Cardiovascular Diabetology最新文献

{"title":"Association of baseline and trajectory of triglyceride-glucose index with the incidence of cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Qiong Huang, Wenbin Nan, Baimei He, Zhenhua Xing, Zhenyu Peng","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02622-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02622-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN), characterized by disrupted autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system, is a frequent complication associated with diabetes. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index represents a precise insulin resistance indicator. However, the influence of baseline and prolonged TyG index patterns on CAN risk in type 2 diabetes remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial, multivariate logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were deployed for elucidating the relation between baseline TyG index and the incidence of CAN. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of the TyG index in predicting the risk of CAN. The relationship between TyG trajectory and the occurrence of CAN in individuals with diabetes was examined using Kaplan-Meier curve and a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. Subgroup analysis was used to assess the robustness of the results. Additionally, we explored the impact of intensive glycemia treatment on the relationship between trajectory of TyG index and CAN risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, these in the top quartile of the TyG index had a greater likelihood of developing CAN (TyG index Q4 vs. Q1 in Model II, OR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.03-1.62, P = 0.027). RCS indicated a rising trend in the TyG index in relation to the incidence of CAN. The AUC of the TyG index for predicting the occurrence of CAN was 0.636 (95% CI 0.620-0.651; P < 0.001), with the cut-off value of 0.208. During a 7-year follow-up period, three unique TyG trajectories were recognized: class 1 (n = 431, 23.26%), class 2 (n = 798, 27.57%), and class 3 (n = 293, 31.71%). Notable discrepancies in CAN risk across various trajectories were identified in Kaplan-Meier curve (P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis indicated that individuals in class 3 experienced a greater incidence of CAN in comparison to those in class 1 after adjusting for all covariates. Subgroup analysis found no significant effect modification in this relationship. Additionally, in the intensive glycemia group, class 2 had a reduced risk of CAN, while class 3 had an increased risk when compared to standard glycemia group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increased baseline levels and long-term trajectory of TyG index are associated with an increased incidence of CAN. Intensive glycemic therapy might influence the association between the trajectory of TyG index and the chance of developing CAN.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline atherogenic index of plasma and its trajectory predict onset of type 2 diabetes in a health screened adult population: a large longitudinal study.","authors":"Yongbing Sun, Xinbei Lin, Zhi Zou, Caiwen Zhao, Ao Liu, Jing Zhou, Zhonglin Li, Xiaoling Wu, Shewei Dou, Jiadong Zhu, Tao Li, Xue Lv, Yong Wang, Yongli Li","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02619-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02619-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) is a novel biomarker for assessing the severity of atherosclerosis and has been shown to be closely associated with the risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). However, no prospective cohort study has comprehensively evaluated both the immediate risk stratification through baseline AIP and the long-term risk assessment through multi-time point AIP trajectories in health screened adults in relation to T2DM risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This longitudinal study included data from 42,850 participants who underwent health check-ups at Henan Provincial People's Hospital between January 2018 and August 2024. AIP was calculated as the logarithm of the ratio of triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to analyze the incidence of T2DM across different AIP groups. A Cox model with restricted cubic splines assessed the dose-response relationship between AIP and T2DM risk, while latent class trajectory models (LCTM) evaluated the trends of AIP over multiple time points. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the relationship between baseline AIP quartiles, AIP trajectories, and T2DM risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During an average follow-up of 47.95 months, 3,228 participants developed T2DM. Stratifying by baseline AIP quartiles revealed that higher AIP levels were associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Compared to the lowest quartile, the highest quartile had a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.10 (95% CI: 1.74, 2.53). The LCTM identified three trajectory patterns for AIP: with the low-stable group as the reference, the medium-stable and high-stable groups had HRs of 1.72 (95% CI: 1.50, 1.96) and 2.50 (95% CI: 2.06, 3.03), respectively, indicating a significantly elevated risk of T2DM (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated baseline AIP levels, medium stable trajectories and high stable trajectories are associated with an increased risk of T2DM in health screened adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining patient-reported outcomes in diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease for clinical practice guidelines - perspectives of the taskforce of the Guideline Workshop.","authors":"Katharine Barnard-Kelly, Tadej Battelino, Frank C Brosius, Antonio Ceriello, Francesco Cosentino, James R Gavin, Francesco Giorgino, Jennifer Green, Linong Ji, Monika Kellerer, Sue Koob, Mikhail Kosiborod, Nebojsa Lalic, Nikolaus Marx, Prashant Nedungadi, Christopher G Parkin, Helena W Rodbard, René D Rötzer, Lars Rydén, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Eberhard Standl, Britta Tendal Jeppesen, Pinar Topsever, Per Olav Vandvik, Christoph Wanner, Oliver Schnell","doi":"10.1186/s12933-024-02550-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-024-02550-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent clinical practice guidelines for diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) emphasise a holistic, person-centred approach to care. However, they do not include recommendations for the assessment of patient-reported outcomes (PROs), which would - dependent on the topic of guideline - be important for improving shared decision-making, patients' concordance with guideline recommendations, clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The Taskforce of the Guideline Workshop discussed PROs in diabetes, obesity, CVD and CKD as well as the relevance of their inclusion in clinical practice guidelines for the management of these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis: mechanism and role in diabetes-related cardiovascular diseases.","authors":"Ziyi Wang, Chao Wu, Dong Yin, Kefei Dou","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02614-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02614-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases represent the principal cause of death and comorbidity among people with diabetes. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent non-apoptotic regulated cellular death characterized by lipid peroxidation, is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular diseases. The susceptibility to ferroptosis in diabetic hearts is possibly related to myocardial iron accumulation, abnormal lipid metabolism and excess oxidative stress under hyperglycemia conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests ferroptosis can be the therapeutic target for diabetic cardiovascular diseases. This review summarizes ferroptosis-related mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiovascular diseases and novel therapeutic choices targeting ferroptosis-related pathways. Further study on ferroptosis-mediated cardiac injury can enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiovascular diseases and provide more potential therapeutic choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roxadustat improves diabetic myocardial injury by upregulating HIF-1α/UCP2 against oxidative stress.","authors":"Tingting Fang, Congcong Ma, Bingyun Yang, Meiyu Zhao, Luning Sun, Ningning Zheng","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02601-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02601-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by hyperglycemia, is intricately linked with cardiovascular complications. Hyperglycemia induces oxidative stress, compromising mitochondria energy metabolism disturbances, leading to cardiomyocyte hypoxia and dysregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), thereby exacerbating diabetic myocardial injury. Roxadustat (FG-4592), as an inhibitor of HIF-PHD, reduces HIF-1α degradation and regulates the transcription and function of downstream target genes. This study explores the protective effect of FG-4592 on the diabetic myocardium and further investigates the specific mechanisms responsible for this action.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established diabetic myocardial injury mice and high glucose-induced rat cardiomyocyte models, administered FG-4592 pretreatment to clarify the protective effects and related mechanisms of FG-4592 on diabetic myocardial injury by detecting changes in oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and related pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FG-4592 demonstrated cardioprotective effects in diabetic mice by regulating mitochondrial structure and function, as well as maintaining oxidative stress balance in the myocardium. It stabilized HIF-1α, activated UCP2, and enhanced the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway, reducing mitochondrial superoxide production, improving mitochondrial respiratory potential, and modulating oxidative stress markers in high glucose-induced cardiomyocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FG-4592 exerts protective effects against diabetic myocardial injury by reducing oxidative stress. The mechanism is linked with the upregulation of HIF-1α and UCP2, which subsequently activate the PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in individuals with obesity.","authors":"Bas M van Dalen, Jie Fen Chin, Praveen A Motiram, Anneke Hendrix, Mireille E Emans, Jasper J Brugts, B Daan Westenbrink, Rudolf A de Boer","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02612-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02612-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising prevalence of obesity and its association with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) highlight an urgent need for a diagnostic approach tailored to this population. Diagnosing HFpEF is hampered by the lack of a single non-invasive diagnostic criterion. While this makes a firm diagnosis of HFpEF already notoriously difficult in the general population, it is even more challenging in individuals with obesity. The challenges stem from a range of factors, including the use of body mass index as a conceptually suboptimal indicator of health risks associated with increased body mass, symptom overlap between HFpEF and obesity, limitations in physical examination, difficulties in electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluation, and reduced diagnostic sensitivity of natriuretic peptides in individuals with obesity. In this review, we examine these diagnostic challenges and propose a diagnostic algorithm specifically tailored to improve the accuracy and reliability of HFpEF diagnosis in this growing patient demographic.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11806779/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of six insulin resistance surrogate indexes for predicting stroke incidence in Chinese middle-aged and elderly populations with abnormal glucose metabolism: a nationwide prospective cohort study.","authors":"Luqing Jiang, Tengxiao Zhu, Wenjing Song, Ying Zhai, Yu Tang, Fengxia Ruan, Zichen Xu, Lei Li, Xia Fu, Daoqin Liu, Aidong Chen, Qiwen Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02618-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02618-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Estimate glucose disposal rate (eGDR), Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), triglyceride-glucose (TyG), TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) are considered surrogate indexes of insulin resistance (IR). There is a lack of studies comparing the predictive values of different IR surrogate indexes for stroke risk among individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between six IR surrogate indexes and stroke risk in individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism, evaluate their predictive abilities for stroke risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analysed in this study. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyse the relationships of IR surrogate indexes with stroke risk. The dose-response relationships between IR surrogate indexes and stroke risk were explored using restricted cubic splines. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of IR surrogate indexes were calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed that each standard deviation (SD) increase in eGDR was associated with a reduced risk of stroke, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.746 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.661-0.842]. In contrast, each SD increase in CVAI, TyG, TyG-BMI, METS-IR, and AIP were associated with an increased risk of stroke, with adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of 1.232 (1.106-1.373), 1.246 (1.050-1.479), 1.186 (1.022-1.376), 1.222 (1.069-1.396), and 1.193 (1.050-1.355), respectively. Dose-response analyses showed that eGDR, CVAI, TyG-BMI and METS-IR were linearly associated with stroke risk (P_nonlinear ≥ 0.05), whereas TyG and AIP were nonlinearly associated with stroke risk (P_nonlinear < 0.05). According to ROC analysis, The AUC of eGDR for predicting stroke risk in the overall population with abnormal glucose metabolism (AUC: 0.612, 95% CI: 0.584-0.640) was significantly higher than that of other indexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The six IR surrogate indexes were closely associated with high risk of stroke in individuals with abnormal glucose metabolism. The eGDR showed promising potential in predicting stroke risk in Chinese middle-aged and elderly populations with abnormal glucose metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between stress-induced hyperglycemia ratio and cardiovascular events as well as all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Boning Cao, Zhendong Guo, Dan-Ting Li, Le-Ying Zhao, Zhen Wang, Ya-Bin Gao, Yao-Xian Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02610-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02610-1","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is an emerging biomarker used to assess blood glucose levels under acute stress conditions and has been linked to the incidence of adverse clinical outcomes. However, the precise role of SHR in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in relation to mortality, remains poorly understood. This study seeks to investigate the clinical value of SHR as a predictive tool for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in these patient groups. This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 1999 to 2018, encompassing 3,507 individuals diagnosed with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). The primary endpoints included all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, with mortality data obtained from the National Death Index (NDI) through December 31, 2019. Participants were categorized into quartiles based on the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), and Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to examine the association between SHR and mortality. Model 1 did not account for any covariates, Model 2 adjusted for age, sex, and race, while Model 3 additionally incorporated adjustments for educational attainment, marital status, body mass index, smoking behavior, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. The study comprised 3,507 patients with a mean age of 60.7 years, of whom 56% were female. The overall incidence of all-cause mortality was 38,000 per 100,000 person-years, while cardiovascular mortality was 11,405 per 100,000 person-years. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the second quartile of the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) (Q2) exhibited the lowest all-cause mortality (log-rank P = 0.003). Cox regression analysis indicated that the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality in Q2 was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.92), whereas the HR for Q4 was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.52). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed a J-shaped association between SHR and all-cause mortality, as well as a U-shaped association with cardiovascular mortality. The minimum risk values for SHR were 0.923 for all-cause mortality and 1.026 for cardiovascular mortality. In patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), SHR demonstrated a J-shaped relationship with all-cause mortality and a U-shaped relationship with cardiovascular mortality. Subgroup analyses indicated that the effect of spontaneous hypertension on mortality was consistent across all subgroups. This study highlights a significant association between the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). SHR may serve as a critical biomarker for prognostic assessment in these populations, enabling clinicians to identify high-risk patients and tailor personalized treatment ","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of carbohydrate quality and cardiovascular risk factors vary among diabetes subtypes.","authors":"Katharina S Weber, Sabrina Schlesinger, Janina Goletzke, Klaus Straßburger, Oana-Patricia Zaharia, Sandra Trenkamp, Robert Wagner, Wolfgang Lieb, Anette E Buyken, Michael Roden, Christian Herder","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02580-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02580-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Assess the intake of carbohydrate quality and their association with cardiovascular risk factors among diabetes subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants of the German Diabetes Study (GDS) (recent-onset diabetes (n = 487) and 5-years thereafter (n = 209)) were allocated into severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID, 35%), severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD, 3%), severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD, 5%), mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD, 28%), and mild age-related diabetes (MARD, 29%). Dietary glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), and intake of higher- (≥ 55) and low-GI (< 55) foods, dietary fiber, and total sugar were derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire and cross-sectionally associated with cardiovascular risk factors (blood lipids, subclinical inflammation, blood pressure, fatty liver index) using multivariable linear regression analysis for subtypes with prevalences ≥ 10%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intake of carbohydrate quality parameters was broadly comparable between the subtypes. Among SAID higher total sugar intake was associated with lower HDL-cholesterol (ß (95% CI) relative change per 1 SD increment: - 3.4% (- 6.7; - 0.1)). No clear associations were seen among MOD. Among MARD, a higher dietary GL and higher-GI carbohydrate intake were associated with higher serum triglycerides (10.9% (2.4; 20.1), 12.4% (3.9; 21.5)) and fatty liver index (absolute change: 0.18 (0.06; 0.31), 0.17 (0.05; 0.28)) and lower HDL-cholesterol (- 4.1% (- 7.6; - 0.4), - 4.4% (- 7.8; - 0.8)), whilst higher intake of low-GI carbohydrates and dietary fiber were associated with lower high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (- 16.0% (- 25.7; - 5.1), - 13.9% (- 24.2; - 2.2)).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Associations of carbohydrate quality parameters with blood lipids, subclinical inflammation, and fatty liver index differed between diabetes subtypes. However, evidence is too preliminary to derive subtype-specific recommendations.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01055093.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of triglyceride-glucose and triglyceride-glucose related indices with the risk of heart disease in a national.","authors":"Xiaodi Tang, Kexin Zhang, Rong He","doi":"10.1186/s12933-025-02621-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12933-025-02621-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG), triglyceride-glucose related indices and heart disease remains a topic of debate in the current literature. Existing evidence in Chinese people and in diabetes or non-diabetes patients regarding this association is limited, highlighting the need for further investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort study was conducted involving 7945 participants enrolled in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The incidence of heart disease was collected by following up 9 years. TyG, TyG with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were collected at baseline. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic spline (RCS), Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to analyze the associations between TyG, TyG related indices and the risk of heart disease in national participants and in type 2 diabetes (T2D) or non-T2D patients respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a 9-year follow-up, 1477 participants (18.6%) developed heart disease. Our analysis found a significant positive association between TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR with heart disease risk in all participants. The adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for the highest quartile compared to the lowest were: TyG-BMI 1.73 (95% CI: 1.47-2.03), TyG-WC 1.46 (95% CI: 1.24-1.71), and TyG-WHtR 1.31 (95% CI: 1.11-1.54). However, TyG alone was not significantly associated with heart disease in all participants. In non-diabetic patients, the associations were consistent: TyG-BMI 1.75 (95% CI: 1.47-2.08), TyG-WC 1.47 (95% CI: 1.24-1.75), and TyG-WHtR 1.34 (95% CI: 1.13-1.60). However, in diabetes patients, no significant associations were found between TyG, TyG-WC, TyG-WHtR and heart disease risk except for the highest quartile of TyG-BMI (HR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.02-3.40).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the national population study, higher TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and TyG-WHtR indices were significantly associated with an increased risk of heart disease, with TyG-BMI and TyG-WC showing stronger correlations. While this association was evident in non-T2D patients, only TyG-BMI was associated with heart disease incidence in T2D patients, underscoring the necessity for further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9374,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Diabetology","volume":"24 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11803996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}