology at the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) in Heidelberg. In 2003, he moved to the Department of Medical Physics in Radiology of the DKFZ as leader of the Molecular Imaging group. In parallel, he did his clinical training at different departments of the University of Heidelberg and received the board certification as Radiologist in 2007. Fabian Kiessling did his habilitation in experimental radiology in 2006. In 2008, he founded the invivoContrast GmbH together with Matthias Braeutigam. Fabian Kiessling is author of more than 400 scientific publications and book chapters, has edited four books and received many research awards, among those are the “Emil Salzer Price for Cancer Research” and the “Richtzenhain Price”. Furthermore, he was awarded as Fellow of the World Molecular Imaging Society in 2019 and in 2020 was identified as “Highly Cited Researcher” by Clarivate Analytics (Web of Science). He is founding member of the European Society for Functional and Molecular Imaging in Radiology (ESMOFIR), has served as treasurer and secretary of the European Society for Molecular Imaging (ESMI), is founding member of the ESMI working group “Image Guided Therapy and Drug Delivery (IGTDD)”, and was chairman of the “Molecular Imaging” subcommittee of the European Society for Radiology (ESR). In addition, he is a member of the Board of Trustees of the World Molecular Imaging Society and was Program Chair of the World Molecular Imaging Conference (WMIS) in New York in 2016.","PeriodicalId":93925,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular & hematological disorders drug targets","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74785648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}