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International journal of rural criminology最新文献

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School Violence and Safety Policies and Practices in Urban and Rural Communities: Does Location Matter? 城市和农村社区的学校暴力和安全政策与实践：地点重要吗？
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8341
Chunghyeon Seo, Nathan E. Kruis, Sang-joon Park
{"title":"School Violence and Safety Policies and Practices in Urban and Rural Communities: Does Location Matter?","authors":"Chunghyeon Seo, Nathan E. Kruis, Sang-joon Park","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8341","url":null,"abstract":"While there is a large body of literature on school violence and security policies in urban areas, school violence in rural areas has gained considerably less academic attention. Recent research in this area has indicated that rural schools and communities have experienced rates of violence that are similar to their urban counterparts. However, the generalizability of findings from these exploratory research projects is limited. The current study investigated the impact of school location on school violence incidents and compared correlates of school violence in rural schools to correlates of school violence in urban schools. Specifically, upon analyzing the 2010 School Survey on Crime and Safety (SSOCS) data, this study found that rural schools reported more incidents of school violence than urban schools, and different predictors affected school violence based on school location. In light of these findings, potential implications for location-specific school safety strategies are discussed within.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44212478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Piling on the pressure: Crime and stress in British farming 不断增加的压力:英国农业中的犯罪和压力
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8754
Kreseda Smith
{"title":"Piling on the pressure: Crime and stress in British farming","authors":"Kreseda Smith","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8754","url":null,"abstract":"Farmers in Britain face a range of stressors – events that negatively affect wellbeing – that impact on their ability to manage their business successfully. Extant research has identified stressors such as weather, finance, regulation, staffing and time pressures. However, no research has examined how agricultural crime affects the mental health of farmers. This article is the first to explore whether agricultural crime should be considered as a farmer stressor, and how this compares to the impact of other, more widely acknowledged farmer stressors on the day-to-day running of a farm in Britain. An online survey was employed to reach farmers across Britain to obtain quantitative data, but also qualitative data relating to stressors. Results in this first tranche of data indicate that agricultural crime has a clear place in the list of farmer stressors, with only weather, finance and time pressures being reported more often as a top three stressor by participants. The article concludes that there is a clear research gap regarding crime as a farmer stressor. It is argued that the findings of this research support the need for a wider discussion among key stakeholders to examine how agricultural crime is impacting upon the viability of British farms, and to ensure that agricultural crime is considered as a key farmer stressor so that its effects can be better addressed alongside other stressors.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47887714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shutting the Gate: A Preliminary Study of Farm Crime Prevention Methods Used by the Police in Rural England and Wales 关闭大门：英格兰和威尔士农村警察使用的农场犯罪预防方法的初步研究
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8919
Alex Nunns, A. Wills, V. T. Montrose
{"title":"Shutting the Gate: A Preliminary Study of Farm Crime Prevention Methods Used by the Police in Rural England and Wales","authors":"Alex Nunns, A. Wills, V. T. Montrose","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8919","url":null,"abstract":"Rural crime is an issue for farms across the United Kingdom. The costs of farm crime are at their highest level in eight years and impact on both farmers and consumers.  Past research has examined farmers' attitudes towards farm crime prevention but the attitudes of the police have been little explored. Police forces in rural England and Wales were surveyed about their views on farm crime prevention (e.g. prevention methods used, efficacy of methods, future of farm crime prevention). Traditional and community-based prevention methods such as regular patrols, proactive operations, prevention initiatives and community education were widely used, as were technological prevention methods such as CCTV. Just over half of respondents perceived these methods to be effective though concerns were raised that their efficacy was affected by limited police resources. The majority of respondents felt that the future of farm crime prevention would involve better physical security, more CCTV and more crime prevention initiatives.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41989337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A review of Rural Crime Prevention: Theory, Tactics and Techniques by Alistair Harkness (ed.) Alistair Harkness主编的《农村犯罪预防：理论、策略和技术》
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8931
Danielle M. Stoneberg
{"title":"A review of Rural Crime Prevention: Theory, Tactics and Techniques by Alistair Harkness (ed.)","authors":"Danielle M. Stoneberg","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8931","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48070517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A review of The Rural Primitive in American Popular Culture, by Karen E. Kayden 凯登《美国大众文化中的乡村原始人》述评
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8932
Andrew Stover
{"title":"A review of The Rural Primitive in American Popular Culture, by Karen E. Kayden","authors":"Andrew Stover","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i2.8932","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46779918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'Finding beauty' in French rural prisons. How prison officers operate rurality 法国乡村监狱“发现美”。监狱官员如何管理农村
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8626
M. Herzog-Evans, Jérôme Thomas
{"title":"'Finding beauty' in French rural prisons. How prison officers operate rurality","authors":"M. Herzog-Evans, Jérôme Thomas","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8626","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on rural criminology and rural prisons has so far essentially focused on debunking myths about rurality and rural crimes, and on the economic and social impacts of building prisons in rural areas. Typically, such rural prisons are recent. Conversely, due to its long history, France's rural prisons have in some cases been built during the 19th century within former convents from the Middle Ages or monasteries confiscated from the church during the 1789 Revolution. Missing from this literature, therefore, is, on the one hand, a focus on historic rural prison settings and, on the other hand, attention to individuals and professionals who work there. This paper focuses on a high security prison set in a middle-ages abbey in the middle of nature. In our interviews with its prison officers (POs) we used appreciative inquiry in order to better uncover the positive dimensions of rurality. We find that rurality is used to reinforce safety and the 'right distance' with prisoners, and to better cut off from the prison environment when they finish their shift. We also find that POs are bound by strong (rural) family ties that in turn contribute to their professional identity and values, and to their feelings of safety.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41551806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Exploring the farming and waste disposal nexus in the UK: Towards a typology of 'Environmental Criminals' 探索英国的农业和废物处理关系：走向“环境罪犯”的类型
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8627
Robert Smith
{"title":"Exploring the farming and waste disposal nexus in the UK: Towards a typology of 'Environmental Criminals'","authors":"Robert Smith","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8627","url":null,"abstract":"The farming Industry and rural locations are increasingly being targeted by predatory environmental criminals but as will be demonstrated there is also an insider element to environmental crimes. Such criminal activities pose an environmental challenge and require creative solutions. Indeed, the notion of the farmer as an environmental criminal is a contentious addition to the typology of rural criminals. Traditionally, environmental crime was an overlooked and under researched category of criminology, primarily because 'farmers' as a genre were treated with an elevated level of societal respect in line with their 'idyllic' portrayal. They do not fit accepted social constructs and stereotypes of the urban based criminal fraternity. Consequentially, we heard little of the stereotype of the 'bad' farmer. Recent years have seen a rise in public interest and concern relating to ethical aspects of farming leading to a raising of public awareness. Farmers are no longer immune from criticism, nor prosecution. Using documentary research methods this study reports on several high-profile cases at the nexus and reveals an updated typology of rural environmental crimes and criminals.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49294747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Review of Rural Policing and Policing the Rural: A Constable Countryside? Rob I. Mawby and Richard Yarwood (Eds.) 乡村治安与乡村治安：一个治安的乡村？Rob I.Mawby和Richard Yarwood（编辑）
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8637
Scott K. Turner
{"title":"Review of Rural Policing and Policing the Rural: A Constable Countryside? Rob I. Mawby and Richard Yarwood (Eds.)","authors":"Scott K. Turner","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8637","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48736315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Restrictive deterrence: Avoiding arrest in rural methamphetamine markets 限制性威慑:避免在农村甲基苯丙胺市场逮捕
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8630
Julie M. Yingling
{"title":"Restrictive deterrence: Avoiding arrest in rural methamphetamine markets","authors":"Julie M. Yingling","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8630","url":null,"abstract":"A component of restrictive deterrence, arrest avoidance is the notion that offenders employ specific strategies to evade detection. Although research focuses on the tactics drug dealers use to avoid law enforcement detection in crack, heroin, and marijuana markets in urban locations, no studies explore these techniques in rural settings or methamphetamine markets. Based on interviews with 52 men and women involved in methamphetamine markets, this article explores the arrest avoidance strategies used during ingredient acquisition, manufacturing, and distribution of methamphetamine. This study also expands the restrictive deterrence literature by asking each participant if they experienced a methamphetamine related arrest and how their arrest avoidance strategies related to their arrests. When participants were arrested, they revealed that they were sometimes not using any strategies or that some unique situation (i.e. getting set up by a friend) was the reason for their arrest rather than ineffective avoidance tactics.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44458410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Routine Activity Theory and Farm Equipment Theft: A Macro-Level Approach 日常活动理论和农场设备盗窃:宏观层面的方法
International journal of rural criminology Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8624
Dustin L. Osborne, K. Swartz
{"title":"Routine Activity Theory and Farm Equipment Theft: A Macro-Level Approach","authors":"Dustin L. Osborne, K. Swartz","doi":"10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18061/ijrc.v6i1.8624","url":null,"abstract":"Though a handful of studies have explored the relationship between farm characteristics and theft of farm equipment, all have been focused at the micro level. Put differently, they have sought to determine whether a relationship exists between likelihood of theft victimization and the characteristics (e.g., size, location) of individual farming operations. The current study builds upon this work by seeking to determine whether county-level factors (in line with the routine activity theory framework) serve to influence the incidence of farm equipment theft within counties. Data are derived from the National Incident-Based Reporting System, the Census of Agriculture and the United States Census of the Population.  Results are on the whole supportive of the theory's application to the problem and suggest that macro-level investigations constitute a worthwhile approach to better understanding agricultural victimization.","PeriodicalId":93767,"journal":{"name":"International journal of rural criminology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43367954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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