Trends in medical research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Fasting on Intestinal Motility and Transit in Albino Wistar Rats","authors":"A. Obembe, V. Okon, E. O. Ofutet, R. A. Ayitu","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2015.63.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2015.63.68","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"466 1","pages":"63-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77418173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Persian Version of Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88): A Study of Reliability","authors":"R. Salehi, A. Keshavarz, H. Negahban, Ahmad Saeedi, A. Shiravi, S. Ghorbani, G. Taghizade, Reza Azizi","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2015.69.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2015.69.74","url":null,"abstract":"The aims of this study were to cross-culturally translate and equivalence of the Gross Motor Function Measure 88 (GMFM-88) in to Persian and to evaluate its reliability in 50 children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Our investigation was a none-experimental and methodological study which developed a Persian translation of the GMFM-88 based on International Quality of Life Assessment (IQLA) guidelines. Inter-rater reliability was performed by comparison of scores recorded by two expert physiotherapists in a blind pattern while inter-rater reliability was assessed by comparison of scores recorded by an expert physiotherapist in two continuous weeks. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate both reliabilities. Additionally internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The ICC was 0.99 for both inter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.99-1. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for all dimensions of the GMFM-88 were ranged 0.78-0.94, which showed an acceptable internal consistency. The Persian version of the GMFM-88 which indicated high internal consistency is a reliable instrument to quantify gross motor function in children with CP and to follow efficacy of various rehabilitation and medical treatments in these patients.","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"1 1","pages":"69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83826054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are the Thigh Circumference, Waist-to-Thigh Circumference Ratio and Serum Creatinine Better Markers of Type II Diabetes than the Body Mass Index?","authors":"R. Ngala, M. A. Akilla, Edwin D. Doodaah","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2015.26.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2015.26.36","url":null,"abstract":"Overweight and obesity, associated with type 2 diabetes have been characterized by Body Mass Index, waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio. However, because of the limitation of the Body Mass Index in expressing fat distribution and the fact that visceral obesity has been more implicated in type 2 diabetes than subcutaneous fat, other diabetes markers are being investigated. A hospital-based case control study, using convenience sampling techniques, sought to determine the most appropriate surrogate makers of type 2 diabetes, among Ghanaian diabetics, using thigh circumference, waist-to-thigh ratio, waist circumference, Body Mass Index, plasma creatinine and lipid profile. The 134 diabetics and 70 control subjects were enrolled. Demographics were gathered and anthropometric variables considered were; body weight, measured with scale (Hospibrand ZT-120, England), waist circumference and thigh circumference, measured with a measuring tape (Gay Mills, WI), while height measured with stadiometer (Fischer Scientific). About 5 mL of overnight fasting venous blood sample were drawn for biochemical assays: Plasma glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoproteins and triglycerides were determined by enzymatic methods and the creatinine assessment based on the Jaffé reaction, were all done on COBAS Intergra 400 Plus auto analyzer (Germany). Data were analysed using Graph Pad Prism version 5.0 (Graph Pad Software, San Diego, California). Continuous variables expressed as Mean±SD. Subjects compared using unpaired t-tests, one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test for multiple comparisons. Total body weight, waist circumference, waist-to-thigh ratio and triglycerides were significantly elevated in the diabetic subjects, while High density lipoprotein was significantly reduced. Considering gender and the diabetics compared to control group, there was no significant difference in plasma creatinine levels. Though Waist Circumference (WC), Waist-toThigh Ratio (WTR) and Body Mass Index (BMI) were significantly higher in the diabetics as compared to the controls, only WC and WTR predicts dysglycaemia in a linear regression analysis. Waist circumference and waist-to-thigh circumference ratio were better markers of type 2 diabetes in individuals, who are moderately obese than BMI.","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"4 1","pages":"26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82822048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Differences on Inflammatory and Metabolic Indicators between Pre- and Post-Menopause Women among Hypertensive and/or Diabetic Patients","authors":"Mohammed S. Ellulu, A. Rahmat, Y. Abed, Suha Baloushah, P. Ismail, H. Khaza’ai","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2015.44.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2015.44.50","url":null,"abstract":"To assess the differences on inflammatory and metabolic indicators between pre-menopause and post-menopause women among hypertensive and/or diabetic type-2 women. A total of 236 obese women included in the study have chosen from Primary Health Care Centers in Gaza City, Palestine, through a cross-sectional study. Selection depended on health status hypertensive and/or diabetic type-2 (HT, T2DM, HT+T2DM). In HT group, post-menopause women had significant higher values than pre-menopause women on TC (200±47 vs. 172.5±55 mg dL–1, p<0.01) and TG (166±89 vs. 120.5±82 mg dL–1, p<0.01). In T2DM group, post-menopause women had significant higher values than pre-menopause women on SBP (132±24 vs. 120±20 mm Hg, p<0.01), TC (213±40 vs. 185±46 mg dL–1, p<0.05) and TG (196±118 vs. 136±64 mg dL–1, p<0.05). Finally, in HT+T2DM group, post-menopause women had significant higher value than pre-menopause women on SBP (144±21 vs. 133±14 mmHg, p<0.05), TC (214±54 vs. 181±55 mg dL–1, p<0.05), TG (231±83 vs. 158±85 mg dL–1, p<0.05), IL-6 (2.32±1.34 vs. 1.71±1.45 pg mL–1, p<0.05) and BMI (36.48±7.1 vs. 32.18±5.6 kg m‾ 2, p<0.05). Post-menopause women diseased of HT and T2DM accompanied with higher rates of BMI are at risk for developing inflammatory and metabolic morbidities.","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"22 1","pages":"44-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75168946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteration of Lipid Profile and Serum Electrolytes Following Chronic Consumption of Periwinkle Extract in Rats","authors":"A. Ak, A. N. Archibong, O. Ofem, S. U. Ukweni","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2015.37.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2015.37.43","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"23 1","pages":"37-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78160801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Violence against Patients and Staff Working in the Emergency Department in Ahvaz, Iran","authors":"A. A. Darian, Kambiz Masoumi, A. Forouzan","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2015.19.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2015.19.25","url":null,"abstract":"Workplace violence means incidents or circumstances under which people are threatened verbally or physically due to the conditions relating their jobs. The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons and consequences of acts of violence by physicians on patients and medical staff in the emergency department. This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study collected information of all violent incidents involving the emergency room physicians in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran over a period of 6 months using a questionnaire and face to face interview. The physicians engaged in the act of violence were aged between 24 and 46 years old with mean age of 33.4±0.55 years old. Physicians younger than 30 years old performed significantly more violent acts (p = 0.012). The most common reason and result of the acts of violence were inappropriate behavior by the patient and their companions (50.6%) and improved behavior by the patients and their companions (21.2%), respectively. There was no meaningful relationship between gender and the reason behind the violence (p = 0.725). Nor was there a meaningful relationship between the rank of the doctor and the reason of the violence (p = 0.096) as well as between the shift on which it happened (p = 0.425). Recognizing and eliminating the violence triggers plus training physicians and medical staff to practice anger management could reduce occupational tensions and improve the performance of physicians.","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"34 1","pages":"19-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87243204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between Spirometry and BODE Index for Clinical Assessment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients","authors":"A. D. Nageswari, U. Gampala, M. Rajanandh","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2015.12.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2015.12.18","url":null,"abstract":"Classification of severity of airflow limitation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) does not represent the clinical consequences of COPD. Hence, combined COPD assessment should be preferred. The BODE index has recently been proposed to provide useful prognostic information. The present study aimed to identify the best component in the assessment of severity in terms of BODE index and spirometry. A prospective comparative study was carried out with 70 COPD patients recruited over 10 months at the Pulmonary Medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Tamilnadu, India. Patients were classified according to the GOLD classification of severity of airflow limitation after performing spirometry. The BMI, dyspnea, 6 min walking distance, FEV1 and BODE index was calculated for each patient. Patients were started on inhalation therapy and pulmonary rehabilitation and followed-up every fortnightly, after 2 months of the treatment, to repeat the BODE index and spirometry. Comparison was done between the FEV1 and BODE index before and after treatment. The mean FEV1 before the treatment was 51.00 (15.21) and after the treatment, it was 48.75 (14.92). There is no statistical difference found between pre and post treatment. However, the mean BODE index score before treatment was 5.47 (1.95) and after the treatment was 4.70 (2.35). With 95% confidence interval, the level of significance was 0.001. The present study concluded that, for the assessment of severity in COPD patients, BODE index helps in a better manner than FEV1 in response to medical intervention. Calculating BODE index is simple and needs no special equipment. This makes it a potential tool of potentially widespread applicability.","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"454 1","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76688263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Oxidative Stress, Skeletal Muscle Mass and Obesity on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Patients in Kumasi Metropolis","authors":"R. Ngala, A. Asare","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2014.107.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2014.107.115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"13 1","pages":"107-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75871086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Intragastric Balloon Versus Conservative Therapy on Appetite Regulatory Hormones in Obese Subjects","authors":"M. A. Mohammed, R. Anwar, A. Mansour, E. Elmasry, Gamal Othman","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2014.58.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2014.58.80","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"194 1","pages":"58-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78083822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of First-day Serum Bilirubin Measurement in Predicting the Development of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia","authors":"Mohammad M. Mazahy, H. A. Elkhalegy, T. Emran, R. A. Abdelhady","doi":"10.3923/TMR.2014.98.106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/TMR.2014.98.106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93827,"journal":{"name":"Trends in medical research","volume":"1 1","pages":"98-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82246149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}