Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft最新文献

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence-Assisted MRI and CT-Based Diagnostic Anatomical Evaluation of Experimental Rat Disease Models.","authors":"Bing Li, Wei Yao, Chunxia Hung, Meihua Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2026.153361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2026.153361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) emerged as the transformative technology in biomedical imaging to improve the accuracy, efficiency and reproducibility of disease diagnosis. Integration of multimodal imaging data for the automated anatomical assessment in preclinical disease models remains insufficiently explored. This study aimed to develop and validate an AI-assisted framework integrating the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) for comprehensive anatomical evaluation of the experimental rat disease models. Count of 180 Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into healthy control and disease-induced groups representing neurological, pulmonary, hepatic and musculoskeletal disorders. High-resolution MRI and CT datasets were acquired longitudinally and processed using the deep-learning architectures for image segmentation, feature extraction, lesion detection and disease classification. Multimodal imaging repository constitutes 4,320 MRI and 3,960 CT image volumes, 96.8% met predefined quality criteria for analysis. Quantitative imaging revealed the significant increases in lesion volume, edema burden, tissue heterogeneity, structural distortion and tissue density across disease groups compared with controls (p < 0.001). Automated segmentation achieved Dice similarity coefficients ranging from 0.91 to 0.94, indicating excellent agreement with the expert annotations. Integrated MRI-CT AI model demonstrated superior diagnostic performance, achieving accuracy of 96.8%, sensitivity of 95.4%, specificity of 97.6% and area under the curve of 0.987, outperforming MRI-only and CT-only models. Strong correlations were observed between the AI-derived imaging biomarkers and histopathological severity scores (r = 0.86-0.93, p < 0.001). The findings demonstrated that AI-assisted multimodal MRI-CT integration provides highly accurate, reproducible and biologically relevant anatomical characterization of experimental disease models and supporting potential application in advanced preclinical imaging, translational research and future precision diagnostic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":" ","pages":"153361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional functional anatomy of the anterior sacroiliac ligament: Segmental resection reveals differential restraint of sacroiliac joint motion.","authors":"Han Yang, Qiang Tian, Dan Liu, Zhao-Cong Zhang, Xiao-Hui Li, Ming-Wang Qiu, Zhao-Jun Xia, Yikai Li, Zhun Xu, Zhi-Yong Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2026.153366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2026.153366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The anterior sacroiliac ligament (ASL) is often described as a thin ventral capsular reinforcement, potentially obscuring regional functional specialisation. We tested whether its superior and inferior regions provide distinct three-dimensional restraint during unilateral and bilateral anterior pelvic loading.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-seven fresh-frozen pelves (19 male and 8 female; mean age, 57.1 ± 15.5 years) were tested under anteriorly directed loading applied at the anterior superior iliac spines from 10 to 100 N in intact, superior-resected, inferior-resected, and complete-resection states. Loading order and the superior-first versus inferior-first resection sequence were randomised. Optical tracking quantified three-dimensional translation and rotation. For each test condition, the mean of three repeated measurements was analysed. Data were analysed by two-factor repeated-measures ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser correction and Holm-adjusted contrasts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ligament state, loading mode, and their interaction affected every axis-specific and resultant outcome (all corrected p < 0.001; partial η² ranges, 0.981-0.992, 0.932-0.994, and 0.655-0.931). Superior resection increased all translational and rotational components. Inferior resection minimally affected unilateral X- and Y-axis translation but increased rotation and reduced local bilateral translation, indicating kinematic redistribution. Complete resection produced the greatest resultant motion. Bilateral loading increased resultant translation by 31.1%, 12.5%, 0.6%, and 17.1% in the intact, superior-resected, inferior-resected, and complete-resection states, respectively; the inferior-resection change was not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ASL is a regionally organised ligament rather than a mechanically uniform capsular reinforcement. Superior fibres provide broad multi-axial restraint, whereas inferior fibres are associated with a more rotation-dominant, loading-mode-dependent kinematic response. This regional functional anatomy provides a mechanistic basis for interpreting ventral SIJ disruption.</p>","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":" ","pages":"153366"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple method for identifying latent spasticity following compressive spinal cord injury by provoking clonic contractions of the hindpaw- and back musculature in rats.","authors":"Milen Zamfirov, Svenja Rink-Notzon, Levent Sarikcioglu, Maria Eleni Manthou, Lyudmila Belenska-Todorova, Doychin N Angelov","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2026.153364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aanat.2026.153364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spasticity after spinal cord injury (SCI) encompasses increased muscle tone, exaggerated tendon reflexes, muscle spasms, and involuntary rhythmic contractions (clonus) elicited by rapid muscle stretch. It develops in about two thirds of all patients within the first-year post-injury and often causes severe functional impairments. In rodent models, however, post-SCI spasticity period is frequently subtle or overlooked due to overlapping with central neuropathic pain symptoms such as reduced locomotor activity and paresis. Here we describe a simple and reproducible method to reveal latent spasticity in rats with incomplete thoracic SCI, which we discovered during treatment with passive flexion and extension (PFE) of their hindpaws. These observations were correlated with electrophysiological and histological assessments. In about half of the treated animals PFE provoked 2-3 powerful clonic contractions of the back- and hindpaw musculature. These responses were robust and clearly distinguishable from voluntary movements. Histological analysis of the lumbar enlargement (\"below level\") in clonus-positive rats revealed a marked reduction in vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT) immunofluorescence intensity in the deep dorsal horn interneurons (DDHI) compared to non-reactive animals. This provocation-based approach provides a straightforward and reliable essay for identifying latent spasticity following SCI. It may serve as a valuable tool for investigating the underlying mechanisms of SCI-related spasticity and for evaluating therapeutic interventions in preclinical models.</p>","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":" ","pages":"153364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic composites versus calcium phosphate cements in bone regeneration: a narrative review.","authors":"Oana Bulagea Dima, A. Didilescu, C. Manole, Cornelis Pameijer, Claudiu Călin","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2024.152273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":"17 7","pages":"152273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141051056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of rat vertebrae cortical bone microstructures using confocal Raman microscopy combined to tomography and electron microscopy.","authors":"S.A. Shah, H. Salehi, Vincent Cavaillès, Frédéric Fernandez, F. Cuisinier, P. Collart-Dutilleul, A. Desoutter","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4397670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4397670","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The rat vertebrae is a good model to study bone regeneration after implantation of biomaterials used to treat bone loss, a major problem in oral and dental surgery. However, the precise characterization of bone microstructures in the rat vertebrae has not been reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to achieve the complete analysis of such bone, at different scales, in order to have a clear model of healthy bone for comparison with regenerated bone.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000In order to image the cortical bone of rat caudal vertebra, confocal Raman microscopy was combined with high resolution X-ray micro computed tomography (micro-CT), with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using backscatter electron imaging and with more conventional histology coloration techniques. SEM and Raman microscopy were done in various regions of the cortical bone corresponding to external, middle and internal areas. The spongy bone was imaged in parallel. Micro-CT was performed on the whole vertebra to monitor the network of haversian canals in the cortical bone. Osteonic canals characteristics, and relative chemical composition were analysed in several regions of interest, in cortical and spongy bone. Five rats were included in this study.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000On micro-CT images, differences in intensity were observed in the cortical bone, substantiated by SEM. Chemical analysis with Raman spectra confirmed the difference in composition between the different regions of the cortical and spongy bone. PCA and k-mean cluster analysis separated these groups, except for the external and middle cortical bone. Peak intensity ratio confirmed these results with a CO3 to ν2 PO4 ratio significantly different for the internal cortical bone. Grayscale images stack extracted from micro-CT showed that global architecture of cortical bone was characterized by a dense and complex network of haversian osteonic canals, starting from the surface towards the vertebrae center. The mean diameter of the canals was 18.4µm (SD 8.6µm) and the mean length was 450µm (SD 152µm). Finally, Raman reconstructed images of the lamellar bone showed an enlargement of the lamellar layer width, both in circumferential lamellar bone and around haversian canals.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Micro-CT and confocal Raman microscopy are good tools to complete classical analysis using optical and electron microscopy. The results and measurements presented in a rat model known for its small inter-individual differences provide the main characteristics of a mature bone. This study will allow the community working on this rat vertebrate model to have a set of characteristics, in particular on the structure of the haversian canals.","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":"5 1","pages":"152162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81658095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"yThe influence of censorship laws on Viennese anatomy textbooks from the outgoing 18th Century until after the student revolution of 1848 in Austrian absolutism.","authors":"Sophia Bauer, Leo Maria Schaukal, W. Weninger","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.4330785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4330785","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Anatomy textbooks´ connection to the rigid censoring laws enacted by Habsburg rulers, was never sufficiently investigated. Using anatomy textbooks written at the University of Vienna, our article aims at investigating the influence of censorship laws on the anatomy textbooks in Vienna between 1786 and 1865.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000In our case study we compared legal text and archival sources (source material A) with seven prefaces of textbooks written by Viennese anatomists (source material B). The prefaces were comparatively investigated by applying the following questions based on source material A: (1) What motives for writing the textbooks were indicated by the anatomists in the prefaces? (2) What legal or other influences were mentioned as motives that point to a connection to the censorship regulations installed? (3) Referring to changing censorship guidelines is there a change in the mentioned audience?\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Our results are that we found evidence for censorship regulations (source material A) in the prefaces (source material B). Also, the motives for writing those textbooks changed over time because of changing censorship regulations.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Our findings show that Viennese anatomy textbooks were part of the Austrian censorship laws in the investigated period with a timely correlation between the appointment as professor and the publication of the textbooks and prefaces (indirectly) referring to censorship laws. The academic tradition of writing textbooks arose from this system, when freedom of speech stood in opposition to the absolute Habsburg reign. Thus, when working with historical anatomy textbooks it is important to reflect on their censorship heritage.","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":"296 1","pages":"152129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76304471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posterior superior alveolar nerves contribute to sensation in the anterior teeth.","authors":"Sanako Makishi, Mikako Tanaka, Taichi Kobayashi, R. Tanaka, Takafumi Hayashi, H. Ohshima","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-123843/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-123843/v1","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000There is no available data on the occurrence rate of a converged alveolar canal, the detailed three-dimensional (3D) courses of alveolar canals/grooves (ACGs), or the contribution of each superior alveolar nerve to each area in the maxilla. This study aimed to clarify the 3D courses of ACGs, the relationship between ACGs and superior alveolar nerves, and the contribution of posterior superior alveolar nerves (PSANs) using computed tomography (CT) with histological analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000During the gross anatomy course at Niigata University, we investigated nine human cadavers.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000All anterior and posterior ACGs converged into the common alveolar canal, which contained blood vessels and several nerve bundles surrounded by perineurium, located at the nasal floor near the pyriform aperture. Histometrical analysis clarified that 16.3% of the nerve bundles in this canal were derived from PSANs, and 67% of the bundles were dispersed while they coursed down to the nasal floor. There seems to be no relationship between the density of nerve bundles in the canal and the number of remaining anterior teeth.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Data obtained from observing the detailed 3D courses of anterior and posterior ACGs, and their relationship with superior alveolar nerves, suggest that PSANs partially contribute to the nociception of the anterior teeth.","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":"28 1","pages":"151784"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72710710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Special Issue \"Human lymph vessels\".","authors":"E. Brenner","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2019.151441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2019.151441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":"521 1","pages":"151441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78856252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related changes of the human retinal vessels: possible involvement of lipid peroxidation.","authors":"T. Nag, M. Maurya, T. Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2019.06.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2019.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89398656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Terminologia Histologica after more than 10 years: disputable terms which need a wide scientific discussion and recent developments.","authors":"I. Varga, P. Gálfiová, A. Blanková, M. Koňařík, V. Baca, V. Dvořáková, V. Musil, R. Turyna, M. Klein","doi":"10.1016/j.aanat.2019.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2019.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93872,"journal":{"name":"Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79428814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}